Sonke sinezikhathi lapho siphupha emini, lapho silahlekelwa yingqondo okwesikhashana. Uma ushayela, ngokuzumayo uzibuza, "Ngifike kanjani lapha?" Lokho kuvamile. Kodwa uma uhlala uzizwa ungenalutho olukhulu, ungenaso isibopho, mayelana nokuthi ungubani, ukuthi ukuphi, ukuthi izinkumbulo zakho ziyini, lokho kungaba yinto okudingeka sikhulume ngayo. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi yi-Dissociative Disorders.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-Dissociative Disorder?
Lesi yisimo sempilo yengqondo. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi ukuxhumana phakathi kwemicabango yakho, izinkumbulo, imizwa, ubuwena, kanye nokuqonda kwakho umhlaba okuzungezile kuyaphuka. Kalula nje, uzizwa "uhlukanisiwe" nomhlaba wangempela, noma umzimba wakho. Kuzwakala sengathi ubuka impilo yakho ngaphandle.
Lezi zimo zivame ukwenzeka ngemva kokubhekana nesenzakalo esinzima nesibuhlungu. Kufana nendlela yokuzivikela esetshenziswa ubuchopho ukuze ibalekele ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki. Kodwa uma le ndlela iqhubeka, ingaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yansuku zonke.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zalesi simo?
Izifo ezihlukanisayo zihlukaniswe kakhulu zibe izinhlobo ezintathu. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezimpawu ezihlukile kancane. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Uhlobo Lokuphazamiseka | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Isifo Sokuhlukaniswa Kobuntu (DID) | Ukuba khona kobuntu obubili noma ngaphezulu obuhlukile ngaphakathi komuntu. Ubunye balobu buntu (obubizwa nangokuthi "ama-alters") bunezinkumbulo, ukuziphatha, kanye nezifiso zabo. Bunye kuphela balobu buntu obulawula umuntu ngesikhathi. |
| Ukukhohlwa Okuhlukanisayo | Ukukhohlwa ngokuzumayo imininingwane ebalulekile empilweni yakho, ikakhulukazi leyo ehlobene nezenzakalo ezibuhlungu. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu kunokukhohlwa okuvamile. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ukhohlwe nokuthi ungubani. |
| Isifo Sokungabonisi Ubuntu/Ukungabi Nandaba | Kunezingxenye ezimbili kulokhu. Ukungabi ngumuntu umuzwa wokuzihlukanisa nomzimba wakho nemicabango yakho, njengokungathi ubukwa ngaphandle. Ukungabi ngumuntu umuzwa wokuthi abantu nendawo okuzungezile ababona abantu abangokoqobo, kodwa kunalokho kufiphele, njengephupho. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona uphawu olubizwa ngokuthi i-dissociative fugue . Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi ukhohlwa ukuthi ungubani bese uzithola usendaweni ongayijwayele.
Kungani lesi simo senzeka?
Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu ihlonzwe njengezehlakalo ezibuhlungu kakhulu (ukuhlukumezeka) . Ukuxhashazwa ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo, noma ngokocansi okuqhubekayo ebuntwaneni kunomthelela omkhulu kulokhu.
Cabanga nje, ingane encane izwa ubuhlungu nokwesaba okungabekezeleleki. Ngaleso sikhathi, ingane ayinayo indlela yokuphunyuka kuleso simo. Khona-ke, ubuchopho, ukuze buqede lobo buhlungu, buqala "ukuhlukana" ngokwengqondo naleso senzakalo. Kufana nokwenza isinqumo sokuthi "lokhu akwenzeki kimi, kwenzeka komunye umuntu."
Nakuba lokhu ekuqaleni kusiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lokhu "kuhlukana" kuba umkhuba futhi kuqala ukuthinta impilo evamile. Yilapho-ke kuba yisimo sezokwelapha.
Ngaphezu kokuhlukunyezwa kwabantwana,
- Ubhekene nengozi enkulu
- Ukubhekana nenhlekelele yemvelo (njengezikhukhula, ukudilika komhlaba)
- Ukuhlala endaweni yempi
- Ukuba yisisulu sobugebengu obukhulu
Izinto ezinjengalezi zingabangela nokuthi lezi zimo zenzeke.
Zizwakala kanjani ngempela lezi zimpawu?
Izimpawu zalesi simo ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo. Lezi zimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu uma ukucindezeleka kukhuphuka.
Izimpawu ze-Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
Uma othile eke wenza lokho, ukuziphatha kwakhe kungashintsha kakhulu kusukela komunye umzuzu kuya komunye. Cabanga ukuthi unomngane othule kakhulu futhi onamahloni ngezinye izinsuku. Ngolunye usuku ungumuntu othanda ukukhuluma kabi futhi othanda ukukhuluma kabi. Ngolunye usuku uziphatha njengengane encane. Ngamunye walabo "bantu" angaba nezwi elihlukile, izinkumbulo ezahlukene, nezifiso ezahlukene.
- Izikhala zenkumbulo: Kuvamile ukulahlekelwa umkhondo wezinto ozenzile noma ozishilo, ulwazi lomuntu siqu olubalulekile, noma izenzakalo zosuku.
- Okunye ubunikazi: Lokhu kushintsha kobunikazi kwenzeka ngokuzumayo futhi ngaphandle kokulawula.
Izimpawu ze-Dissociative Amnesia
Uphawu oluyinhloko ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo (i-amnesia).
- I-Localized Amnesia: Ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele kwenkumbulo yesigameko noma isikhathi esithile. (Isibonelo, ukungakhumbuli lutho ngesonto elilandela ingozi enkulu). Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu.
- Ukukhohlwa Okukhethiwe: Ukukhohlwa izingxenye ezithile zomcimbi. (Isibonelo, ukukhumbula ukukhala ngesikhathi sokulwa, kodwa hhayi indlela umuntu ashaywe ngayo).
- Ukukhohlwa Okujwayelekile: Ukukhohlwa ngokuphelele ukuthi ungubani nokuthi indaba yakho yokuphila iyini. Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu.
Ngokuvamile, umuntu akazi ukuthi uselahlekelwe yinkumbulo yakhe, kodwa umndeni nabangane bayazi kahle umehluko.
Izimpawu zesifo sokungabi namuntu/sokungaqali
Umuntu onalesi simo uhlangabezana nale mizwa njalo.
- Ukungabi ngumuntu ongumuntu: Imizwa efana nokuthi “Angikho emzimbeni wami,” “Ngiyaphupha,” “Izwi lami akulona elami.” Ungase uzizwe sengathi umzimba wakho usebenza ngokungalawuleki, njengerobhothi.
- Ukungaqondi: Imizwa efana nokuthi "umhlaba ongizungezile awulona iqiniso", "konke akucacile, kubukeka njengefilimu", "isikhathi sihamba kancane kakhulu, noma kuzwakala sengathi kuhamba ngokushesha kakhulu".
Into ebalulekile ukuthi ngisho noma le mizwa ifika, umuntu uyazi ukuthi lokhu akuvamile . Yingakho engase esabe kakhulu futhi akhathazeke ngokuthi useyahlanya.
Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, kufanele uqale ubonane nodokotela wakho. Uzoxoxa nawe ngezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wakho.
Izimpawu ezifana nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo zingabangelwa nezinye izifo zomzimba, ngakho udokotela uzoqala ahlole izimbangela ezinjalo.
- Ukulimala ekhanda
- Izimila zobuchopho
- Ukungalali kahle
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa noma utshwala
Uma usuqedile noma yiziphi izimbangela zomzimba, udokotela wakho uzokudlulisela kuchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo, njengodokotela wezifo zengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo. Bazokhuluma nawe isikhathi eside, babheke ukuziphatha kwakho, futhi banqume ukuthi lokhu kuyisifo sokuhlukanisa.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Indlela eyinhloko yokwelapha lezi zimo i -psychotherapy , noma i-talk therapy. Umgomo oyinhloko ukukusiza ukuthi uphathe le nqubo "yokuhlukana" kanye nezimpawu.
- Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda (i-CBT): Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi ubone imicabango yakho emibi kanye nokuziphatha kwakho bese uyifaka esikhundleni sayo ngemikhuba yokucabanga enempilo.
- Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokukhuluma (i-DBT): Lokhu kwelashwa kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu ababhekana nemizwa kakhulu. Kubasiza bafunde izindlela ezintsha zokuphatha imizwa yabo.
- Ukwelashwa Kokususa Ukunyakaza Kwamehlo Nokucutshungulwa Kabusha (EMDR): Lokhu kuhilela ukuhambisa amehlo ngendlela ethile ngenkathi kuvuselelwa izinkumbulo ezibuhlungu. Lokhu kusiza kakhulu ekwelapheni ukulimala.
Lokhu kwelashwa kungaba nzima ngezinye izikhathi ngoba kuhilela ukukhumbula izinkumbulo ezibuhlungu zesikhathi esidlule. Kodwa-ke, ngokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sikadokotela othembekile, izimpawu zingalawulwa futhi impilo ephumelelayo ingafinyelelwa.
Nakuba kungekho mithi ethile yalesi simo, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yezinye izimo ezingase zenzeke ngaso, njengokucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka.
Ingabe lesi isimo esiyingozi?
Ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zabo futhi baqhubeke nokusebenza kahle ekuphileni kwabo kwansuku zonke.
Kodwa-ke, ukuzama ukuzibulala nokuzilimaza kuvame kakhulu kubantu abane-DID. Izifundo zibonise ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kuka-70% abane-DID bazama ukuzibulala.
Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enemicabango yokuzilimaza, ungalibali. Yiya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) ngokushesha, noma ukhulume nodokotela wakho. Ukucela usizo akulona uphawu lobuthakathaka, kuwuphawu lwamandla.
Uma ubhekene nalezi zimpawu, ungesabi ukukhuluma ngazo. Lezi akuzona iphutha lakho. Lezi yizimo zezokwelapha ezingelapheka. Uma uthola usizo ngokushesha, kulapho zingaba nomthelela omncane empilweni yakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izinkinga Zokuhlukana yizimo zempilo yengqondo ezihilela umuzwa "wokuhlukana" nomuntu, izinkumbulo zakhe, kanye nendawo akuyo.
- Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu yizinto ezibuhlungu kakhulu ezenzeka ngesikhathi sobuntwana.
- Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukuzizwa sengathi ungaphandle komzimba wakho, ukuzizwa sengathi indawo okuyo ayiyona into yangempela, nokuba nobuntu obuhlukahlukene kuyizimpawu eziyinhloko.
- Akulona iphutha lakho leli. Lesi yisimo esingelapheka.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko. Ukwelashwa kwengqondo kungalawula ngempumelelo izimpawu.
- Uma unemicabango yokuzilimaza, ungalokothi uhlupheke wedwa. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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