Wake wazizwa ngokuzumayo umuzwa onzima, oqinile esifubeni sakho, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula? Awekho amagama okuchaza ukwesaba nokwesaba okufika engqondweni yakho ngaleso sikhathi, akunjalo? Ungase ucabange, "Hawu Nkulunkulu wami, ingabe lokhu kuwukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo?" Ngesikhathi esinjengalesi, namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu okuzokwenziwa udokotela ukuthola ukuthi kukhona yini okungahambi kahle enhliziyweni yakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwama-enzyme enhliziyo.
Ayini lawa ma-enzyme enhliziyo? Kalula nje...
Kulungile, ake siqale sibheke ukuthi lawa ma-enzyme enhliziyo, noma ama-biomarker enhliziyo, ayini. Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho ingumshini omuhle kakhulu osebenza ngokungayeki. Uma le nhliziyo yonakele nganoma iyiphi indlela, isibonelo, uma kungekho umoya-mpilo owanele, noma uma kunokucindezela okukhulu, izinto ezikhethekile ezivela kumaseli enhliziyo ziyakhishwa ziye egazini. Lezo zinto yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ama-enzyme enhliziyo.
Ama-enzyme amane nje angamaphrotheni akhethekile emizimbeni yethu. Lawa yiwo asiza ekulawuleni izinqubo eziningi zamakhemikhali zomzimba, njengokugaya ukudla esikudlayo, ukwenza amandla, nokususa imfucuza emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, uma la ma-enzyme athile enhliziyo ekhona egazini, kuwuphawu lokuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngenhliziyo.
Kungani la ma-enzyme enhliziyo evela ngokuzumayo egazini?
Ngokuvamile, igazi lomuntu ophilile liqukethe inani elincane kakhulu lala ma-enzyme enhliziyo. Kodwa uma imisipha yenhliziyo, noma imisipha yenhliziyo, yonakele nganoma iyiphi indlela, la maseli enhliziyo ayaphuka bese ama-enzyme angaphakathi kwawo ekhishwa egazini. Kufana nebhodlela lamanzi eliqhumayo bese kuphuma amanzi.
Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo . Ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo, umthambo ohlinzeka ngegazi enhliziyweni uvaleka ngokuzumayo, uphuce ingxenye yenhliziyo umoya-mpilo. Bese kuthi amangqamuzana enhliziyo aphuce umoya-mpilo aqale ukufa, bese le enzyme ikhishwa egazini.
Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa izinga lale enzyme egazini lingakhuphuka nasezimweni ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nokuvuvukala kwenhliziyo.
Ngakho-ke, kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-Cardiac Enzyme Marker?
Empeleni lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kakhulu. Udokotela uthatha inani elincane legazi lakho bese elihlola elabhorethri ukuze abone ukuthi angakanani lawa ma-enzyme enhliziyo, noma ama-biomarker enhliziyo, akulelo gazi. Uma amazinga ala ma-enzyme ephakeme kakhulu kunokuvamile, udokotela angacabanga ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngenhliziyo yakho noma ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu.
Kwenziwa kanjani lokhu kuhlolwa? Kwenziwa kuphi?
Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi akuyona into enkulu. Kuthatha nje isampula encane yegazi elivela emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela.
Esimweni esiphuthumayo, okungukuthi, uma uzwa ubuhlungu esifubeni ngokuzumayo bese uya esibhedlela, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo.Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uma udinga ukwenza lokhu ngesikhathi sokuvakashela udokotela njalo, ungakwenza ehhovisi likadokotela noma elabhorethri elihlukile lokuhlola igazi.
Odokotela bazisebenzisa kanjani lezi zimpawu zenhliziyo?
La mazinga e-enzyme yenhliziyo abaluleke kakhulu kudokotela. Angenza lokhu okulandelayo:
- Thola ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo enhliziyweni noma kwezinye izinkinga.
- Thola imbangela eqondile yezimpawu zakho, njengobuhlungu besifuba kanye nokuphelelwa umoya. Isibonelo, lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni isimo senhliziyo esingazelelwe esibizwa ngokuthi i-Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) , noma i-Myocardial Ischemia (ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni).
- Hlola ukuthi umuthi onikezwe isifo senhliziyo usebenza kahle yini noma ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kuphumelele yini.
- Bika ukubikezela kwezifo zenhliziyo ezahlukahlukene.
Cabanga nje, mngani wakho, ake sithi uKamala. Ngokungazelelwe uKamala uzizwa ecindezelekile esifubeni sakhe, uyajuluka, futhi unenkinga yokuphefumula. Lapho efika esibhedlela, odokotela benza ngokushesha ukuhlolwa kwama-enzyme enhliziyo kanje. Yilokho okubavumela ukuthi babone ukuthi kukhona yini okungahambi kahle enhliziyweni kaKamala, noma ukuthi ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba yilapho kuphela lapho ungamnika khona ukwelashwa okufanele.
Yiziphi lezi zinhlobo zama-enzyme enhliziyo? (Izinhlobo zama-enzyme enhliziyo)
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-enzyme enhliziyo. Wonke angama-enzyme noma amaprotheni. Ukuba nalawa amaningi egazini lakho kusho ukuthi ungase ube nesifo senhliziyo noma enye inkinga yenhliziyo.
Iyini iTroponin? Lena ebaluleke kakhulu!
Kulezi, i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-troponin yileyo odokotela abayisebenzisa kakhulu ukuthola ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ukulimala kwenhliziyo. Iwuphawu olubucayi kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngisho nomonakalo omncane enhliziyweni ungabangela amazinga ayo egazini.
Cabanga ngakho, ngemva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, izinga lale troponin egazini lingaqala ukwanda zingakapheli amahora angu-3-4, futhi lingafinyelela esicongweni cishe emahoreni angu-12. Bese lingahlala liphezulu izinsuku ezimbalwa, mhlawumbe ngisho namasonto ambalwa. Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bephinda lokhu kuhlolwa njalo emahoreni ambalwa noma njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ngaleyo ndlela bangabona ukuthi kungakanani umonakalo owenzekayo enhliziyweni, nokuthi iyanda noma iyancipha.
Ake sifunde futhi ngama-Natriuretic Peptides (NPs)
Olunye uhlobo olukhethekile lweprotheyini lubizwa ngokuthi ama-Natriuretic Peptides (NPs) . Lawa anganda egazini.Ezimweni ezifana nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo yisimo lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni. Bese kuba nokucindezeleka okukhulu enhliziyweni. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, izinga lala ma-NP liyakhuphuka.
Odokotela babheka izinhlobo eziningana zalezi NP, kodwa leyo abayisebenzisa kakhulu ibizwa ngokuthi i-N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) . Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukuthi inhliziyo icindezelwa kangakanani ngenxa yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
Ubani odinga lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-enzyme yenhliziyo? Ingabe unalezi zimpawu?
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, udokotela wakho angase akuyalele lezi zivivinyo ze-enzyme yenhliziyo:
- Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki yilona uphawu oluyinhloko.
- Isiyezi, umuzwa wokuzungeza ekhanda.
- Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, uzizwa sengathi uzohlanza.
- Ukujuluka okukhulu ngokuzumayo.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula, uzizwa sengathi uyacinana (ukuphelelwa umoya).
- Ukwanda okungazelelwe kwezimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo (ukwanda kokwehluleka kwenhliziyo), njengokuvuvukala emilenzeni kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
Ungathathi noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu kalula. Uma unazo, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu.
Yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo zegazi ezenziwayo ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo?
Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwama-enzyme enhliziyo, udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana ukuze athole umbono ongcono ngesimo senhliziyo yakho kanye nempilo yayo yonke.
Nazi ezinye zazo:
- Ukubalwa Kwegazi Okuphelele (i-CBC): Lokhu kuhlola amazinga ezinto ezifana namaseli abomvu, amaseli amhlophe, nama-platelet egazini lakho.
- Iphaneli Eyisisekelo Ye-Metabolic (BMP) noma Iphaneli Ephelele Ye-Metabolic (CMP): Lokhu kungahlola izinto eziningi ezifana nama-electrolyte egazini lakho, njenge-sodium ne-potassium, ukusebenza kwezinso, kanye namazinga kashukela.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegesi Yegazi (ABG): Lokhu kuhlola ibhalansi ye-oxygen, i-carbon dioxide, kanye ne-acid-base egazini.
Udokotela ufinyelela esiphethweni ngesimo sakho ngokuhlanganisa ulwazi oluvela kuzo zonke lezi zivivinyo.
Yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuze kutholakale ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo?
Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwegazi, kunezinye izivivinyo eziningana ezingenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo noma omunye umonakalo wenhliziyo. Udokotela wakho angase akucele okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu, kuye ngesimo sakho.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Lokhu kungahlola usayizi nesimo senhliziyo kanye nesimo samaphaphu.
- I-Echocardiogram:Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound. Kungabheka ukuthi amakamelo nama-valve enhliziyo asebenza kanjani, nokuthi imisipha yenhliziyo ifinyela kanjani. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwe-echo okubizwa nge -Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) nakho kungenziwa.
- I-Electrocardiogram (ECG noma EKG): Lokhu kulinganisa ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo yakho. Lokhu kungaba usizo kakhulu ekutholeni izinkinga ekushayeni kwenhliziyo yakho, njengezimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka Kokuzivocavoca noma Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka Kwenhliziyo Yenuzi: Lokhu kuhilela ukuhamba nge-treadmill noma ukugibela ibhayisikili bese ubona ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isabela kanjani kulo msebenzi.
- I-Angiogram: Kulolu vivinyo, kufakwa uketshezi olukhethekile emithanjeni yenhliziyo ethwala igazi liye enhliziyweni, bese kuthathwa i-X-ray ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka kwaleyo mithambo.
- I-Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan: Lokhu futhi kuyi-scan ekhethekile ebheka ukusebenza kwenhliziyo nokugeleza kwegazi.
Zonke lezi zivivinyo zenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi iyiphi inkinga onayo futhi kuhlinzekwe ukwelashwa okufanele ngayo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule: nakekela inhliziyo yakho!
"Ingabe ngihlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo?" Lo mbuzo ungaba nzima kakhulu futhi wesabise ukuwucabanga. Ngakho-ke, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokucabanga kakhulu ngaso.
Njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi uyaqonda, lokhu kuhlolwa kwama-enzyme enhliziyo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni izifo zenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi izehlakalo zenhliziyo ezizumayo. Ukuba namazinga aphezulu ala ma-enzyme egazini lakho kuyisibonakaliso esinamandla sokuthi kukhona umonakalo, ukucindezeleka, noma ukuvuvukala enhliziyweni yakho.
Ngakho-ke, uma udokotela wakho ekucela ukuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa, ungesabi. Kuzokusiza ukuthi wazi kahle ukuthi isimo sakho siyini futhi uqale ukwelashwa okudingekayo ngokushesha. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungasindisa impilo yakho futhi kuvimbele izinkinga ezinkulu. Inhliziyo yakho iyimpahla yakho eyigugu kakhulu. Kukuwe ukuthi uyinakekele. Khuluma nodokotela wakho futhi uqonde ukuthi le miphumela yokuhlolwa isho ukuthini.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 Iyini i-Cardiac Enzymes (Cardiac Enzymes / Troponin) test?
Uma uhlaselwa yinhliziyo bese uya esibhedlela, lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuyimpoqo nokubaluleke kakhulu okwenziwa odokotela, ngaphezu kwe-ECG! Lapho imisipha yenhliziyo yethu ibhujiswa/ibola, uhlobo lweprotheni (i-Troponin namanye ama-enzyme) ngaphakathi kwaleyo misipha lukhishwa egazini ngenani elingabekezeleleki. Leso yisibonakaliso esifunwa yilolu vivinyo.
💬 Ingabe lo mbiko uzobona ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngokushesha nje lapho kwenzeka?
Kutholakala ngokushesha yi-ECG. Inani le-Troponin ukuthi ngisho nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo 'okungabonakali' okungabonakali kunoma iyiphi i-ECG kungatholakala ngalo mbiko zingakapheli amahora amabili kuya kwamane. Uma odokotela bethatha igazi futhi bebheka la manani (amazinga e-Troponin), uma libonisa 'liphezulu', kusho ukuthi imisipha eminingi yenhliziyo yakho isifile kakade.
💬 Uma ama-enzyme akulo mbiko ephakeme, ingabe kuzodingeka ngihlinzwe?
Izinga le-troponin eliphakeme lisho ukuthi kukhona umonakalo omkhulu enhliziyweni (ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okusobala). Lapho lokhu kwenzeka, odokotela bazokunikeza umuthi wokunciphisa igazi noma umuthi wokunciphisa igazi. Uma izinga le-enzyme liphakeme kakhulu, kuzokwenziwa i-angiogram ngokushesha ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kuyadingeka yini ukuhlinzwa kwe-stent noma kwe-bypass.
Ama - enzyme enhliziyo, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ama-enzyme enhliziyo, i-troponin, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ama-biomarker enhliziyo
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