Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi isifuba sakho siyashaya, unenkinga yokuphefumula ngisho noma uhamba ibanga elifushane, noma uzizwa ukhathele usuku lonke? Nakuba abantu abaningi becabanga ukuthi lezi yizinto ezivamile, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nenkinga encane enhliziyweni ngemuva kwalokhu. I-Mitral Valve Prolapse yisimo esibonakala kubantu abaningi, kodwa ngokuvamile asiyona ingozi. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu namuhla.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP)?
Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho njengendlu enamakamelo amane. Kuneminyango phakathi kwala makamelo evumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze liye phambili naphambili. Le minyango yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi “ama-valve” kwezokwelapha. Ifana neminyango evula indlela eyodwa kuphela.
I-Mitral Valve ingumnyango ophakathi kwegumbi eliphezulu (i-atrium yangakwesobunxele) kanye negumbi elingezansi (i-ventricle yangakwesobunxele) ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo yakho. Le valve iyavuleka futhi ivale njalo lapho inhliziyo yakho ishaya, ilawula ukugeleza kwegazi elinomoya-mpilo ngendlela efanele.
I-Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) yisimo lapho amapheshana amabili ale valve engavali kahle kodwa esikhundleni salokho agobe emuva, aye ngase-atrium yangakwesobunxele. Kufana nomnyango ongavali kahle futhi ogobe kancane emuva. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungavimbela ivalvu ukuthi ingavali ngokuphelele.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu, esithinta phakathi kuka-2% no-3% wabantu bomhlaba. Abantu abaningi abazi nokuthi banaso ngoba abanazo izimpawu. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi ivalvu igobile kancane, kodwa isasebenza kahle.
Yiziphi izimpawu umuntu one-MVP angase azibone?
Nakuba abantu abaningi bengenazo izimpawu, abanye abantu bangase babhekane nalezi zinto. Lezi zimpawu aziveli ngendlela efanayo kubo bonke.
| Isibonakaliso | Indlela ozizwa ngayo |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu besifuba | Kungase kungabi buhlungu obuvela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo, kodwa kungase kuzwakale njengokungakhululeki noma ukuqina kwesifuba. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea) | Ikakhulukazi uma ukhathele, kuzwakala sengathi uzowa uma ukhuphuka izitebhisi. |
| Isiyezi | Ungase uzizwe unesiyezi lapho usukuma, futhi amehlo akho angase azizwe sengathi aphenduka abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
| Ukukhathala | Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele usuku lonke ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Uzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha ngokuzumayo, isifuba sakho "siyashaya," noma sishaya kanye bese siyayeka. |
Kodwa khumbula lokhu: Ukuba nezimpawu akusho ukuthi isimo sakho sibucayi. Futhi, abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazo izimpawu ngisho noma isimo sibucayi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izinkinga ongase ube nazo.
Kungani kwenzeka into efana nale?
Imbangela eyinhloko ye-MVP ubuthakathaka bezicubu ze-valve. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukonakala kwe-myxomatous". Kalula nje, izicubu ze-valve ziba buthakathaka futhi zinwebeke, njengebhande lerabha elidala. Imbangela eqondile ayitholakali njalo.
- Ufuzo: Ngezinye izikhathi uma kwenzeka emndenini, kungathinta nezingane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhona ithonya lofuzo.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Abantu abanezinkinga ezithile zezicubu ezixhumeneyo basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-MVP. Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne-Marfan syndrome kanye ne-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.
- Ezinye izici eziyingozi: Abantu abanezimo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo esibangelwa amalunga, i-scoliosis, kanye nesifo sikaGraves nabo basengozini enkulu kancane.
Ingabe lokhu kungabangela ezinye izinkinga?
Nakuba abantu abaningi bengenazo izinkinga, abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi labo abanesimo esibucayi kakhulu, bangase babe nezinkinga ezithile.
Inkinga enkulu yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Mitral Regurgitation . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-valve ingavali kahle, okubangela ukuba igazi livuze ngendlela engafanele, lisuka kwi-ventricle yesobunxele libuyele kwi-atrium yesobunxele. Uma lokhu kuvuza kwanda, inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima.
Uma i-Mitral Regurgitation iba nzima, kungase kube nezinkinga ezilandelayo:
- Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
- Ukutheleleka kwe-valve (`i-endocarditis ethelelekayo`)
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, isibonelo `(Atrial fibrillation)`
- Isifo sohlangothi
- Akuvamile ukuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-cardiac (`Ventricular arrhythmias`) kungaholela ekufeni kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo.
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Uma uya kudokotela, uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi ukhona yini emndenini wakho onesifo senhliziyo. Ngemuva kwalokho uzolalela isifuba sakho nge-stethoscope.
Uma elalele inhliziyo yomuntu one-MVP, udokotela angase ezwe umsindo ohlukile. Umsindo 'wokuchofoza', olandelwa umsindo 'wokuchofoza' (ukumungumuza) . Yingakho abanye abantu bebiza lesi simo ngokuthi 'i-click-murmur syndrome'.
Uma uzwa lo msindo, udokotela wakho uzoncoma ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuze aqinisekise isimo futhi anqume ukuthi sibucayi kangakanani.
| Ukuhlolwa | Wenzani ngalokhu? |
|---|---|
| I-Echocardiogram | Lolu vivinyo olubaluleke kakhulu nolubaluleke kakhulu. Lufana nokuskena kwengane. Lusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuze lubone ngokucacile isakhiwo senhliziyo, ukuthi ama-valve asebenza kanjani, nokuthi ngabe igazi livuza kangakanani nokuthi lingakanani. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili: i-Transthoracic (eyenziwa ngesifuba) kanye ne -Transesophageal (eyenziwa ngepayipi elincane eliya emphinjeni). |
| I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) | Umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo, noma isigqi senhliziyo, uyahlolwa. Lokhu kusiza ekuboneni noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle kwesigqi senhliziyo. |
| I-X-ray yesifuba | Ungahlola ukuthi inhliziyo ikhulisiwe noma ukuthi uketshezi luqongelelene emaphashini. |
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abaningi abane-MVP abadingi ukwelashwa . Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi uze uzohlolwa njalo. Kulezo zikhathi zokuvakashela, uzokwenza i-echocardiogram ukuze abone ukuthi isimo se-valve sishintshile yini.
- Imithi yezimpawu: Uma unezimpawu ezifana nesiyezi kanye nobuhlungu besifuba, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi efana nama-beta-blockers ukuze azilawule.
- Imithi yokuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi: Uma unesifo esifana ne-atrial fibrillation noma uke waba nesifo sohlangothi ngaphambilini, uzonikezwa imithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-anticoagulants ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Uma ukuhlanza kukhulu futhi kuthinta inhliziyo, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa.
- Ukulungiswa kwevalvu ye-Mitral: Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, odokotela bazozama ukulungisa ivalvu yakho. Lena inketho engcono kakhulu.
- Ukushintsha ivalvu ye-Mitral: Uma ivalvu yonakele kakhulu ukuba ingalungiswa, inketho iwukuyishintsha ngevalvu entsha (yemishini noma yebhayoloji).
Ngobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe banamuhla, lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa ngokusikwa okuncane (ukuhlinzwa okungenasidingo) ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba ngokuphelele.
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nami ngizodinga ukuhlinzwa?
Akuwona wonke umuntu one-MVP odinga ukuhlinzwa. Cishe oyedwa kwabayi-10 uzodinga ukuhlinzwa. Ungadinga ukuhlinzwa uma:
- Uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi .
- Uma ivalvu ivuza igazi (ukubuyela emuva) ezingeni elibi kakhulu .
- Uma ama-scan ebonisa ukuthi inhliziyo ikhulisiwe (`i-ventricular yesobunxele kanye/noma i-atrial yesobunxele`).
- Uma unenhliziyo engajwayelekile (i-arrhythmia).
- Uma inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni (ingxenye yokukhipha igazi iyancipha).
Kunini lapho kufanele ngifune khona iseluleko sezokwelapha esiphuthumayo?
Qiniseka ukuthi uya njalo uyohlolwa njengoba utshelwe udokotela wakho. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu ezilandelayo ngokuzumayo, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha .
- Ubuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe, obukhulu.
- Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, isiyezi esikhulu, noma ubuthakathaka obukhulu.
- Ukuphefumula okuphuthumayo, okunzima kakhulu.
- Uma uthatha imithi evimbela ukujiya kwegazi futhi ube nengozi efana nokuwa , bona udokotela ngokushesha, noma ngabe akukho ukulimala okubonakalayo ngaphandle, njengoba kunengozi yokopha ngaphakathi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) iyisimo esivame kakhulu futhi esivame ukungabi nangozi, ngakho ungesabi uma uthola ukuthi unayo.
- Ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nokuqina kwesifuba kanye nokuphelelwa umoya. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
- Njengoba udokotela esho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kohlolwa njalo futhi wenze ama-ultrasound. Ngaleyo ndlela, ungazi kusengaphambili ukuthi isimo siya siba sibi yini.
- Uma kudingeka ukwelashwa, ikakhulukazi ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa ama-valve, manje sekuphumelele kakhulu. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, ungaphila impilo enempilo ngokuphelele.
- Ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo yenhliziyo (ukudla okuhle, ukuvivinya umzimba, nokugwema ukubhema) kuyohlala kusiza impilo yenhliziyo yakho.
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