Ngesikhathi udokotela ekutshela ukuthi unembobo enhliziyweni yakho, kumelwe ukuba wazizwa wesaba kakhulu futhi washaqeka. Kumelwe ukuthi wacabanga, "Hawu Nkulunkulu wami, kukhona imbobo enhliziyweni yami?" Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Lokhu akuyingozi njengoba sicabanga, futhi manje kunezindlela zokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe kakhulu neziphumelelayo zalokhu. Ukukhathala okuzwayo, ubunzima bokuphefumula uma uzikhandla kancane, kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yalesi simo. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngalezi zimbobo enhliziyweni, kanye 'ne-Cardiac Closure Device', ithuluzi elincane elisetshenziselwa ukuzivala.
Ake siqale sibone, iyini le mbobo enhliziyweni?
Kalula nje, inhliziyo yethu ifana nendlu enamakamelo amane. Amakamelo amabili phezulu namakamelo amabili phansi. Sibiza la makamelo amabili phezulu ngokuthi i-Atria. I-atrium yangakwesokudla kanye ne-atrium yangakwesokunxele. Kukhona udonga phakathi kwala makamelo amabili. Sibiza lolu donga ngokuthi 'i-Interatrial Septum'. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungakheka imbobo kulolu donga lapho kuzalwa. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) .
Cabanga nje, lapho wakha indlu, indawo encane ishiywa ingaplastwanga lapho kwakhiwa udonga phakathi kwamakamelo amabili. Lesi yisimo sokuzalwa.
Kukhona esinye isimo esifana nalesi, kodwa esihlukile kancane. Sibizwa ngokuthi i-Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) . Lokhu akuyona ngempela imbobo yangempela njenge-ASD. Uma sonke sisesibelethweni, kukhona imbobo encane phakathi kwalezi atria ezimbili. Ngenxa yokuthi amaphaphu ethu awasebenzi ngaleso sikhathi, le mbobo ibalulekile ekujikelezeni kwegazi. Ngemva kokuzalwa kwethu, lapho siqala ukuphefumula, le mbobo ivala ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, lokhu akuvaleki ngokuphelele, kodwa kuhlala njengesivalo esincane. Kungavuleka uma kudingeka. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-PFO.
I-ASD iyimbobo yangempela odongeni. I-PFO ifana nembobo encane engavaleki kahle. Zombili zitholakala phakathi kwamakamelo amabili aphezulu enhliziyo.
Kungani kuyinkinga ukuba nalezi zimbobo?
Kulungile, manje ungase ubuze, "Pho kwenzekani uma kukhona lowo mgodi?" Nakhu okwenzekayo.
Uhlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo yethu luqukethe igazi elihlanzekile nelicebile ngomoya-mpilo. Leli gazi liphampa emzimbeni wonke. Uhlangothi lwesokudla luqukethe igazi elisetshenzisiwe, elingenawo umoya-mpilo, nelingcolile. Leli gazi lithunyelwa emaphashini ukuze liphinde lifakwe umoya-mpilo.
Manje cabanga, bekuzokwenzekani ukube bekukhona imbobo odongeni phakathi kwalezi zinhlangothi ezimbili? Kufana nembobo phakathi kwethangi lamanzi ahlanzekile elihlungiwe kahle kanye nethangi lamanzi asetshenzisiwe. Elinye igazi elihle elinomoya-mpilo lixubana negazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo. Bese inani legazi elinomoya-mpilo okudingeka liye emzimbeni liyancipha.
Ngenxa yalokhu, uzokwenza okulandelayo:
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele .
- Ukuphefumula kunzima .
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuqala ukuzwakala njengokushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile.
Uma kwenzeka i-PFO, kungaba yingozi nakakhulu. Amahlule egazi amancane akheka emizimbeni yethu, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni yethu, ngezinye izikhathi aya enhliziyweni. Ngokuvamile, aya emaphashini bese esuswa lapho. Kodwa kumuntu onembobo ye-PFO, leli hlule legazi lingagxuma lisuka ohlangothini lwesokudla liye ohlangothini lwesobunxele bese liqonda ngqo emithanjeni yegazi eya ebuchosheni. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi iphakeme.
Uyivala kanjani le mbobo? - Umsebenzi weDivayisi Yokuvala Inhliziyo
Esikhathini esidlule, ukuze uvale imbobo efana nale, kwakudingeka wenze ukuhlinzwa okukhulu kwenhliziyo. Kodwa manje, ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, lokhu kwenziwa ngendlela elula kakhulu ezimweni ezingaphezu kuka-80%. Yingakho kusetshenziswa le divayisi encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-Cardiac Closure Device .
Kufana nezambulela ezimbili ezincane ezixhunywe ndawonye, noma idivayisi efana nezinkinobho. Kwenziwe nge-wire mesh eyenziwe nge-alloy yensimbi ebizwa ngokuthi i-Nitinol, futhi imbozwe ngendwangu ye-polyester.
Indlela yokwelapha ilula kakhulu.
Lokhu kwenziwa ngudokotela wezifo zenhliziyo.
1. Okokuqala, uzonikezwa imithi yokukwenza ungazi lutho noma udakwe.
2. Ngemuva kwalokho, ithubhu elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter lifakwa emthanjeni omkhulu osemlenzeni wakho.
3. Le catheter idluliselwa emthanjeni wegazi kuze kufike enhliziyweni. Konke lokhu kwenziwa ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sobuchwepheshe obufana ne-X-ray kanye ne-ultrasound.
4. Lapho i-catheter isondela emgodini osenhliziyweni, baqala ngokufaka into efana nebhaluni elincane ukuze balinganise ubukhulu obuqondile bomgodi.
5. Bese kuthi, idivayisi yokuvala, enobukhulu obufanele, idluliselwe nge-catheter endaweni egoqiwe iye endaweni yomgodi.
6. Uma isendaweni efanele, i-catheter iyasuswa. Bese izingxenye ezimbili ezigoqiwe ezifana nesambulela ziyavuleka kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomgodi, zivale ngokuphelele umgodi. Unamathela odongeni nhlangothi zombili, njengesandwich.
7. Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi isendaweni yayo, i-catheter iyasuswa.
Yilokho kuphela. Akunasidingo sokumboza isifuba sakho. Akunazibazi ezinkulu.
| Indlela yokwelapha | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuvalwa kwe-Transcatheter | Ithubhu elincane lifakwa ngomthambo osemlenzeni bese kudluliselwa ithuluzi ngalo liye enhliziyweni ukuze kuvalwe imbobo. Lena indlela evame ukusetshenziswa, elula, futhi ephulukisa ngokushesha. |
| Ukuhlinzwa Kwenhliziyo Evulekile | Uma imbobo inkulu kakhulu noma kunezinye izinkinga, isifuba singase sivulwe bese imbobo ithungwa noma ivalwe. Lokhu akusasetshenziswa kakhulu manje. |
Yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nemiphumela engemihle engaba khona yalokhu kwelashwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, kunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi ezingavamile kakhulu.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko
- Izinga lempumelelo ephezulu: Izifundo zithole ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kuphumelele ngaphezu kuka-93%.
- Ukululama okusheshayo: Ngokuhlinzwa okusekelwe ku-catheter, kufanele uhlale esibhedlela ubusuku obubodwa kuphela. Ungabuyela empilweni yakho evamile cishe emavikini amabili. Ululama ngokushesha kakhulu kunokuhlinzwa okuvulekile.
- Ubuhlungu obuncane: Kunobuhlungu obuncane kakhulu ngoba akukho ukusikwa okukhulu.
- Ukunciphisa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi: Ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-PFO, le ndlela inganciphisa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi ngaphezu kokuthatha imithi.
Imiphumela emibi engaba khona (lena ayivamile kakhulu)
- Amahlule egazi: Amahlule egazi angase akheke nxazonke zedivayisi.
- Ukuthuthumela kwedivayisi: Akuvamile kakhulu, idivayisi ingase isuke kancane lapho yayifakwe khona.
- Izigqi zenhliziyo ezingavamile: Isigqi senhliziyo singashintsha okwesikhashana.
- Ingozi ye-Endocarditis: Lokhu ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kwengaphakathi lenhliziyo.
- Ukuguguleka kwedivayisi: Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu (cishe u-0.04% - 0.3%). Idivayisi inganamathela odongeni lwenhliziyo futhi yonakalise udonga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ungakhathazeki! Udokotela wakho uyazi zonke lezi zingozi futhi uzothatha zonke izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze azivimbele.
Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze sigweme imiphumela emibi?
Ngemva kokwelashwa, kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzenze. Ngokulandela lokhu ngqo, ungavimbela ngisho naleyo miphumela emibi engavamile.
1. Ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi
Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi uthathe umuthi we-anticoagulant noma we-antiplatelet, njenge-aspirin, nsuku zonke cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha ngemuva kokwelashwa kwakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha lo muthi ngesikhathi futhi ungakhohlwa ukuwuthatha .
2. Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-endocarditis (lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu!)
Ngemva kokufakwa kwedivayisi, kuthatha cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha ukuthi izicubu zomzimba wakho zikhule futhi ziwumboze ngokuphelele. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, uma amabhaktheriya avela kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho engena egazini lakho, angahamba aye kule divayisi futhi abangele ukutheleleka. Ukuvimbela lokhu:
- Gcina amazinyo nezinsini zakho zihlanzekile kakhulu. Hlanza amazinyo akho kahle nsuku zonke.
- Ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwamazinyo (njengokukhipha amazinyo, ukuhlanza, ukugcwalisa), kufanele utshele udokotela wamazinyo ukuthi unedivayisi enjalo enhliziyweni yakho.
- Ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa noma ukuhlinzwa okungase kubangele ukopha , kuzodingeka uthathe ama-antibiotic . Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvikela ekuthelelekeni.
- Uma uba nezimpawu zokutheleleka, njengomkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba, noma umphimbo obuhlungu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Udokotela uzokunika ikhadi elinolwazi ngalokhu. Ligcine nawe ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ukubuyela empilweni evamile ngemva kokwelashwa...
Uma uke welashwa nge-catheter, uzokwazi ukuhlala esibhedlela ubusuku bonke bese ubuyela ekhaya ngakusasa. Nakuba uzokwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini evamile ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, kungcono ukugwema ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo noma imisebenzi enzima cishe amasonto amabili.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izicubu zenhliziyo yakho zizokhula futhi zimboze ngokuphelele le divayisi. Bese iba yingxenye yenhliziyo yakho. Ngeke uzizwe ngisho nokuthi ikhona. Uzoba nenkululeko ephelele yokuphila impilo evamile, ukuzivocavoca, nokwenza noma yini oyifunayo.
Uma kufanele wenze i-MRI scan, kungase kube nemingcele ethile. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokwenza noma yini, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho wenhliziyo bese uthola iseluleko.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imbobo enhliziyweni (i-ASD noma i-PFO) yisimo sokuzalwa esinganciphisa inani lomoya-mpilo umzimba owutholayo futhi sandise ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi.
- Idivayisi Yokuvala Inhliziyo iyithuluzi elisebenza kahle kakhulu neliphephile elisetshenziselwa ukuvala imbobo enhliziyweni kusetshenziswa i-catheter, ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba.
- Le ndlela yokwelapha ilula kakhulu, ayibuhlungu kakhulu, futhi ithatha isikhathi esifushane kakhulu ukuphulukiswa.
- Ngemva kokwelashwa, kubalulekile ukuthatha umuthi wokunciphisa igazi onikezwe udokotela ngesikhathi esifanele.
- Ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwamazinyo noma okunye ukuhlinzwa phakathi nezinyanga eziyisithupha zokuqala, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthatha ama-antibiotics ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza izivivinyo zezokwelapha ezidingekayo .
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