Ingabe inhliziyo yakho izizwa ibuthakathaka? Ake sixoxe nge-cardiomyopathy!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi uphelelwa umoya? Ingabe uzizwa unesizungu ngisho nalapho ukhuphuka izitebhisi? Lokhu kungase kungabi yizinto ezingahleliwe nje. Mhlawumbe lesi yisimo esithinta imisipha yenhliziyo yakho. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesinye salezi zimo, okuyi-cardiomyopathy.

Kuyini i-Cardiomyopathy?

Kulungile, kuyini i-cardiomyopathy? Kalula nje, yisifo esithinta imisipha enhliziyweni yakho, i-myocardium . Cabanga ngakho njengokungathi inhliziyo yakho iyiphampu. Uma unalesi sifo, imisipha yenhliziyo yakho ingaba nkulu kakhulu, noma ingaba nkulu, ngezinye izikhathi ingaba lukhuni, futhi ingakha ngisho nezicubu ezibomvu.

Ngakho-ke kwenzekani uma lokhu kwenzeka? Inhliziyo yakho ayikwazi ukupompa igazi ngendlela efanele. Lokho kusho ukuthi umzimba wakho wonke awutholi igazi elanele. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inhliziyo ingaba buthakathaka futhi ekugcineni iholele ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo . Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunezindlela zokwelapha lokhu. Abanye abantu baze bagcine bedinga ukufakelwa inhliziyo .

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-cardiomyopathy?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-cardiomyopathy. Ake sibheke lokho manje.

• I-Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amakamelo enhliziyo (amakamelo agcwele igazi) eba makhulu futhi izindonga zemisipha ziba zincane. Njengalapho ibhaluni livuvukele, liba lingakwazi ukupompa igazi.
• I-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho imisipha yenhliziyo iqina kakhulu, okubangela isikhala esincane ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi igcwalise igazi futhi impompe.
• I-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa ukuvaleka kwemithambo yenhliziyo ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni. Lesi simo singase senzeke nalapho imisipha yenhliziyo yonakele, njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
• I-Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia (ARVD): Leli igama eliyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Yilapho imisipha ese-ventricle yesokudla yenhliziyo ithathelwa indawo yizicubu ezinamafutha kanye nezicubu ezine-fibrous. Kungabangelwa futhi izici zofuzo.
• I-Cardiomyopathy Evimbelayo: Kulesi simo, imisipha yenhliziyo iyaqina futhi ilahlekelwe ukuqina kwayo, okwenza ingakwazi ukugcwala igazi kahle.
• I-Transthyretin Amyloidosis Cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM): Kulokhu, iphrotheni engajwayelekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-amyloid ifakwa enhliziyweni.
• I-Broken Heart Syndrome noma i-Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy: Lokhu kukhethekile kancane. Cabanga nje, lapho ngokuzumayo uzwa ukudabuka okukhulu, ukushaqeka, noma ukucindezeleka kwengqondo okukhulu, lesi simo singathinta inhliziyo.
• I-cardiomyopathy ebangelwa ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Lokhu kungenzeka futhi njengomphumela ongemuhle wokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali omdlavuza.
• I-Cardiomyopathy Ebangelwa Utshwala: Abantu abaphuza utshwala ngokweqile nabo basengozini.
• Ukungacindezelwa Kwemithambo Yesobunxele (LVNC): Kulokhu, imisipha ekamelweni lesobunxele lenhliziyo iba njengesiponji.
• I-Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: Lesi yisimo esingase senzeke ekupheleni kokukhulelwa noma ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemva kokubeletha.

Sivame kangakanani lesi sifo?

I-cardiomyopathy ingathinta abantu babo bonke ubudala, ubulili, kanye nobuhlanga. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, olubizwa ngokuthi i-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy , yisimo sezakhi zofuzo esidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-500 emhlabeni unaso. Ezinye izinhlobo zezakhi zofuzo zithinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-2,000 noma abangu-2,500.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Nokho, yiziphi izimpawu eziboniswa umuntu one-cardiomyopathy?

• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu (Ukukhathala): Hhayi ukukhathala nje kuphela, kodwa ukukhathala okuqhubekayo, okungachazeki.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo: Lokhu kungazwakala sengathi isigubhu sishaya ngaphakathi esifubeni, noma sengathi inhliziyo iyagxumagxuma.
• Ubuhlungu Besifuba: Lokhu futhi kuyisibonakaliso.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmia): Lokhu kusho ukuthi isigqi senhliziyo siyaphazamiseka.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea): Ungase ukuthole kunzima ukuphefumula ngisho noma uzikhandla kancane, noma ngisho nalapho umile.
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze namaqakala (i-Edema): Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuqongelela kwamanzi emzimbeni.
• Ukuquleka noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi (i-Syncope): Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi ngokuzumayo kanye nokuwa kungenzeka.

Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babe ne-cardiomyopathy ngaphandle kokubonisa izimpawu. Bangase bangadingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ziqala ukubonakala kuphela njengoba isifo siqhubeka.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-cardiomyopathy?

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-cardiomyopathy? Imbangela enkulu yi -genetics . Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi sifo singazuzwa kubazali bethu. Abacwaningi bathole izinkulungwane zezinguquko zezakhi zofuzo ezihlobene nalesi sifo.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, kunezinye izizathu eziningana:

• Isifo Semithambo Yenhliziyo .
• Izifo Ezizimele: Isibonelo, Izifo Zezicubu Ezixhumeneyo.
• Izifo ezithinta imisipha yenhliziyo(njengamagciwane, amagciwane).
• Ukuvuvukala kwenhliziyo .
• Isifo Sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus)` .
• Isifo Se-thyroid .
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemisipha .
• Izifo ze-cholesterol ephezulu .
• I-Sarcoidosis .
• I-Amyloidosis .
• I-Hemochromatosis: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho insimbi eningi iqongelela emzimbeni.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nochwepheshe abakwazi ukuthola ukuthi kungani umuntu enesifo senhliziyo. Lokho sikubiza ngokuthi yi-idiopathic.

Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa isifo senhliziyo? Ezinye zalezi asikwazi ukuzishintsha.

• Uma kukhona emndenini onomlando wokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, i-cardiomyopathy, noma ukumiswa kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo.
• Uma uke waba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngaphambili.
• Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwe-cocaine noma utshwala.
• Ukukhulelwa.
• Isibonelo, okuhlangenwe nakho okucindezelayo kakhulu, njengokulahlekelwa othandekayo.
• Ukuthola imisebe noma i-chemotherapy yomdlavuza.
• Inkomba Yobunzima Bomzimba (BMI) engaphezu kuka-30 (okusho ukukhuluphala).

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona?

Uma lokhu kuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo kuba kubi kakhulu, kungase kuvele ezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo. Lezi zinkinga zifaka:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmias) .
• Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo .
• Isifo sohlangothi .
• Isifo Se-Valve Yenhliziyo .
• Ukuboshwa Kwenhliziyo .
• Ukushaqeka Kwenhliziyo .

Kwenziwa kanjani ukuxilongwa?

Nokho, wazi kanjani ukuthi une-cardiomyopathy? Uma uya kudokotela, uzoqala ngokubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini emndenini wakho onalesi simo. Bese bezokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba.

Uma besola ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo, bazokudlulisela kudokotela wenhliziyo. Udokotela wenhliziyo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa okugcwele, futhi uma kudingeka, enze ezinye izivivinyo.

Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga

• Ukuqapha Okuhambayo: Lokhu kuhilela ukugqoka idivayisi encane amahora angama-24 noma ngaphezulu ukuze kuqashwe ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi .
• I-X-ray yesifuba .
• I-CT scan yenhliziyo .
• I-MRI Yenhliziyo `(I-MRI Yenhliziyo)` .
• I-Echocardiogram: Lolu vivinyo olubaluleke kakhulu. Lungabheka izinto eziningi njengosayizi nesimo senhliziyo, ukujiya kwemisipha, indlela epompa ngayo igazi, kanye nomsebenzi wamavalvu.
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Lokhu kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo futhi kungabona izinto ezifana nokungahambi kahle kwesigqi senhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka Kokuzivocavoca .
• I-Catheterization yenhliziyo .
• I-Myocardial Biopsy: Ukuthatha ingxenye encane yomsipha wenhliziyo ukuze uyihlole.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Ukwelashwa kwe-cardiomyopathy akukwazi ukwelapha lesi simo ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zingalawulwa futhi lesi sifo singalawulwa . Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukushintsha indlela yokuphila, imithi, amadivayisi ahlukahlukene, noma ukuhlinzwa.

Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila

Singaqinisa izinhliziyo zethu ngokwenza izinguquko endleleni esiphila ngayo impilo yethu yansuku zonke. Nazi ezinye izinto esingazenza:

• Ukudla ukudla okunamafutha amancane nosawoti omncane.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele.
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo.
• Ukulala ngokwanele.
• Ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka.
• Ukugwema ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Ukugwema ukuphuza utshwala.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela lezi zinto ngendlela efanele, uyaqonda?

Imithi

Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo angase akunike imithi efana nalokhu:

• Imithi yokunciphisa umfutho wegazi .
• Ama-anticoagulant (ama-blood thinner)
• Imithi yokulwa nokushaya kwenhliziyo (antiarrhythmics) imithi elawula ukungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo .
• Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol.
• Abaphikisi be-Aldosterone .
• Ama-Corticosteroids (kwezinye izimo ezithile).

Amadivayisi okulungisa ukungalingani kwesigqi senhliziyo

• Abenzi bokuncelisa isifuba .
• Ama-ICD (ama-ICD) e-Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ama-ICD)

Amadivayisi okuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi

• Ukwelashwa Kokuvuselelwa Kwenhliziyo (i-CRT) .
• Idivayisi Yokusiza Nge-Ventricular Yesobunxele (i-LVAD) .

Ukuhlinzwa nezinye izinqubo

Odokotela bavame ukuncoma ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile noma ukufakelwa inhliziyo kuphela uma zonke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zehlulekile. Izinqubo ezingasetshenziswa kakhulu zingafaka:

• I-Septal Myectomy .
• Ukufakelwa Inhliziyo .
• Utshwala lwe-Septal Ablation .
• Ukususwa kwe-Catheter .

Ngingayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yami ye-cardiomyopathy?

Ungathatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezintweni ezingaholela ekuguleni kwenhliziyo.

• Ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho.
• Ukugcina amazinga e-cholesterol esezingeni elifanele.
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo.
• Ukugwema ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi, utshwala, kanye ne-cocaine.
• Ukulawula izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya noma isifo sikashukela.
• Ukuya kohlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha.
• Ukuthatha yonke imithi ebhalwe ngudokotela njengoba kuyalelwe.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi izinhlobo zokuzalwa ze-cardiomyopathy azinakuvinjelwa . Kodwa uma une-cardiomyopathy, ungazisa izihlobo zakho. Bangakhuluma nodokotela babo ukuze babone ukuthi basengozini noma banalesi sifo. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kusiza ekwakheni uhlelo lokuphatha lesi sifo.

Kwenzekani uma ngine-cardiomyopathy?

I-cardiomyopathy yisifo esibi kakhulu. Uma singelashwa, singasongela ukuphila. Futhi siyisifo esiqhubekayo.

Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kwe-cardiomyopathy kungathuthukisa isimo sakho. Uma unalesi simo, funa ukwelashwa kudokotela wenhliziyo.

I-cardiomyopathy ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ubude besikhathi onayo i-cardiomyopathy buxhomeke ohlotsheni onalo. I-Takotsubo cardiomyopathy ivame ukuba yesikhashana. I-cardiomyopathy ebangelwa utshwala ingaphela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Kwezinye izinhlobo, kuzodingeka uphathe izimpawu impilo yakho yonke.

Umbono we-cardiomyopathy

Akukho ukwelashwa kwe-cardiomyopathy. Kodwa-ke, ungasiphatha lesi simo noma unciphise ukuqhubeka kwaso. Abantu abaningi abane-cardiomyopathy bangaphila impilo enhle ngendlela yokuphila enempilo kanye nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Ukukhetha indlela yokuphila kungathinta ukuthi isifo senhliziyo sithuthuka ngokushesha kangakanani.

• Gcina isisindo esinempilo ngokuhambisana nobude bakho kanye nobudala bakho.
• Ukudla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi ukunciphisa ukudla okune-sodium (usawoti).
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo.
• Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Ukuphatha nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka.
• Gwema ukubhema.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Uzodinga ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha ukuze uqaphe impilo yenhliziyo yakho. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Uma kuvela izimpawu ezintsha.
• Uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu.
• Uma kunemiphumela emibi evela emuthini.
• Uma kunenkinga ngedivayisi unayo (isb. i-pacemaker).

Kufanele ngiye nini eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) ?

Funa usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile).
• Ukuquleka noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

• Yini okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi iyimbangela ye-cardiomyopathy yami?
• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa olunconywayo?
• Yiziphi izinguquko zendlela yokuphila okufanele ngizenze ukuze ngithuthukise impilo yenhliziyo yami?
• Ingabe ikhona iqembu lokusekelana eliseduze noma eliku-inthanethi engingajoyina kulo?

Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile ngokuxilongwa kwe-cardiomyopathy. Kodwa odokotela banezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezingathuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho futhi zikusize uphile isikhathi eside.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule kule ndaba?

I-cardiomyopathy yisifo esithinta imisipha yenhliziyo, kodwa akusikho okufanele ukwesabe. Uma utholakale kusenesikhathi, welashwa kahle, futhi ulandela indlela yokuphila enhle, ungaphila kahle nalesi simo. Uma unezinkinga noma izimpawu zenhliziyo, ungazinaki bese ubona udokotela. Ukunakekela inhliziyo yakho kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Khumbula, awuwedwa, odokotela nomndeni bakhona ukukusiza!

Isifo senhliziyo, i-cardiomyopathy, isifo semisipha yenhliziyo, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ubuthakathaka benhliziyo, ukuphelelwa umoya, ukwelashwa kwenhliziyo