Ingabe isifo sakho sikashukela kunzima ngempela ukusilawula? Ake sixoxe nge-'Brittle Diabetes'!

Ingabe unesifo sikashukela? Ngezinye izikhathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzama kangakanani, thatha imithi kadokotela wakho ngesikhathi, futhi ulawule ukudla kwakho, amazinga kashukela egazini lakho akhuphuka kakhulu noma aphansi kakhulu ngokuzumayo? Noma ingabe ayancipha ngokuzumayo ngendlela eyingozi? Ingabe lokhu kuphazamisa usuku lwakho lonke futhi kuvame ukudinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela? Khona-ke ungase ube nesimo esikhethekile odokotela abasibiza ngokuthi "i-Brittle Diabetes." Ungesabi uma uzwa lokhu. Ake sixoxe ngakho konke kalula.

Kalula nje, iyini i-Brittle Diabetes?

I-"Brittle Diabetes" akuyona uhlobo olusha lwesifo sikashukela. Akuyona ngisho nokuxilongwa okusemthethweni kwezokwelapha. Kalula nje, yigama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza isimo esinzima kakhulu, esingazinzile sesifo sikashukela okunzima ukusilawula. Igama elithi "brittle" lisho "ukuphuka kalula." Futhi yilokho kanye lesi simo esiyikho. Amazinga kashukela egazini ayashintshashintsha kancane, ngokuzumayo.

Kulesi simo, kunezigameko ezivame ukuba noshukela ophansi egazini (hypoglycemia) kanye noshukela ophezulu egazini (hyperglycemia). Lokhu kungaholela ekulalisweni esibhedlela njalo. Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi bakubiza ngokuthi "isifo sikashukela esingavamile".

Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Kodwa-ke, singase senzeke nakubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, abathembele ekufakweni kwe-insulin. Ngokuvamile, lesi simo "sesifo sikashukela esibuhlungu" sibangelwa esinye isimo sezokwelapha noma inkinga yempilo yengqondo ngaphezu kwesifo sikashukela.

Kungani isifo sikashukela sinzima kangaka ukusilawula? Yiziphi izizathu?

Ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi. Kunezinto eziningi ezithinta lokhu, okuhlanganisa ukudla esikudlayo, ukuzivocavoca esikwenzayo, ukucindezeleka, kanye nezinguquko zamahomoni. Iningi labantu abanesifo sikashukela lifunda ukuphatha lezi zinto ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kodwa ku-"diabetes ebuthakathaka," indlela le miphumela efika ngayo ayibikezeleki. Yingakho amazinga kashukela egazini engashintshashintsha ngokuzumayo.

Izizathu zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine eziyinhloko:

1. Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha emzimbeni.

2. Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo.

3. Ukuguga nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo.

4. Izinkinga ze-insulini kanye nokuphepha kokudla.

Ake sibheke ngayinye yalezi ngokwehlukana.

1. Izimo zomzimba ezikhona ndawonye

Ezinye izifo zingabangela ushintsho endleleni umzimba osabela ngayo ku-insulin (ukumelana ne-insulin), okwenza kube nzima ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini.

Izimo ezibangela ukuthi ushukela egazini ukhuphuke njalo:

• Ukungalingani kwama-hormone: Izifo ezihlobene nama-hormone ezifana ne-hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis), i-acromegaly, kanye ne-Cushing syndrome.
• Ezinye izimo ezingavamile zokuzalwa (i-congenital lipodystrophies)
• Izifo ezisakazeka emzimbeni wonke (ukutheleleka kwesistimu).

Izimo ezibangela ukuthi ushukela egazini wehle njalo:

• I-Gastroparesis: Lesi yisimo lapho ukudla esiswini kuthunyelwa khona emathunjini kancane kakhulu. Cabanga ukuthi udla ilayisi ekuseni. Ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe amahora amabili ukugaya. Kodwa ngenxa yalesi simo, isisu sakho sisebenza kancane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke noma ngabe ufaka i-insulin ngaphambi kokudla, ukudla kuyagaywa futhi ushukela ufakwa egazini ngemva kwamahora angu-4-5. Okwamanje, i-insulin ingasebenza futhi ushukela wakho ungaba phansi kakhulu (i-hypoglycemia). Lapho ukudla kugaywa, ushukela ungakhuphuka ngokuzumayo kakhulu. Uyabona ukuthi kunzima kangakanani ukulawula?
• Isifo sika-Addison: Uma singelashwa, lesi simo singabangela nokuthi amazinga kashukela egazini ehle njalo.
• Isifo se-Celiac: Lesi sifo sivimbela umzimba ekumunceni izakhamzimba ngendlela efanele, okungabangela amazinga kashukela egazini angazinzile.

2. Izimo zempilo yengqondo

Lokho esikuzwayo ezingqondweni zethu kuthinta ngqo imizimba yethu. Ukuphila nesifo esingamahlalakhona njengesifo sikashukela kungenye yezinto ezibangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu.

• Ukucindezeleka okukhulu, ukukhathazeka, kanye nokucindezeleka: Lezi zimo zinganciphisa ugqozi lwakho kanye nekhono lakho lokuphatha isifo sikashukela sakho. Ungase ukhohlwe ukuphuza imithi yakho ngesikhathi bese uhlola ushukela wakho wegazi. Ukucindezeleka kungandisa nama-hormone akhishwa umzimba wakho, okungakhuphula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho.
• Izinkinga zokudla: Izimo ezifana ne-anorexia kanye ne-bulimia zingenza kube nzima ukuphatha isifo sikashukela. I-Diabulimia, isimo esibonakala kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, sihilela ukweqa ngamabomu imithamo ye-insulin ukuze uzame ukunciphisa isisindo. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa notshwala: Izinto ezivuselelayo ezifana ne-cocaine nama-opioid zandisa amazinga kashukela egazini. Utshwala lungabangela ukuthi amazinga kashukela egazini ehle ngendlela eyingozi.

3. Ukuguga nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo

Ukuphathwa kwesifo sikashukela kuyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa yezimo ezifana ne-dementia, engenzeka ngokukhula.

• Ungase ukhohlwe ukuthatha umthamo wakho we-insulin.
• Ungathatha umthamo ophindwe kabili ngephutha.
• Izinhlobo ze-insulin ezisebenza isikhathi esifushane kanye ne-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside zingadideka.
• Amadivayisi anjengeziphampu ze-insulin kanye nama-continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) angase angasebenzi kahle.

4. Izinkinga ze-insulini kanye nokuphepha kokudla

Lena inkinga yezenhlalo nezomnotho ethinta abanye abantu ezweni lethu.

• Izindleko eziphezulu ze-insulin: Ngenxa yobunzima bokuthenga i-insulin, abanye abantu basebenzisa umthamo ongaphansi komthamo onqunyiwe. Lokhu kungaholela emazingeni aphezulu kashukela egazini kanye nezimo ezisongela impilo njenge -Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) .
• Ukuntuleka kokudla okuphephile: Ukungadli nokuphuza ngesikhathi kungabangela amazinga kashukela egazini angazinzile.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?

Umuntu onesifo sikashukela esibuthakathaka uvame ukuba nezimpawu ezishintshashintshayo zoshukela wegazi ophansi (hypoglycemia) kanye noshukela wegazi ophezulu (hyperglycemia).

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

Ukushintshashintsha kwamazinga kashukela egazini njalo akukuhle emzimbeni. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni zesikhathi esifushane nezesikhathi eside.

Izinkinga ezibangelwa ushukela wegazi ophansi

Uma amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ephansi njalo, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ungase ube nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hypoglycemia ukunganaki . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ujwayela amazinga kashukela egazini aphansi futhi ungakhombisi izimpawu zokuxwayisa ushukela wegazi ophansi, njengokuqhaqhazela nokujuluka. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu ngoba ungalahlekelwa ingqondo ngokuzumayo futhi ube nokuxhuzula ngaphandle kwesixwayiso. Uma kungelashwa, kungaholela ngisho nasekufeni.

Izinkinga ezibangelwa ushukela ophezulu egazini

Uma amazinga kashukela egazini engalawuleki, kungenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo esibizwa ngokuthi i-diabetesic ketoacidosis (DKA) . Lokhu kusongela impilo. Izimpawu ze-DKA zifaka:

• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
• Ukuphefumula okunezithelo
• Ukuphefumula okujulile, okusheshayo (ukuphefumula kwe-Kussmaul)
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi nokungazi lutho

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini isikhathi eside andisa ingozi yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu zesifo sikashukela.

• Ukulimala kwamehlo (i-Retinopathy)
• Ukulimala kwezinso (i-Nephropathy)
• Ukulimala kwemizwa (i-Neuropathy)
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Isifo sohlangothi

Kuphathwa kanjani lokhu?

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha isifo sikashukela i-Brittle ukubhekana nembangela eyisisekelo yamazinga kashukela egazini angazinzile.Ukuthola nokwelapha imbangela eyinhloko. Isibonelo, umuntu onesifo se-celiac angase akwazi ukuzinzisa amazinga akhe kashukela egazini uma edla ukudla okungenagluten. Ukwelapha inkinga ye-thyroid kungasiza ekulawuleni isifo sikashukela.

Ngesikhathi elapha imbangela eyinhloko, udokotela wakho angase asikisele izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ukusebenzisa idivayisi yokuqapha i-Glucose eqhubekayo (i-CGM): Le divayisi iqapha amazinga kashukela egazini lakho njalo futhi ikunikeza isexwayiso uma amazinga kashukela wakho ephezulu noma ephansi.
• Hlola amazinga kashukela egazini lakho njalo: Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uhlole amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ngokuthatha iconsi legazi emunweni wakho izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
• Ukusebenzisa iphampu ye-insulin: Lokhu kunikeza inani le-insulin elidingwa ngumzimba ngokunembe kakhudlwana nangokungaguquguquki.
• Ukusekelwa nguchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona umuntu ofana nodokotela wengqondo bese uthola iseluleko sokuphatha izinto ezifana nokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka.
• Usizo oluvela emndenini noma kumsizi womhlengikazi: Abantu asebekhulile noma labo abanenkinga yokukhumbula bangadinga usizo oluvela elungwini lomndeni ukuze banikeze i-insulin ngesikhathi futhi bahlole ushukela egazini labo.
• Ukusekelwa yisisebenzi sezenhlalakahle: Labo abangakwazi ukukhokhela i-insulin noma abangaqiniseki ngokudla bangathola usizo lokuthola izixazululo ezifanele.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lapho kungekho okunye ukwelashwa okungalawula lesi simo, kunganconywa ukufakelwa i-pancreas .

Lapho kufanele ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha

Isifo sikashukela esibizwa ngokuthi yi-Brittle Diabetes akuyona into yokudlala ngaso. Ezimweni ezinjengalesi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha.

Ukuphatha lesi simo kungaba yinselele. Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho njalo futhi ukhulume ngezinguquko emazingeni akho kashukela egazini. Khumbula, lokhu akulona iphutha lakho. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, ngosizo lobuchwepheshe, kanye nokusekelwa komndeni wakho, lesi simo singalawulwa kakhulu.