Sonke sizwile "ngesifo senhliziyo." Ngezinye izikhathi sizwa kuthiwa, "O, bengiphila kahle, bese ngokuzumayo ngihlaselwa yinhliziyo ngashona." Uma sizwa izindaba ezinjengalezi, empeleni sizizwa sesaba kancane. Kodwa lesi "sifo senhliziyo" akusona isifo esisodwa nje kuphela. Siyiqoqo lezifo ezithinta inhliziyo yethu kanye nohlelo lwemithambo yegazi oluthwala igazi emzimbeni wonke. Kwezokwelapha, sibiza zonke lezi zifo ngokuthi izifo zenhliziyo . Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngqo, ngoba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
Kalula nje, siyini isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi?
Cabanga ngomzimba wakho njengomuzi. Inhliziyo iyiphampu yamanzi eyinhloko yomuzi. Imithambo yegazi ifana namapayipi athwala amanzi esuka ephampuni yamanzi eya kuzo zonke izindlu edolobheni. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona okungahambi kahle ngaleli phampu noma amapayipi amanzi, wonke umuzi uzolahlekelwa amanzi, akunjalo? Yilokho kanye okwenzekayo.
Isifo senhliziyo yinoma yisiphi isimo esithinta inhliziyo yethu (iphampu) noma imithambo yegazi yethu (uhlelo lwemithambo yegazi). Kunezinto eziningana eziyinhloko ezingase zenzeke:
- Ukuncishiswa kwemithambo yegazi enhliziyweni noma kwezinye izitho zomzimba: njengokungcola okuvala ipayipi lamanzi.
- Izinkinga zenhliziyo noma zemithambo yegazi ezizalwa nazo: Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nobuthakathaka obuthile kulesi simiso lapho umuntu ezalwa.
- Ama-Heart Valves Angasebenzi Kahle: Kunezingxenye ezifana nomnyango ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo ezisiza ukugeleza kwegazi ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Uma zingavali noma zingavuli kahle, kungavela izinkinga.
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo: Noma yiluphi ushintsho esigqini senhliziyo, njengokushaya ngokushesha okukhulu, ngokushesha okukhulu, noma ngaphandle kwesigqi.
Abanye abantu babonisa izimpawu uma benalezi zifo. Kodwa abanye abantu bangahlakulela lesi sifo ngaphakathi ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Yingakho kubalulekile kithi sonke ukuqaphela lokhu.
Zivame kangakanani lezi zifo ngempela?
Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, lokhu kuvame kakhulu kunalokho ongakucabanga. Izifo zenhliziyo ziyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa eSri Lanka kanye nasemhlabeni jikelele.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, akulungile ukucabanga ukuthi lesi yisifo esithinta asebekhulile kuphela. Noma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala, kungakhathaliseki ubulili, angaba nalezi zimo. Abesifazane ikakhulukazi basengozini enkulu yokufa ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo.
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginalesi sifo? Ziyini izimpawu?
Lena inkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. Indlela izimpawu ezibonakala ngayo ingahluka kuye ngohlobo lwesifo. Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu ezenzeka kubantu abadala nakwabesifazane zingaba zingaqondakali kahle. Kodwa akukuhle ukuzishaya indiva lezi zimpawu.
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko ezikuthebula elingezansi.
| Izimpawu ezihlobene nenhliziyo | Izimpawu zokuvaleka kweminye imithambo yegazi emzimbeni |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki esifubeni (i-Angina): Umuzwa wokuqina, isisindo, noma ukuqina esifubeni. | Ukuqaqamba emilenzeni, ikakhulukazi uma uhamba. |
| Ukuphelelwa umoya: Ukuphelelwa umoya , ukukhathala, ngisho noma uhamba ibanga elifushane noma ukhuphuka izitebhisi. | Amanxeba angapholi emilenzeni. |
| Ukujuluka noma ukuquleka: Ukulahlekelwa ingqondo ngokuzumayo. | Isikhumba esibandayo noma esibomvu emilenzeni. |
| Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu: Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngisho noma ungenzi lutho. | Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze. |
| Ukuba ndikindiki ebusweni noma engalweni/emlenzeni (ngokuvamile ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba). | |
| Ubunzima bokukhuluma, ukubona, noma ukuhamba (lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi). |
Yiziphi ezinye izifo eziyinhloko ezingaphansi kwesigaba sezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi?
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, leli yiqoqo lezifo. Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zezifo esikhuluma ngazo.
- I-Arrhythmia: Lokhu ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma isigqi esibangelwa yiphutha ohlelweni lukagesi lwenhliziyo.
- Isifo Se-Valve: Ama-valve enhliziyo angavuli kahle noma angavali kahle, okubangela ukuba igazi livuza emuva.
- Isifo Semithambo Yenhliziyo: I-cholesterol nezinye izinto ziyanqwabelana emithanjeni yegazi (imithambo yenhliziyo) ezihlinzeka ngegazi enhliziyweni, ziyivimbe. Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko sokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, njengoba sonke sazi.
- Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo: Lokhu akusho ukuthi inhliziyo iyeke ukusebenza. Kuyisimo lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni. Lokhu kungabangela uketshezi olunqwabelanayo emaphashini nasemilenzeni.
- Isifo Semithambo Engasogwini: Ukuncipha noma ukuvaleka kwemithambo ehambisa igazi ezithweni ezingalweni, emilenzeni, noma esiswini.
- Isifo se-Aortic: Izinkinga nge-aorta, umthambo wegazi oyinhloko othwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye ebuchosheni nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Isibonelo, i-aneurysm.
- Isifo Senhliziyo Esizalwa Naso: Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okukhona lapho kuzalwa.
- Isifo Senhliziyo: Izinkinga ngolwelwesi oluncane oluzungeze inhliziyo. Isibonelo, luyavuvukala (i-pericarditis).
- Isifo Semithambo Yegazi: Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ebuchosheni. Imbangela enkulu yesifo sohlangothi.
- I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): I-blood clot emithanjeni ejulile emzimbeni (ikakhulukazi emilenzeni).
Kungani sithola lezi zifo? Yiziphi izinto eziyingozi?
Ayikho imbangela eyodwa yesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Izimbangela ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwesifo. Isibonelo, imbangela eyinhloko 'yeSifo seMithambo Yenhliziyo' kanye 'neSifo seMithambo Yenhliziyo Engaphelele' ukubekwa kwamafutha anjenge-cholesterol ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi (i-Atherosclerosis).
Kodwa-ke, izici eziyingozi ezandisa amathuba okuthola lezi zifo zitholakale ngokucacile. Ezinye zalezi zinto singazilawula. Ezinye asikwazi ukuzilawula.
| Isici Sengozi | Lokhu kusho... |
|---|---|
| Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension) | Sonke sikhuluma ngokwanda 'kwengcindezi'. Uma lokhu kungalawulwa, kuzolimaza inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. |
| I-cholesterol ephezulu (i-Hyperlipidemia) | Amazinga akhuphukayo e-cholesterol 'embi' egazini. Yilokhu okwakheka emithanjeni yegazi. |
| Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi | Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubhema, ukufutha ugwayi, kanye nokuhlafuna ugwayi. Lokhu kulimaza ngqo imithambo yegazi. |
| Isifo Sikashukela (Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2) | Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini abangela umonakalo emithanjeni yegazi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. |
| Umlando womndeni | Uma omunye wezihlobo zakho eziseduze (abazali, abafowenu nodadewenu) eke waba nesifo senhliziyo esemncane, nawe usengozini enkulu. |
| Ukuntuleka komsebenzi womzimba | Ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa ngaphandle kokuzivocavoca. |
| Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile | Isisindo somzimba esiningi ngobude. |
| Ukudla okungenampilo | Ukudla ukudla okunosawoti omningi, ushukela, namafutha (ikakhulukazi amafutha agcwele). |
| Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokweqile | Ukuphuza utshwala obuningi kakhulu. |
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo ngokunembile?
Uma unezimpawu noma izinto eziyingozi, udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokukubuza umbuzo. Uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho, umlando womndeni wakho, kanye nendlela yakho yokuphila. Ngemuva kwalokho bazokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenziwa izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ukuqinisekisa ngokunembile lesi sifo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Umsebenzi wegazi ungalinganisa i-cholesterol, amazinga kashukela, kanye namaprotheni akhethekile abonisa impilo yenhliziyo.
- I-Ankle Brachial Index (ABI): Ukuhlolwa okulula okuqhathanisa umfutho wegazi emilenzeni nasezingalweni ukuze kuhlolwe ukuvaleka kwemithambo emilenzeni.
- I-Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Iqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo, okukuvumela ukuthi ubone izinto ezifana nesigqi sokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nezimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukudala isithombe esifana nevidiyo senhliziyo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ngokucacile amakamelo enhliziyo, ama-valve, nokuthi ipompa kanjani igazi.
- I-Ultrasound Scan: Amagagasi omsindo angasetshenziswa ukubona ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni emilenzeni nasentanyeni.
- I-Cardiac CT kanye ne-MRI Scan: Lokhu kungaveza izithombe ezicacile kakhulu zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka (Ukuzivocavoca i-EKG): I-EKG ithathwa ngenkathi uhamba noma ugijima ku-treadmill. Lokhu kungabona ukuthi ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni yakho kwehla yini ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca.
- I-Catheterization Yenhliziyo (i-Angiogram): Ipayipi elincane kakhulu lidluliselwa emthanjeni ongalweni noma emlenzeni liye emithanjeni yenhliziyo, kufakwe uketshezi olukhethekile, futhi ama-X-ray angasetshenziswa ukubona kahle ukuthi imithambo ivinjiwe kuphi.
Wenzani njengokwelashwa?
Indlela yokwelapha incike esimweni sakho kanye nobunzima baso. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kungahlukaniswa izingxenye eziningana eziyinhloko.
1. Izinguquko Zendlela Yokuphila
Lesi yisisekelo sokwelashwa.
- Ukudla okunempilo: Yidla usawoti omncane, ushukela, namafutha, bese udla imifino eminingi, izithelo, amakhambi, nokudla okucebile nge-fiber.
- Ukuzivocavoca okuvamile: Vivinya okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, izinsuku eziningi zesonto.
- Ukuzithiba ngokuphelele ekubhemeni: Kubalulekile ukuyeka yonke imikhiqizo kagwayi, okuhlanganisa nokuvasa i-vape.
2. Imithi
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi ehlukahlukene yokulawula umfutho wegazi lakho, i-cholesterol, isifo sikashukela, ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi, nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha le mithi njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekutshelile.
3. Izinqubo noma Ukuhlinzwa
Lokhu kungadingeka ezimweni lapho imithi yodwa ingakwazi ukulawula lesi simo.
- Ukubopha: Ukubeka ipayipi elincane elifana ne-mesh ngaphakathi komthambo ovalekile ukuze ulivule kabusha.
- Ukuhlinzwa Kokudlula:Ukudlula umthambo ovalekile, ukudala indlela entsha kusetshenziswa ucezu lomthambo oluthathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba.
- Ukuqothula: 'Ukuncibilikisa' nokubhubhisa izindawo enhliziyweni ezithumela izimpawu zikagesi ezinephutha ezibangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.
4. Ukuvuselelwa Kwenhliziyo
Lolu uhlelo lokuzivocavoca oluqondiswa ngokwezokwelapha kanye nokwelulekwa olungasiza ekuqiniseni inhliziyo.
Kunini lapho udinga ukubona udokotela ngokushesha noma ukuya e-ETU?
Kunezimpawu ezithile okungafanele uzishaye indiva . Lezi kungaba izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe, ukuqina, ukusinda, noma ukungakhululeki (ikakhulukazi uma ukhathele)
- Ukuquleka okungazelelwe (i-syncope) noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
- Ukuphefumula kanzima (ikakhulukazi uma kusha noma kuba kubi kakhulu)
- Ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki ezingalweni/emilenzeni.
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu emhlane, njengokungathi buyadabula.
Ungazinaki lezi zimpawu. Ukwelashwa ngesikhathi kungasindisa impilo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo senhliziyo akuyona isifo esisodwa, kodwa iqoqo lezifo ezithinta inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
- Hlala uqaphele izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, kanye nokuquleka.
- Kubalulekile ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho, i-cholesterol, nesifo sikashukela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thola ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha.
- Yeka ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala ngokungadingekile ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuwusizo olukhulu enhliziyweni yakho.
- Yenza ukudla okunempilo kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba nsuku zonke kube yingxenye yempilo yakho.
- Sebenzisa umuthi njengoba nje udokotela emyalile, ngesikhathi asho ngaso.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezinkulu, ungangabazi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha noma uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela.
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