Ingabe lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu ekhanda? Ingabe lokhu kungaba yi-Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis?

Wake waba nokulimala okuncane ebusweni noma inkinga ye-sinus eyakwenza waba nekhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu? Wake waba namehlo avuvukile futhi waba nobunzima bokubona? Ngezinye izikhathi asizinaki lezi zinto, kodwa zingaba yingozi kakhulu futhi zidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esibi abantu abaningi abangasazi, esibizwa ngokuthi i-Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis .

Iyini le cavernous sinus thrombosis?

Kalula nje, i-Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis yilapho kwakheka ihlule legazi ezindaweni ezincane ngaphakathi kwekhanda lakho, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwamehlo akho, ngaphansi kobuchopho bakho okubizwa ngokuthi ama-Cavernous Sinuses . Cabanga ngala ma-sinuses njengemihume emincane lapho imithambo eminingi ihlangana khona. Imithambo eminingi eyinhloko ekhipha igazi ebusweni bakho nasebuchosheni bakho idlula kulezi. Umthambo we-jugular , umthambo omkhulu entanyeni yakho, nawo uxhumene nala ma-sinuses e-cavernous. Ngakho-ke, uma ihlule legazi lenzeka kwenye yale mithambo (evame ukubangelwa ukutheleleka), ihlule livimba ukugeleza kwegazi liphume ebuchosheni bakho. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu, njengoba kungabangela umonakalo wesikhathi eside ebuchosheni bakho, emehlweni, nasezinhlungwini. Lesi yisimo esingaba yingozi empilweni uma singelashwa ngokushesha.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Empeleni, lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis asivamile. Okusho ukuthi, akuyona into evame ukubonwa. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi zingaki ngempela izimo ezibikwayo ngonyaka, siphansi kakhulu. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngemva kokutholakala kwama-antibiotic , inani lemibiko yalesi sifo lehle kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi ukutheleleka, okuyimbangela eyinhloko yalezi zinhlayiya zegazi, kungelapheka ngama-antibiotic, lezo zifo manje azisenakwenzeka ukuba zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? Ungakubona kanjani?

Into eyingozi kakhulu ngalokhu ukuthi izimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu ngokushesha okukhulu. Esinye sezimpawu eziyinhloko eziza kuqala ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu. Lokhu akufani nekhanda elibuhlungu elivamile. Liyikhanda elingaphezi ngisho nangemva kokuthatha imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu, futhi liya liba libi usuku nosuku. Lingavela ngokuzumayo futhi libe libi kakhulu, noma linganda kancane kancane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Lobuhlungu buvame ukuzwakala eduze kweso elilodwa, eduze kwamehlo womabili, noma ngemuva kwamehlo.

Lezi zimpawu zibangelwa ukucindezela okukhulu ngaphakathi kwe-cavernous sinus ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwegazi. Qaphela ukuthi unalezi zimpawu:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elibukhali nelinzima elingapheli ngisho nangemva kokuthatha imithi.
• Ukuvuvukala kweso elilodwa noma amabili kamuva, ngezinye izikhathi nomuzwa wokuvuvuka kwamehlo.
• Ukugoba kwamehlo, njengokungathi iso livalekile kancane (`amehlo agobile`).
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu lapho uzama ukuhambisa iso elilodwa noma womabili.
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa iso elilodwa noma womabili, kunamathele ohlangothini olulodwa.
• Umbono ofiphele, ukulahlekelwa umbono ocacile.
• Ukubona okuphindwe kabili.
• Ukuba ndikindiki noma ukulahlekelwa umuzwa ebusweni, ikakhulukazi eduze kwamehlo.
• Kushisa kakhulu.
• Abanye abantu bangase babe nesifo sokuwa.

Kubaluleke kakhulu: Uma ingelashwa, i-cavernous sinus thrombosis ingaba yimbi kancane kancane, okubangela ukuthi isiguli sidideke futhi sozele. Lokhu kungaholela e-coma ngisho nasekufeni. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho ubona lezi zimpawu, ngaphambi kokuba isimo siqhubekele kuleli qophelo.

Lokhu kwenzeka ngokushesha kangakanani?

Ngokuvamile, i-cavernous sinus thrombosis yenzeka ezinsukwini ezi-5 kuya kweziyi-10 ngemva kokutheleleka okungalashwanga ebusweni noma ekhanda lakho (isibonelo, i-sinus, izinyo, noma indlebe). Uphawu lokuqala ikhanda elibuhlungu. Izimpawu zamehlo (njengokuvuvukala, ukuvuvukala) zingavela ngokuzumayo, ngokushesha ngemva kwekhanda elibuhlungu, noma zingase zikhule kancane kancane.

Yini ebangela lokhu? Kungani lokhu kwenzeka?

Cabanga ngalokhu. Uneqhubu elincane ebusweni bakho, mhlawumbe ohlangothini lwekhala lakho, noma endebeni yakho ephezulu. Noma unesifo sezinyo. Awulinaki kakhulu, ucabanga ukuthi, 'Kuyinto encane nje, izoziphelela.' Kodwa, ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kuleyo ndawo encane kuvame ukuholela kulesi simo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis . Okusho ukuthi, kuza njengenkinga yokutheleleka.

Okwenzekayo yilokhu: Igazi elisemithanjeni yakho ye-cavernous sinus liyagoba ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusabalala kokutheleleka. Kuyindlela yokuzivikela yomzimba. Kodwa esikhundleni sokuvimbela ukusabalala kokutheleleka, leli qhubu legazi liyabamba ukutheleleka. Bese igazi liyayeka ukuphuma ebuchosheni. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwe-cavernous sinus ikhuphuke, okubangela izimpawu okukhulunywe ngazo ekuqaleni.

Izinhlobo zezifo ezithinta kakhulu lokhu yilezi:

• Ukutheleleka kwama-sinus (sinusitis). Ukutheleleka emathunjini azungeze ikhala.
• Amathumba noma amathumba akheka ngaphansi kwesikhumba ebusweni, ikakhulukazi eduze kwekhala kanye nodebe olungaphezulu.
• Amathumba amazinyo.
• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe, ikakhulukazi ukutheleleka kwendlebe ephakathi.

Ezimweni eziningi, cishe ama-70% amacala, imbangela yibhaktheriya elithi `Staphylococcus aureus` . Leli yibhaktheriya elivame kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ezinye izinhlobo zamabhaktheriya kanye nezinye izinhlobo zesikhunta nazo zingabangela ukutheleleka okubangela i-cavernous thrombosis. Muva nje, kuye kwabikwa amacala amaningana e-cavernous sinus thrombosis ahlobene nokutheleleka kwe -`COVID-19` .

Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi leli hlule legazi livele ngenxa yokulimala okukhulu ekhanda, kunokuba kube ngenxa yokutheleleka.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Kungaba nzima kancane ukuxilonga, njengoba izimpawu zakhona zifana nezezinye izimo ezivamile, njengokutheleleka kwamehlo, i-migraine, noma ezinye izimo zezinzwa.

Kodwa-ke, ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho, ikakhulukazi uma okwamanje unesifo sobuso noma se-sinus noma uke waba naso muva nje, udokotela wakho angase asole ukuthi i-cavernous sinus thrombosis ibangelwa yizimpawu zakho.

Ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kungenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe.
• I-MRI (I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ubuchopho kanye nendawo ye-cavernous sinus ngokucacile, okubaluleke kakhulu ekutholeni ukuthi kukhona yini i-blood clot.
• Isikeni se-`CT` (Computed Tomography): Lokhu kungabheka futhi amahlule egazi kanye nezimpawu zokutheleleka.
• I-MRV (i-Magnetic Resonance Venogram ene-MRI): Lena yindlela ebucayi kakhulu yokuxilonga lesi sifo. Kule MRV, udokotela ufaka uketshezi olukhethekile (udayi wokungafani) emthanjeni wakho. I-MRI ingabe isibona kahle ukugeleza kwegazi kanye nokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi.
• Ukuhlolwa kokukhula kwamagciwane. Udokotela wakho uzohlola igazi lakho noma olunye uketshezi lomzimba (njengoketshezi oluvela ema-sinuses akho noma ubomvu obuvela esilondeni) ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini amagciwane noma ezinye izifo ezibangela ukutheleleka. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni amagciwane aqondile futhi kunikeze umuthi ofanele wokwelapha amabhaktheriya.
• Ukubhoboza umgogodla/umgogodla. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungabona ukuthi ukutheleleka kusakazekele yini emaqabungeni amboze ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla (ama-meninges). Uma kunjalo, kubizwa ngokuthi i-meningitis . I-Meningitis iyinkinga eyingozi ye-cavernous sinus thrombosis. Kulokhu kuhlolwa, udokotela ufaka inalithi encane emhlane wakho ongezansi bese ethatha isampula yoketshezi lomgogodla. Uketshezi luhlolwa amagciwane nezinye izimpawu zokutheleleka.

Okubalulekile: Ngenxa yokuthi i-cavernous sinus thrombosis iyisifo esisongela ukuphila, esiqhubeka ngokushesha, udokotela angase aqale ukwelashwa ngokusekelwe ekusolweni ngaphambi kokuba ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswe ngokugcwele. Ngoba umzuzwana ngamunye ubalulekile lapha.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu? Ingabe kungelapheka?

Yebo, ukwelashwa okusheshayo nokufanelekile kungalawula lesi simo futhi kusindise izimpilo. Kodwa-ke, uma ukwelashwa kubambezeleka, isimo singaba sibi kakhulu. Cishe uzolaliswa eYunithi Yokunakekelwa Okujulile (ICU) yesibhedlela.Uzokwamukelwa. Khona-ke odokotela kanye nabasebenzi abahlengikazi bangakuqapha eduze amahora angama-24 ngosuku.

Okulandelayo yizindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko:

• Ama-antibiotic. Lokhu ukwelashwa okuyinhloko. Udokotela wakho uzokuqala ngama-antibiotic e-intravenous (IV) anamandla aphezulu ukubulala ukutheleleka okubangela ukuqhekeka kwegazi. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lokhu kuyinqubo ethatha isikhathi, ngakho-ke unganikezwa ama-antibiotic ngaphambi kokuba ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga kukwazi ukukhomba imbangela eqondile yokutheleleka (amagciwane noma isikhunta). Ukuze ube sohlangothini oluphephile, uzonikezwa ama-antibiotic e-broad-spectrum angabulala amagciwane ahlukahlukene (ikakhulukazi amagciwane avamile njenge-S. aureus) . Kamuva, uma imiphumela yokukhula isibuyile, ungashintshelwa ku-antibiotic efaneleka kakhulu. Kuzodingeka uqhubeke nalokhu kwelashwa esibhedlela amasonto ambalwa.
• Ama-blood thinner (ama-anticoagulant). Ungase unikezwe ama-blood thinner (ama-blood thinner) njenge-heparin ukuvimbela i-clot ukuthi ikhule, ukuze incibilike kancane kancane, futhi uvimbele ukwakheka kwama-clot amasha.
• Ama-anticoagulant (ama-blood thinner) anganikezwa ngemithambo yegazi noma ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Kuzodingeka uwathathe la ma-blood thinner ngesimo samaphilisi izinyanga eziningana ngemva kokwelashwa kokuqala.
• Ama-Corticosteroids. Udokotela wakho angase akunike ama-steroid ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala okubangela ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwama-sinuses akho. Kodwa-ke, lawa anikezwa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi usuqale ama-antibiotic ukulawula ukutheleleka futhi ukutheleleka sekulawulekile.
• Ukuhlinzwa. Kwezinye izimo, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kuhlanzwe umthombo wokutheleleka (isib. ukutheleleka kwe-sinus, ithumba lamazinyo) futhi kususwe noma yikuphi ubomvu noma olunye uketshezi oluqongelelekile. Lokhu kungasiza ekulawuleni ukutheleleka ngokushesha.

Yini esingayilindela uma lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izinkinga?

Ngaphambi kokuba kutholakale ama-antibiotic, i-cavernous sinus thrombosis yayivame ukubulala. Kodwa manje, ngentuthuko kwesayensi yezokwelapha, abantu abangaphezu kuka-70% abathola lesi sifo bayasinda. Lokho kuyimpumelelo enkulu.

Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe bayasinda, abantu abaningi bangaba nezinkinga ngoba lesi yisimo esithinta ubuchopho kanye nemizwa. Isibonelo, cishe ama-20% abantu abalulama ekushayweni yi-cavernous sinus thrombosis bangase baqhubeke nokuba nezinkinga zokubona (ukubona okuphazamisekile, ubumpumputhe) kanye nezinkinga zezinzwa (ukungazweli kobuso, ubunzima bokuhambisa amehlo abo) .

Ezinye izinkinga ezingaba khona yilezi:

• Ubuhlungu bekhanda obubuhlungu obuhlala bukhona.
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuphelele kwelinye noma kuwo womabili amehlo.
• Ukuquleka okuqhubekayo kwesifo sokuwa.
• I-Meningitis (ukutheleleka kwezicubu ezimboze ubuchopho).
• I-Sepsis (ukusabalala kokutheleleka egazini).

Enye into ukuthi ukuba ne-cavernous sinus thrombosis kukubeka engcupheni yokuthola amanye amahlule egazi ayingozi, njengezingqimba zegazi emilenzeni yakho ( Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT ), amahlule egazi aya emaphashini akho ( Pulmonary Embolism - PE ), noma amahlule egazi akheka kwenye indawo ebuchosheni bakho ( Stroke ).

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuvuleleka kudokotela wakho mayelana nezinkinga ezingaba khona zesimo sakho. Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zezinkinga ukuze ukwazi ukuzivimbela noma nini lapho kungenzeka.

Kunini lapho kufanele ufune khona iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha?

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli ngisho nangemva kokuthatha imithi yokubulala izinhlungu, futhi liya liba libi kakhulu.
• Uma ikhanda lihambisana nobuhlungu, lokho kuya ngokuya kuba kubi uma ulele phansi noma ugobile.
• Uma iso elilodwa noma womabili eqala ukuzwa ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala.
• Uma uzizwa ugula kakhulu, ubuthakathaka, noma ulele kakhulu.
• Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula.
• Uma unomkhuhlane omkhulu, ukubanda, nokuthuthumela.

Izimpawu ezinjengalezi zibonisa ukuthi kungenzeka kube nesimo esiphuthumayo.

Yimiphi imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi unalesi simo, ungase uzizwe ukhathazekile. Kodwa, ukuze ukhululeke futhi uthole ukuqonda okucacile ngesimo sakho kanye nokwelashwa, ungakhohlwa ukubuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo:

• Yini ngempela enginayo? Kubaluleke kangakanani lokhu?
• Uhlobo luni lokwelashwa engiludingayo? Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani?
• Iyini imiphumela emibi yalezi zindlela zokwelapha?
• Kuzodingeka ngihlale isikhathi esingakanani esibhedlela?
• Angakanani amathuba okuba ngibe nezinkinga zesikhathi eside ngenxa yaleli qhubu legazi? Ziyini? Zingavinjelwa?
• Yiziphi izinguquko okuzodingeka ngizenze empilweni yami yansuku zonke ngenxa yalezi zinkinga?
• Angakanani amathuba okuthi ngiphinde ngithole lesi simo? Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngisivimbele?
• Yiziphi izinto okufanele ngizinakekele ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya?

Izimpendulo zale mibuzo zizoba zibaluleke kakhulu kuwe.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Kungaba yinto esabekayo ukwazi ukuthi into evamile njengokutheleleka kwe-sinus noma iqhubu elincane ebusweni bakho lingaholela ekuqhekekeni kwegazi okusongela impilo. I-Cavernous sinus thrombosis — iqhubu legazi elakheka ebusweni noma ekhanda lakho ngenxa yokutheleleka — empeleni kuyisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ikhanda lakho noma ubuhlungu bamehlo buyisibonakaliso sento engathi sína kakhulu. Kungaba uphawu lwento engathi sína kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule njalo ukwelapha noma yikuphi ukutheleleka - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungabonakala kuncane kangakanani - ngokushesha nangokufanele. Qaphela kakhulu ukutheleleka okwenzeka ebusweni, ekhaleni, emlonyeni, namehlo. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo okunjalo kungasiza kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukwakheka kwesimo esibi kangaka. Ngakho-ke, kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma unezimpawu ezingavamile, noma ngabe zincane. Naka izimpawu umzimba wakho okunikeza zona!

I- Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis, Ukugoba kwegazi ebuchosheni, Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba, Ukutheleleka kobuso, Ikhanda elibuhlungu, Ukuvuvukala kwamehlo, Ama-antibiotic, Izinkinga ze-neurological