Khumbula ngesikhathi siseyizingane, uma ingane eyodwa ekilasini ithola i-chickenpox, ingxenye yekilasi yayizohlala ekhaya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Babeba nama-blister emzimbeni wonke futhi balume izinsuku eziningi, okwakucasula kakhulu. Kwabanye, i-chickenpox "isifo sikankulunkulu" esidinga ukuba bahlale ekhaya. Kodwa kulezi zinsuku, i-chickenpox ayivamile kakhulu. Akuvamile ukubona i-chickenpox isakazeka njengobhubhane ezikoleni. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu umuthi wokugomela i-chickenpox . Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngalo muthi wokugomela i-chickenpox, obaluleke kakhulu enganeni yakho nakuwe.
Kalula nje, uyini umgomo we-Varicella?
Umuthi wokugomela i-chickenpox uwumuthi wokugomela ovikela wena noma ingane yakho ku-chickenpox. Ngokuvamile unikezwa ochungechungeni lwemithamo emibili . I-chickenpox yisifo esithelelanayo kakhulu esibangela ukuqubuka nokulunywa emzimbeni wonke. Ngezinye izikhathi futhi ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu.
Uma lo muthi wokugomela unikezwa, abantu abaningi bavikelekile ngokuphelele ekutholeni i-chickenpox. Ngisho noma inani elincane labantu lithola lesi sifo, ngokuvamile kuyisifo esincane . Lo muthi wokugomela usivikela ekutholeni isifo esibi kakhulu.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukugomela ingane yakho akuvikeli nje umndeni wakho, kodwa nabanye abaseduze nawe. Lokhu kuyasiza kakhulu kulabo abangakwazi ukugonywa (isibonelo, labo abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka) futhi abangagula kakhulu uma bethola i-chickenpox.
Kalula nje, lapho abantu abaningi emphakathini begonywa, kulapho sonke siphephile khona. I-Chickenpox ibangelwa yigciwane le-varicella-zoster . Yingakho lo muthi wokugomela ubizwa nangokuthi "i-Varicella Vaccine" ngokwezokwelapha.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zemithi yokugomela i-chickenpox enikezwa eSri Lanka?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemithi yokugomela i-chickenpox evunyelwe ukusetshenziswa emhlabeni. Lezi ziyatholakala nasemkhakheni ozimele eSri Lanka.
1. I-Varivax®: Lona umuthi wokugomela ovikela kuphela i-chickenpox. Unganikezwa izingane ezingaphezu kwezinyanga ezingu-12 ubudala kanye nabantu abadala.
2. I-ProQuad® (umuthi wokugomela i-MMRV): Lo muthi wokugomela awuvikeli nje kuphela emkhuhlaneni wenkukhu, kodwa futhi nasesimeni, emathunjini, kanye ne-rubella. Yingakho ubizwa ngokuthi umuthi wokugomela i-MMRV . Uvunyelwe kuphela izingane ezineminyaka eyi-12 kuya kweyi-12 ubudala.
Ngakho-ke umehluko uyini phakathi kwalezi ezimbili?
Yomibili imijovo ihlinzeka ngesivikelo esifanayo ngokumelene ne-chickenpox. Kodwa-ke, umjovo we-MMRV uphinde uhlinzeke ngesivikelo ezifweni ezintathu ezengeziwe. Kodwa nansi into encane. Uma ingane engaphansi kwezinyanga ezingu-48 (iminyaka engu-4) inikezwa umthamo wokuqala we-MMRV, ingozi yemiphumela emibi, njengomkhuhlane noma ukuquleka komkhuhlane, iphakeme kancane kunalapho imijovo emibili inikezwa ngokwehlukana.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi koHlelo Lukazwelonke Lokugoma eSri Lanka, umuthi wokugomela i-MMR kanye nomuthi wokugomela i-chickenpox ngokuvamile unikezwa ngokwehlukana. Emkhakheni ozimele, ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho bese ukhetha indlela efanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe eminyakeni kanye nesimo sengane yakho.
| Uhlobo lomjovo | Incazelo | Ifanelekela bani? |
|---|---|---|
| I-Varivax® | Ihlinzeka ngesivikelo ku-chickenpox kuphela. | Kubantwana abangaphezu kwezinyanga ezingu-12 kanye nabantu abadala. |
| I-ProQuad® (MMRV) | Ihlinzeka ngesivikelo kuzo zonke izifo ezine: i-chickenpox, i-measles, i-mumps, kanye ne-rubella. | Kubantwana kusukela ezinyangeni ezingu-12 kuya eminyakeni engu-12. |
Udokotela wakho uzokutshela okwengeziwe ngalezi zinketho futhi akusize ukhethe okulungele ingane yakho.
Ubani okufanele athole lo muthi wokugomela?
Ngokuvamile, lo muthi wokugoma unconywa kubo bonke abantwana nabantu abadala abangakaze babe ne-chickenpox ngaphambili futhi abangazange bathole umuthi wokugoma ophelele. "Ukwamukelwa ngokugcwele" kusho ukuthi womabili amanani omthi wokugoma amukelwe.
Uhlelo lokugoma lwezingane
Uhlelo lokugoma olunconyiwe lwezingane lumi kanje:
- Umthamo wokuqala: Uneminyaka ephakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-12 nezingu-15 ubudala.
- Umthamo wesibili: Uneminyaka ephakathi kuka-4 no-6 ubudala.
Uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo, umthamo wesibili unganikezwa ezinyangeni ezi-3 ngemuva komthamo wokuqala. Udokotela wakho wezingane uzokweluleka ngalokhu.
Ingabe abantu abadala badinga ukugonywa?
Yebo, impela. Abanye abantu abadala kungenzeka ukuthi abazange babe ne-chickenpox beseyizingane. Umuthi wokugoma wawungatholakali kabanzi ngaleso sikhathi. Ngakho-ke akukho sivikelo kubantu abanjalo. Ungacabangi ukuthi i-chickenpox iyisifo esincane esithinta izingane kuphela. Lapho abantu abadala bethola i-chickenpox, kungenzeka ukuthi ibe nzima kakhulu futhi ibangele izinkinga ezinkulu njenge-pneumonia kanye nokutheleleka kobuchopho.
Ngakho-ke uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi wake waba ne-chickenpox yini ngaphambili, noma ukuthi wake wagonywa, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Bangase bakwazi ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze babone ukuthi awukagonywa yini yi-chickenpox. Uma ungenjalo, lokho kusho ukuthi awukaze ube nalesi sifo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukugonywa.
Kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abadala abalandelayo ukuthi bagonywe:
- Abantu abasebenza emkhakheni wezempilo (njengodokotela, abahlengikazi).
- Othisha besikole noma labo abasebenza ezinkulisa.
- Abantu abasebenza noma abahlala ezindaweni zokuhlala njengezindawo zokuhlala zasebekhulile.
- Abantu abahlala noma abanakekela umuntu onesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka.
- Abesifazane abanethemba lokukhulelwa.
- Abantu abahlala nezingane ezincane.
- Abafundi baseyunivesithi.
- Labo abasenkonzweni yezempi.
- Abantu abahamba njalo kwamanye amazwe.
Ingabe bakhona abantu okungafanele bathole umuthi wokugomela i-chickenpox?
Yebo, abanye abantu abafaneleki kulo muthi wokugoma. Odokotela batusa ukungawutholi umuthi wokugoma noma ukuwuhlehlisa ngenxa yezimo ezithile zezokwelapha, imithi, noma ezinye izizathu.
Uma wena noma ingane yakho niwela kwesinye sezigaba ezilandelayo, qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthola umuthi wokugoma:
- Uma unesifo sokuzivikela komzimba noma uthatha imithi ethinta isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela komzimba.
- Uma ilungu lomndeni eliseduze (abazali, izingane zakubo) linomzimba obuthakathaka.
- Uma unesifo sofuba.
- Uma ukhulelwe noma unethemba lokukhulelwa.
- Uma uthatha imithi efana ne-aspirin nama-steroid (isib. i-prednisone).
- Uma unomdlavuza.
- Uma usanda kuthola igazi noma imikhiqizo yegazi.
- Uma uthole omunye umuthi wokugomela igciwane eliphilayo ezinsukwini ezingu-28 ezedlule.
- Uma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba nomgomo we-chickenpox noma yini ekuwo.
- Uma unezinye izifo ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu.
Udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela lezi zimo futhi akunike iseluleko esifanele kakhulu.
Ingabe kukhona imiphumela emibi noma izingozi emgomeni?
Umuthi wokugomela i-chickenpox ngokuvamile uwumuthi wokugomela ophephile kakhulu . Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, ungabangela imiphumela emibi emincane. Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu akukubi kakhulu futhi kuzophela ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi evamile, emincane | |
| Ubuhlungu | Ubuhlungu, ukubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yomjovo. |
| Imfiva | Ukuba nomkhuhlane omncane. |
| I-eczema encane | Ama-blister amancane ambalwa endaweni yokujova noma kwenye indawo emzimbeni. |
| Ubuhlungu bamalunga | Ubuhlungu noma ukuqina kwamalunga okwesikhashana. |
| Imiphumela emibi engavamile kakhulu, emibi kakhulu | |
| I-eczema enzima | Ukuqhuma okukhulu okusakazeka emzimbeni wonke. |
| Ezinye izifo | Izifo ezifana ne-pneumonia noma i-meningitis. |
| Ukuxhuzula okubangelwa umkhuhlane | Ukuquleka okubangelwa umkhuhlane (ukuquleka okubangelwa umkhuhlane omkhulu). |
Isimo Esiphuthumayo! Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi wokugoma, ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (i-anaphylaxis) kungenzeka kaningi kakhulu. Uma wena noma ingane yakho nizwa izimpawu ezilandelayo, hambani niye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
- Ama-Hives (ama-hives)
- Ukuvuvukala kobuso nomphimbo
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
- Isiyezi noma ubuthakathaka
Ngingayithola yini i-chickenpox noma ngithola umuthi wokugomela?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo. Impendulo ithi,Kunethuba elincane kakhulu, kodwa kungenzeka. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-breakthrough varicella . Lokho kusho ukuthi lesi sifo sidlula ekuvikelekeni okunikezwa umuthi wokugomela.
Kodwa into ebalulekile lapha ukuthi uma umuntu othole imithamo yomibili yomjovo ethola i-chickenpox, ivame ukuba mnene kakhulu. Kukhona amabhamuza ambalwa nje, akukho ukulunywa okukhulu, futhi akukho mkhuhlane, futhi kuyaphela ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu.
Umuntu othole umthamo owodwa kuphela womuthi wokugoma angase abe nezimpawu ezifanayo nezomuntu ongakagonywa. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthola womabili umthamo ukuze avikeleke ngokuphelele.
Kufanele ukhulume nini nodokotela wakho?
Kuvamile ukuba nemibuzo nokukhathazeka ngemithi yokugoma. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho nganoma yini ekukhathazayo. Bangakunikeza ulwazi olunembile nolusesikhathini.
Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho niyawudinga yini umuthi wokugoma.
- Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho niyitholile yini yomibili imithamo yomjovo.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuphepha komjovo.
- Uma ufuna ukwazi ngesimiso sokugoma.
- Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngezinzuzo kanye nezingozi zomuthi wokugomela i-chickenpox.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-chickenpox yisifo esingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi kubantu asebekhulile, abesifazane abakhulelwe, kanye nalabo abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka. Ngakho-ke ungayithathi kalula.
- Umuthi wokugomela i-chickenpox uyindlela ephephile nephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela i-chickenpox. Usetshenziswe emhlabeni wonke amashumi eminyaka.
- Kubalulekile ukuthola imithamo yomibili yomjovo ukuze uvikeleke ngokuphelele futhi impilo yakho yonke.
- Njalo xoxa nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho ngaphambi kokuzigomela wena noma ingane yakho.
- Ukugoma akuvikeli nje kuphela ingane yakho, kodwa futhi nomphakathi wonke, ikakhulukazi abantu abasengozini.
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