Inhliziyo ifana nenjini yomzimba wethu. Ngakho-ke, ukuze le njini iqhubeke isebenza, idinga ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi njalo, okungukuthi, umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba. Ukuze inhliziyo ikwazi ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke, kunesistimu ehlukile yemithambo emincane ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi imithambo yenhliziyo. Ilungu elibaluleke kakhulu laleso simiso yi-'Circumflex Artery'. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi ubani lo, wenzani, nokuthi kwenzekani uma enenkinga.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Circumflex Artery?
Kulungile, cabanga ngale ndlela. Sinemithambo emibili emikhulu yenhliziyo ethwala igazi liye enhliziyweni yethu. Owesokudla nowesobunxele. Lo mthambo wenhliziyo oyinhloko wesobunxele uhlukana ube amanye amagatsha amabili amakhulu. Elinye lalawo magatsha yi-'Circumflex Artery' (elinye libizwa ngokuthi 'umthambo we-Left Anterior Descending (LAD)`). Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi babiza lokhu ngokuthi 'umthambo we-LCx' ngamafuphi.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko walo mthambo ukuhlinzeka ngegazi elihlanzekile, elinomoya-mpilo emakamelweni okupompa ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo yethu. Okungukuthi:
- I-atrium yangakwesobunxele - Lapho igazi elinomoya-mpilo elivela emaphashini liqala ukuqoqana khona.
- I-ventricle yesobunxele - Igumbi eliyinhloko nelinamandla kakhulu lenhliziyo elipompa igazi liye emzimbeni wonke.
- Imisipha ye-papillary ngaphakathi kwe-ventricle yesobunxele.
Kwabanye abantu, lo mthambo we-'circumflex' unesinye umsebenzi okhethekile. Lokho ukuhlinzeka ngegazi ku-'sinoatrial (SA) node', elawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo, isebenza 'njenge -pacemaker yemvelo yenhliziyo.' Kodwa kubantu abaningi, lo msebenzi wenziwa umthambo we-coronary ofanele.
Ikuphi le mithambo? Ingabe iyahluma?
Umthambo we-circumflex utholakala ngaphakathi kwe-epicardium, ungqimba lwangaphandle oluvikela inhliziyo. Uhamba ngesigaba esifana nomsele phakathi kwamakamelo aphezulu nangaphansi (i-atrium ne-ventricle) ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo.
Yebo, njengamagatsha esihlahla, lo mthambo nawo ukhula ube amagatsha amancane. Inani lala magatsha lingahluka. Ngokuvamile kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamagatsha, abizwa ngokuthi 'amagatsha asemaphethelweni angabonakali.' La magatsha amancane ahamba phansi ngaphandle kwe-ventricle yesobunxele yenhliziyo.
Kuyini 'ukubusa' ekuhlinzekweni kwegazi enhliziyweni?
Lokhu kungokwezokwelapha kancane, kodwa kulula ukukuqonda. Kukhona omunye umthambo obalulekile obizwa ngokuthi i-'posterior descending artery (PDA)' ohlinzeka ngegazi ngemuva kwenhliziyo yethu. Ngakho-ke, 'i-coronary artery dominance' yakho inqunywa ukuthi lo mthambo we-'PDA' emzimbeni wakho uthola igazi elivela kumthambo we-coronary kwesokudla noma igatsha ohlangothini lwesobunxele (okungukuthi i-'Circumflex' noma i-'LAD').
Lokhu kuyinto ehlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu.
| Uhlobo lobukhosi | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Obusa ngakwesokudla | Iningi labantu (cishe ama-85%) linalokhu. Lapha, umthambo we-PDA uthola igazi elivela emthanjeni wenhliziyo ongakwesokudla. |
| Obusa ngakwesobunxele | Lokhu kwenzeka cishe koyedwa kubantu abayishumi. Lapha, umthambo we-PDA uthola igazi elivela emthanjeni we-Circumflex (noma umthambo we-LAD). |
| I-Codominant | Cishe abantu ababili kwabayishumi bangaba nalesi simo. Lapha, i-PDA ithola igazi elivela emithanjeni yesokudla nesobunxele (i-Circumflex noma i-LAD). |
Yiziphi izifo ezithinta i-Circumflex Artery?
Njengeminye imithambo yenhliziyo, isimo esiyinhloko nesiyingozi kakhulu esithinta i-'Circumflex Artery' isifo semithambo yenhliziyo (CAD) . Kalula nje, ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ngamafutha kanye ne-cholesterol deposits.
Njengoba nje ukungcola nokugqwala kwakheka epayipini lamanzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinto ezinjengamafutha ne-cholesterol zikhula kule mithambo yegazi, zakha ungqimba olubizwa ngokuthi `(i-plaque)`. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `(i-atherosclerosis).` Njengoba ungqimba lwe-`plaque`` lukhula kancane kancane, ukugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi kuyancipha. Ekugcineni, ukugeleza kwegazi kuyavinjelwa.
Uma lesi simo singelashwa kahle, singaholela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, noma isifo sohlangothi .
Wazi kanjani ukuthi umthambo uvalekile? Ziyini izimpawu?
I-Angina yenzeka lapho umthambo uba mncane futhi inhliziyo ingatholi igazi elanele.Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina, okwaziwa ngokuthi i-angina. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ngakho-ke kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ngalezi zimpawu.
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha . Kufanele uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu/ukuqina kwesifuba `(i-Angina)` | Ukuzwa ukuqina, ukucindezelwa, kanye nesisindo phakathi kwesifuba. |
| Ubuhlungu obuphuma engalweni yesobunxele, ehlombe, entanyeni, emhlathini | Ubuhlungu buqala esifubeni busakazekele kulezi zindawo. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ukuphefumula kanzima, ubunzima bokuphefumula ngisho noma ungasebenzisi amandla amaningi. |
| Ukuzizwa ubanda futhi ujuluka | Ukuzizwa ubanda futhi ujuluka kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Isiyezi, ukuzizwa sengathi uyajikeleza. | Ukuzizwa unesiyezi kangangokuthi awukwazi ukuma. |
| Ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka | Ukukhathala okukhulu okungazelelwe kanye nobuthakathaka bomzimba. |
Odokotela bahlola kanjani isimo semithambo yegazi?
Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo eziningana ezikhethekile ukuhlola impilo yemithambo yakho yenhliziyo, eyaziwa nangokuthi imithambo ye-'circumflex'.
- I-Catheterization Yenhliziyo (i-Angiogram): Lesi yisilingo esibaluleke kakhulu. Ithubhu elincane lifakwa ngomthambo engalweni noma emlenzeni, lifakwe emithanjeni yenhliziyo, lifakwe uketshezi olukhethekile, bese kuthathwa ama-X-ray ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka kwemithambo.
- I-Coronary Computed Tomography Angiogram (CCTA): Lokhu kuyi-CT scan ekhethekile engaveza izithombe ezintathu-ntathu (3D) zokugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni.
- I-Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS): Lokhu kuhilela ukudlulisa idivayisi encane ye-ultrasound ngaphakathi komthambo, okuvumela ubukhulu kanye nohlobo lwengqimba ye-plaque enamathele odongeni lomthambo ukuthi kubonakale ngokucacile.
- I-Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR): Ukuhlolwa okukala umfutho wegazi ngaphambi nangemva kokuvaleka komthambo ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ukuvaleka kuthinta kangakanani ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.
Uphatha kanjani umthambo ovalekile?
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko okusetshenziselwa ukuvula kabusha umthambo we-circumflex ovinjiwe noma omunye umthambo we-coronary yi- angioplasty kanye ne-stenting .
Kulokhu, ithubhu elincane elineziphetho zebhaluni lidlula emthanjeni liye endaweni evinjiwe, njenge-angiogram. Ibhaluni libe selifuthwa ukuze licindezele i-plaque odongeni lomthambo, kwandiswe ukugeleza kwegazi. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa ithubhu elincane elinoxhumano olubizwa ngokuthi i-stent endaweni ukuze kuvinjelwe indawo encishisiwe ukuthi inganciphi futhi. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina ukugeleza kwegazi okuhle isikhathi eside.
Yini engingayenza ukuze ngigcine inhliziyo yami iphilile?
Kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ukuze ugcine yonke inhliziyo yakho kanye nohlelo lwemithambo yegazi luphilile, hhayi nje kuphela umthambo wakho we-circumflex. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuzifaka endleleni yakho yokuphila.
- Yiba nomzimba osebenzayo: Vivinya umzimba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 cishe izinsuku eziningi zesonto. Ukuhamba, ukugijima, noma ukubhukuda kuyizinketho ezinhle.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, usawoti kanye noshukela. Faka izithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi, izinhlanzi ezincane, kanye nokudla okusanhlamvu okuphelele ekudleni kwakho.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Ukugcina isisindo esifanele ubude bakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele: Ukubhema kungenye yezitha ezinkulu zemithambo yenhliziyo.
- Lawula isifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme: Uma unalezi zimo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze aphuze imithi ebhalwe ngudokotela futhi ayigcine ilawulwa kahle.
- Nciphisa ukucindezeleka: Zama ukuphumula ingqondo yakho ngezinto ezifana ne-yoga nokuzindla.
Ngokulandela lezi zinto, ungaphila impilo ende nenhliziyo enempilo. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nempilo yakho, xhumana nodokotela wakho womndeni ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-'Circumflex Artery' iwumthambo wenhliziyo obaluleke kakhulu ohlinzeka ngegazi ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo yakho.
- Ukufakwa kwamafutha kulo mthambo kungabangela ukuthi uvaleke (CAD), okungaholela ezimweni ezibucayi njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
- Ungalokothi ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukubanda, nokujuluka. Kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo (ukudla okuhle, ukuvivinya umzimba, nokugwema ukubhema) ingavikela imithambo yakho yegazi.
- Uma unenkinga ngempilo yenhliziyo yakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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