Wake wazizwa ukuqina, ukusinda, noma ubuhlungu esifubeni sakho? Abaningi bethu bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyisifo sofuba. Kodwa akuzona zonke izinhlungu zesifuba eziyisifo sofuba. Lokhu kungaba uphawu olubaluleke kakhulu olunikezwa yinhliziyo yakho. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-angina, esivame kubantu abaningi, kodwa esingaziwa kahle.
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Kalula nje, iyini i-angina?
Cabanga ngenhliziyo yethu njengomshini osebenza ngokungayeki. Lo mshini udinga ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi njalo ukuze usebenze kahle. Leli gazi yilona elihlinzeka imisipha yenhliziyo ngomoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezidingayo. Uma ngesizathu esithile, imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi enhliziyweni incipha noma ivalekile, inani legazi elifinyelela enhliziyweni liba lisanele. Ngaleso sikhathi, imisipha yenhliziyo ithumela isignali ithi, 'O, anginalo igazi elanele, nginenkinga.' Leso signali yilokho esikuzwayo njengobuhlungu besifuba, ukuqina, noma ukungakhululeki .
I-Angina akuyona ngempela isifo. Iyisibonakaliso sesifo senhliziyo esingaphansi, ikakhulukazi ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo. Ifana nensimbi yokuxwayisa. Uma inganakwa, ingaholela ezimweni eziyingozi njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo .
Kuzwakala kanjani ubuhlungu be-angina?
Iningi labantu lizwa i-angina njengokucindezeleka noma ubuhlungu esifubeni. Kodwa akubona bonke abantu abazizwa ngendlela efanayo. Abanye abantu bazizwa bengakhululekile kangako kunobuhlungu. Kungaba kanje:
- Ukuzizwa sengathi isifuba sakho siyacindezelwa.
- Umuzwa wokuqina, ukucinana.
- Ukuzizwa sengathi kukhona okusindayo esifubeni sakho.
- Umuzwa oshisayo esifubeni (abanye abantu badidanisa lokhu ne-gastritis).
Lokhu kungakhululeki akugcini esifubeni. Ngezinye izikhathi, lobu buhlungu bungasakazekela emhlathini, emazinyweni, emahlombe, engalweni (ikakhulukazi engalweni yesobunxele), noma emhlane .
Lobuhlungu bungase buhambisane nezinye izimpawu eziningana. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:
- Ukujuluka
- Isiyezi
- Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka
- Ukuqunjelwa noma ukuqunjelwa
- Ukucanuzela noma ukungakhululeki esiswini
- Ukuzizwa sengathi uyabanda
- Isikhumba esikhanyayo kunokujwayelekile
- Ukuzizwa wesaba kakhulu futhi ukhathazekile ngaphandle kwesizathu
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-angina?
Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko ze-angina. Kubalulekile ukuzazi lezi ngoba zihlukile komunye nomunye.
| Uhlobo lwe-angina | Incazelo kanye nomuzwa |
|---|---|
| I-Angina Ezinzile | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Luza ngendlela ethile. Luvame ukwenzeka uma ucindezelekile (isib., ukuzivocavoca, ukukhwela izitebhisi). Ubuhlungu buhlala isikhathi esifushane, cishe imizuzu emi-5. Buphela ngokuphumula noma ngemithi. |
| I-Angina Engazinzile | Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu. Lobuhlungu buvela ngaphandle kwephethini, kungazelelwe. Bungavela ngisho noma umi nje. Ubuhlungu bukhulu kunangaphambili, buvela kaningi, futhi buhlala isikhathi eside (imizuzu eyi-15 noma ngaphezulu). Abupheli ngokuphumula noma ngemithi. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha! (LESI ISIMO ESIPHUTHUMAYO SEZOKWELAPHA). |
| I-Microvascular Angina | Lokhu kubangelwa izinkinga zemithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu (ama-microvessels) enhliziyweni. Ubuhlungu bungahlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu eyi-15. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, umonakalo enhliziyweni ungavinjelwa. |
| I-Prinzmetal (Okuhlukile) I-Angina | Lokhu kubangelwa ukuqina okungazelelwe (ukushaqeka) kwemithambo yegazi enhliziyweni bese ivuleka kabusha. Lokhu kuhlukile kwezinye izinhlobo ngoba kuvame ukwenzeka uma uphumule noma ulele. Ubuhlungu bungahlala phakathi kwemizuzu emi-5-15. |
Ubukhulu be-angina bulinganiswa kanjani?
Odokotela basebenzisa isikali esiqala ku-1 kuya ku-4 ukuze balinganise ubukhulu be-angina yakho. Uma inani liphezulu, isimo siba sibi kakhulu.
- Izinga 1: I-Angina yenzeka kuphela uma wenza ukuzivocavoca okunzima nokucindezela umzimba. Akwenzeki ngesikhathi semisebenzi evamile.
- Izinga 2: Ubuhlungu buvela uma uhamba ngesivinini esikhulu noma ukhuphuka izitebhisi. Bungavela futhi ngemva kokudla ukudla okugcwele nokuhamba isikhashana. Bungavela futhi esimweni sezulu esibandayo, umoya, noma ukucindezeleka okukhulu.
- Izinga 3: Ubuhlungu buvela ngisho noma uhamba ibanga elifushane ngesivinini esijwayelekile.
- Izinga 4: Ubuhlungu buyenzeka nganoma yimuphi umsebenzi womzimba. Ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu bungenzeka ngisho noma ungenzi lutho.
Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-angina?
Imbangela eyinhloko ye-angina ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni. Lokhu kungaba nezimbangela eziningana:
- Isifo Semithambo Yenhliziyo (CAD): Lesi yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu nesihamba phambili. Imithambo yegazi ehlinzeka ngegazi enhliziyweni (imithambo yenhliziyo) incishiswa ngaphakathi ngenxa yokufakwa kwe-cholesterol nezinto ezinamafutha (i-plaque). Lokhu kuvimbela ukuhamba kwegazi.
- Isifo Semithambo Yenhliziyo Emincane: Lesi simo singabangelwa ukulimala kwemithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu enhliziyweni.
- I-Coronary Artery Spasm: Ukuminyana okungazelelwe, okunzima (ukuncishiswa) kwemithambo yegazi enhliziyweni, okungenzeka ngisho nakubantu abangenayo i-CAD.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela i-angina yakho bese uyelapha.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-angina?
Ingozi yakho yokuthola i-angina inganda ngalezi zici:
- Ubudala: Amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engu-45 kanye nabesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-55 basengozini enkulu.
- Izici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo: Umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol ephezulu, isifo sikashukela, umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo, kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile yizinto ezandisa ingozi.
- I-Anemia Enzima: Lapho inani lamaseli abomvu egazi anempilo athwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni lehla, inhliziyo nayo ihlushwa ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo.
- Ezinye izifo zenhliziyo: Izimo ezifana nesifo se-valve yenhliziyo kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo kubangela ukuthi inhliziyo isebenze kanzima, okungase kubangele ne-angina.
- Ukuchayeka ezintweni eziyingozi: Ukubhema, ukuchayeka entuthwini yokubhema, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kwandisa kakhulu ingozi.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-angina?
Ukwelashwa kwe-angina kunemigomo emibili eyinhloko. Eyokuqala ukulawula ubuhlungu, kanti enye ukwelapha isifo senhliziyo esiyisisekelo nokunciphisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Lokhu kufezwa ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yezindlela zokwelapha eziningana.
1. Imithi
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi ehlukahlukene yokulawula i-angina.
- I-Nitroglycerin: Lona umuthi onikezwa ukuqeda ubuhlungu be-angina ngokushesha. Ngokuvamile unikezwa njengephilisi elibekwa ngaphansi kolimi.
- Ama-Beta-blockers, ama-Calcium Channel Blockers:Lokhu kusiza ukulawula i-angina isikhathi eside futhi kwandise imithambo yegazi, okwenza ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni kube lula.
2. Izinqubo zezokwelapha kanye nokuhlinzwa (Izinqubo)
Uma imithambo yegazi yenhliziyo yakho imincane kakhulu noma ivalekile, udokotela wakho angase akuncome into efana nale:
- I-Angioplasty kanye ne-Stenting: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ibhaluni elincane emthanjeni wegazi oncishisiwe bese ulifutha ukuze linwebe umthambo. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa isakhiwo esincane esifana ne-mesh esibizwa ngokuthi i- stent ngaphakathi ukuze kuvinjelwe umthambo ukuthi unganciphi futhi.
- Ukuhlinzwa Kokudlula: Lokhu kuhilela ukudala indlela entsha yokuthi igazi ligeleze eduze kokuvaleka, okungukuthi, ukudala umthambo wegazi omusha.
3. Izinguquko Zendlela Yokuphila (Izinguquko Emikhubeni Yakho Yansuku Zonke)
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokwelashwa.
- Ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Yidla ukudla okunamafutha amancane, usawoti kanye noshukela. Faka imifino eminingi, izithelo, ubhontshisi kanye nokolweni ophelele ekudleni kwakho.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yikuphi ukuzivocavoca okuphephile futhi okufanele wena, bese ukwenze.
- Gwema ukubhema: Uma ubhema, yeka ngokushesha.
- Ukunciphisa utshwala.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Kunezikhathi lapho kudingeka uye esibhedlela ngokushesha, futhi kunezikhathi lapho kudingeka ubonane nodokotela wakho.
| Izimo Eziphuthumayo: Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha! | |
|---|---|
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Bona udokotela wakho kulezi zimo:
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nokwelashwa okutholayo.
- Uma imithi ibangela imiphumela emibi.
- Uma izimpawu zintsha noma zikhula kancane kancane.
Akuwona wonke umuntu owela phansi ebambe isifuba sakhe njengoba bebona kuma-movie. Ngezinye izikhathi i-angina ingaba ukungakhululeki okucashile nokungacacile. Iyafika futhi idlule ngokushesha kangangokuthi ungase ucabange, "Lokhu akuyona into enkulu."
Kodwa i-angina ayiyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula. Yindlela yenhliziyo yakho yokukutshela ukuthi, "Ngidinga usizo." Ngakho-ke lalela. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Kunezindlela zokwelapha izimo ezibangela i-angina. Uma siqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, kungcono.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Angina akuyona isifo, kodwa uphawu oluyisixwayiso sesifo senhliziyo esingaphansi.
- Ungalokothi ungazinaki noma yiluphi uhlobo lobuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki. Ungacabangi ukuthi yi-gastritis.
- Yazi umehluko phakathi kwe-angina ezinzile nengazinzile. I-angina engazinzile iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho bese usebenzisa imithi oyinikezwe njengoba nje uyalelwe.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo yenhliziyo (ukudla okuhle, ukuvivinya umzimba, nokugwema ukubhema) ingavikela impilo yenhliziyo yakho.
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