Ingabe udokotela ukunike i-chit yokuhlolwa kwegazi? Ingabe ithi 'FBC' noma 'Full Blood Count'? Ngokuvamile, uma sibona izinhlamvu nezinombolo kulo mbiko, sizizwa sesaba futhi sikhathazekile kancane. "Kusho ukuthini lokhu?" Sicabanga. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kakhulu, okuvamile odokotela abakusebenzisa kakhulu futhi okutshela okuningi ngempilo yomzimba wethu. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kuyini lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-FBC?
Kalula nje, i-FBC (Complete Blood Count) ukuhlolwa okubheka izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zamaseli egazini lakho. Igazi lethu alilona nje uketshezi olubomvu. Liqukethe izigidi zamaseli amancane enza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile emizimbeni yethu. I-FBC ibheka kakhulu lezi zinhlobo zamaseli:
- Amaseli Egazi Abomvu: Lawo athwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke.
- Amaseli Amhlophe Egazi: Njengebutho lomzimba, alwa nezifo namagciwane.
- Ama-Platelet: Lawa amaseli asiza ekumiseni ukopha ngokwakha amahlule egazi.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthola umbono omuhle ngempilo yakho iyonke. Kubalulekile futhi ukuxilonga isifo, ukuqapha isimo esikhona, ukubona ukuthi umuthi uthinta kanjani umzimba, kanye nokukala impilo yesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Kuyisinyathelo esiyisisekelo ekuxilongeni izimo ezifana ne -anemia, izifo ezahlukahlukene, kanye nomdlavuza wegazi .
Kungani wenza 'i-Differential Count' kanye ne-FBC?
Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ubone "i-CBC ene-Differential" embikweni wakho. Kusho ukuthini lokhu?
Cabanga ngamaseli amhlophe egazi njengebutho lethu. I-FBC ibala inani eliphelele lamasosha ebuthweni. Kodwa 'i-Differential Count' ijula kunalokho. Ibala inani lamasosha asezindaweni ezahlukene (isibonelo, amasosha ahamba ngezinyawo, ama-commando, izikhulu zezobunhloli) kulelo butho.
Okusho ukuthi, kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu zamaseli amhlophe egazi, futhi lokhu 'kubalwa komehluko' kulinganisa inani lohlobo ngalunye ngokwehlukana. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ukuthola umbono ocacile walokho okwenzekayo ohlelweni lwakho lokuzivikela komzimba, njengokuthi ngabe unesifo esibangelwa amagciwane, isifo esibangelwa amagciwane, noma i-allergy.
Udokotela uncoma nini ukwenza i-FBC?
Njengoba ukuhlolwa kwe-FBC kuyindlela evamile kakhulu yokuhlola, udokotela angase akuncome ezimweni ezahlukene.
- Njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kwaminyaka yonke: Thola ukuqonda okujwayelekile ngempilo yakho iyonke.
- Bheka izimpawu ezingenakuchazeka: Isibonelo, bheka imbangela yomkhuhlane oqhubekayo, ukwehla kwesisindo, ukujuluka ebusuku, ukuphuka okungachazeki, kanye nokukhathala okuqhubekayo.
- Qaphela izimo zezokwelapha ezazikhona kakade: Qaphela isimo somuntu onezifo zesikhathi eside njengomdlavuza nesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona.
- Hlola imiphumela yokwelashwa: Eminye imithi yokwelapha (isib. imithi yomdlavuza) ingabangela ukwehla kwenani lamaseli amhlophe egazi. Lokhu kuhlolwa kubalulekile ukuqapha imiphumela enjalo.
- Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Qinisekisa ukuthi impilo kamama okhulelwe kanye nengane yakhe inhle.
Yiziphi izimo ezingatholakala embikweni we-FBC?
Lokhu kuhlolwa akusho ngokuqondile ukuthi "une-asthma." Kodwa-ke, kunikeza udokotela izinkomba eziningi ezibalulekile. Amanani asembikweni angabonisa lezi zimo ezilandelayo:
| Igama lezokwelapha | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-anemia | Amazinga aphansi amangqamuzana abomvu egazi noma i-hemoglobin (njengoba sikubiza kanjalo, 'i-anemia'). |
| I-Erythrocytosis | Amazinga aphezulu kakhulu amangqamuzana abomvu egazi (ukwanda kokujiya kwegazi). |
| I-Leukocytosis | Ukwanda kwenani lamaseli amhlophe egazi (ngokuvamile kuyisibonakaliso sokutheleleka). |
| I-Leukopenia | Inani eliphansi lamaseli amhlophe egazi (uphawu lobuthakathaka bokuzivikela komzimba). |
| I-Thrombocytosis | Inani lamaplatelet elandisiwe. |
| I-Thrombocytopenia | Ukwehla kwenani lama-platelet (kubonakala ezifweni ezifana ne-dengue). |
Manje ake sibheke amanani embikweni ngemininingwane eyengeziwe?
Kulungile, manje ake sizame ukuqonda izinhlamvu ezisembikweni.
Izinto okufanele uzazi ngamaseli egazi abomvu
Lezi 'yisevisi yokulethwa' ethwala umoya-mpilo kuwo wonke umzimba. Lezi yizindinganiso eziyinhloko okukhulunywa ngazo.
- I-RBC (Inani Lamaseli Egazi Elibomvu): Inani eliphelele lamaseli abomvu egazini.
- I-Hb / Hgb (i-Hemoglobin): I-Hemoglobin yiprotheni ethwala umoya-mpilo etholakala kumaseli abomvu egazi. Ilinganiswa ngokwenani layo. Yilokho okwenza igazi libe nombala obomvu.
- I-Hct (i-Hematocrit): Yiliphi iphesenti legazi lakho elenziwe ngamaseli abomvu egazi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izindinganiso ezibonisa inani kanye nekhwalithi yamaseli abomvu egazi (abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-Red Cell Indices').
- I-MCV (Umthamo Ophakathi We-Corpuscular): Usayizi ojwayelekile weseli elilodwa elibomvu legazi.
- I-MCH (i-Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin): Inani elimaphakathi (isisindo) le-hemoglobin kuseli elilodwa legazi elibomvu.
- I-MCHC (Isilinganiso Se-Hemoglobin Ye-Corpuscular): Ukuhlushwa kwe-hemoglobin kumthamo othile wegazi.
- I-RDW (Ububanzi Bokusabalalisa Amaseli Abomvu): Lokhu kukutshela ukuthi amaseli akho abomvu egazi alingana ngobukhulu, noma ukuthi ayingxube yamaseli amakhulu namancane. Kufana nokubheka ukuthi amabhisikidi asikwe ngesikhunta esifanayo, noma amakhukhi enziwe ngezandla anobukhulu obuhlukene.
Izinto okufanele uzazi ngama-Platelet
Lezi 'izingcezu zeplasta' emizimbeni yethu. Uma sithola isilonda noma ukulimala ndawana thize, ziyashesha ziye endaweni ethile, zinamathele ndawonye, futhi ziyeke ukopha.
- Inani lamaplatelet: Inani eliphelele lamaplatelet kusampula yegazi.
- I-MPV (Umthamo Ophakathi Weplatelet): Usayizi omaphakathi weplatelet eyodwa.
Amaseli Amhlophe Egazi kanye nezinhlobo zawo
Leli yibutho lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu. Umsebenzi walo ukusivikela ngokulwa namagciwane nezifo. Uma wenza 'i-Differential Count', uzothola imininingwane ehlukile mayelana namandla ahlukene aleli butho.
| Uhlobo Lweseli | Umsebenzi oyinhloko (owenziwe lula) |
|---|---|
| I-WBC (Inani Lamaseli Amhlophe Egazi) | Inani eliphelele lazo zonke izinhlobo zamaseli amhlophe egazi. |
| Ama-neutrophil | Njengama-commando aphendula ngokushesha, angawokuqala ukuhlasela izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nesikhunta . |
| Ama-lymphocyte | Njengezikhulu zezobunhloli. Balwa nokutheleleka ngamagciwane . Bakhumbula izifo zangaphambilini futhi bafundisa umzimba ukulwa nazo ngokushesha uma ziphinde zagula. |
| Ama-monocyte | Izisebenzi zokuhlanza. Zisusa udoti wamaseli namagciwane asele ngemuva kokutheleleka. |
| Ama-Eosinophil | Zilwa nezinambuzane (njengezibungu). Inani lazo liyanda futhi ngesikhathi sokungezwani komzimba . |
| Ama-Basophil | Zikhipha izimpawu zokuxwayisa. Lezi yizo ezikhipha izinto ezifana 'ne-histamine' ngesikhathi sokungezwani komzimba. |
Ingabe udinga ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwe-FBC?
Izindaba ezinhle kakhulu ukuthi awudingi ukwenza noma yikuphi ukulungiselela okukhethekile kokuhlolwa kwe-FBC. Ungadla futhi uphuze ngendlela evamile futhi uphuze imithi yakho evamile. Asikho isidingo sokuzila ukudla.
Kodwa, khumbula lokhu kahle:Uma udokotela wakho ecele olunye uhlolo, njengoshukela wegazi noma iphrofayili yamafutha ngokuzila ukudla, kanye ne-FBC, kufanele ulandele imiyalelo yalolo hlolo ngqo (isb., ukuzila ukudla amahora angu-8-12). Ngakho-ke, uma unokungabaza ngalokho okuse-chit noma lokho udokotela akushilo, qiniseka ukuthi ubuza udokotela wakho futhi ukuze aqinisekise.
Ingabe 'i-Normal Range' embikweni we-FBC iyafana kuwo wonke umuntu?
Lokhu kuyiphutha elivamile. 'I-Normal Range / Reference Range' embikweni wakho we-FBC ayifani kuwo wonke umuntu. Ingahluka kuye ngezici ezahlukahlukene.
- Kuye ngelebhu eqhuba ukuhlolwa: La manani angahluka kancane kuye ngemishini namakhemikhali asetshenziswa yilebhu ngayinye.
- Kuye ngeminyaka yakho: Izindinganiso 'ezijwayelekile' zihlukile kubantu abadala nasezinganeni.
- Kuye ngobulili bakho: Amanye amanani (ikakhulukazi lawo ahlobene namaseli abomvu egazi) ayahlukahluka ngenxa yokwehluka kwamazinga ama-hormone phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa.
- Uma ukhulelwe: Lezi zindinganiso zingashintsha ngenxa yezinguquko emzimbeni wakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ngakho-ke, qhathanisa amanani asembikweni wakho kuphela 'ne-Reference Range' (ibanga lenani elijwayelekile) elinikezwe ohlangothini lombiko ngokwawo. Ungaliqhathanisi nombiko womunye umuntu noma namanani ajwayelekile atholakala ku-inthanethi.
Yini okufanele ngiyenze ngokulandelayo uma amanani embikweni ephezulu kakhulu noma ephansi kakhulu?
Ungesabi uma ubona inani embikweni wakho elingaphandle 'kwe-Normal Range'. Akusho ukuthi unesifo esingathi sína. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yisimo esilula kakhulu, esingelapheka kalula.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu yile:
Ungalokothi nanini unqume ukuthi unesifo ngokusekelwe kulokho okufundile ku-inthanethi noma kulokho okushiwo ngomunye umuntu. Udokotela wakho kuphela ongakunikeza ukuxilongwa okunembile kakhulu, ecabangela izimpawu zakho, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, kanye nezindinganiso kulo mbiko we-FBC.
Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza umbiko futhi, uma kudingeka, acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, aqale ukwelashwa, noma mhlawumbe athi, "Lokhu akuyona into enkulu, sizobuya sizohlola ngemuva kwesikhashana." Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi uthatha umbiko wakho bese ubona udokotela wakho owelaphayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-FBC (I-Full Blood Count) ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile futhi okuphephile okunikeza ulwazi oluningi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yakho iyonke.
- Ungakhathazeki ngezinombolo nezinhlamvu ezisembikweni. Zikutshela ngobuningi kanye nekhwalithi yamaseli ahlukene egazini lakho.
- 'Ibanga Elijwayelekile' lingahluka kuye ngobudala, ubulili, kanye nelebhu. Ngakho-ke qhathanisa njalo kuphela 'nebanga lokubhekisela' embikweni wakho.
- Ngisho noma inani elisembikweni lingaphandle kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile, udokotela wakho kuphela onganikeza incazelo neseluleko esinembile kakhulu.
- Ungalokothi uzihlole noma ufune ukwelashwa ngeseluleko sabanye. Njalo bona udokotela wakho nombiko wakho.
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