Ingabe une-high blood pressure, noma i-hypertension? Ungase uphuze imithi emibili noma emithathu oyinikezwe udokotela wakho. Kodwa kusenzima yini ukulawula i-blood pressure yakho? Ingabe uzizwa ukhathele, ubuthakathaka, futhi uvame ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni? Uma kunjalo, imbangela yesimo sakho ingaba yinto ehlukile kune-blood pressure evamile. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esinjalo. Kuyi-Primary Aldosteronism, noma i-Conn's Syndrome.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Primary Aldosteronism?
Lokhu kuyinto edinga incazelo encane. Emizimbeni yethu, kunezindlala ezimbili ezincane ngaphezu kwezinso. Lezi sizibiza ngokuthi izindlala ze-adrenal, noma ngesiNgisi, izindlala ze-adrenal . Lezi zindlala zikhiqiza izinhlobo eziningana zama-hormone abalulekile emzimbeni wethu.
I-Aldosterone iyi-hormone ye-steroid ekhiqizwa yilezi zindlala. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wale hormone ukulawula amazinga e-sodium (usawoti) ne-potassium egazini lethu. Ngale ndlela, le hormone isiza futhi ekulawuleni ibhalansi yamanzi emzimbeni wethu kanye nomfutho wegazi.
Ngakho-ke, i-Primary Aldosteronism yilapho izindlala zakho ze-adrenal zikhiqiza i-hormone aldosterone eningi kakhulu ngesizathu esithile. Lapho amazinga e-aldosterone enyuka, inani le-sodium (usawoti) emzimbeni wakho liyakhuphuka kanye nenani le-potassium liyancipha. Lokhu kuphumela ekucindezelekeni kwegazi okungalawuleki kanye namazinga e-potassium egazi aphansi (i-hypokalemia).
Lokhu kwakucatshangwa njengesifo esingavamile kakhulu ngaphambilini, kodwa manje sekutholakale ukuthi phakathi kuka-5% no-10% wabantu abadala abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme bangaba nalesi simo.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko zalesi sifo?
Akuwona wonke umuntu onalesi simo ozoba nezimpawu ezifanayo. Kodwa lezi yizimpawu ezivame kakhulu. Ake sizibheke etafuleni.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension) | Lesi yisibonakaliso esiyinhloko, ikakhulukazi uma unomfutho wegazi ophakeme okunzima ukuwulawula ngisho nangemithi eminingi. |
| I-potassium ephansi egazini (i-Hypokalemia) | Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungabonisa amazinga aphansi e-potassium. Lokhu kungabangela ukudikiza kwemisipha kanye nokuba ndikindiki. |
| Ukukhathala okuvamile | Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ungenampilo ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuhlala bukhona. |
| Ukoma ngokweqile kanye nokuchama njalo | Ukuzizwa womile kakhulu kunokujwayelekile ngakho-ke udinga ukuchama kaningi. |
| Ubuthakathaka bemisipha kanye nokuqaqamba kwemisipha | Ukuzwa sengathi imisipha emilenzeni nasezingalweni iyagingqika, ikakhulukazi ngenxa ye-potassium ephansi. |
| Umbono ofiphele | Ngezinye izikhathi umbono ufiphala kancane. |
Kungani i-hormone ye-aldosterone ikhula kanjena?
Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana zalokhu.
- Izimila ezingezinhle zezindlala ze-adrenal: Lesi yisona sizathu salesi simo kubantu abaningi. Isimila esincane, esingesona umdlavuza (i-adenoma) sikhula endlaleni eyodwa noma zombili ze-adrenal, esikhiqiza i-hormone aldosterone eningi kakhulu.
- I-Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia: Ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphandle kwesimila, amaseli kuzo zombili izindlala ze-adrenal angaba namandla kakhulu futhi akhiqize ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu.
- Izimbangela zofuzo: Lesi simo singazuzwa njengefa kweminye imindeni. Isibonelo `(Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia)`.
- Umdlavuza we-adrenal: Lena imbangela engavamile kakhulu.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-Aldosteronism eyinhloko neyesibili
Kukhona enye into ebalulekile okudingeka uyazi. I-Primary Aldosteronism, esikhulume ngayo, iyinkinga eyenzeka endlaleni ye-adrenal uqobo, ebangela ukwanda kwe-hormone.
Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, amazinga e-aldosterone angakhuphuka ngenxa yezinye izimo zezokwelapha emzimbeni. Isibonelo, le hormone inganda nasezimweni ezifana nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, isifo sesibindi, noma i-renal artery stenosis. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i -Secondary Aldosteronism . Udokotela uzohlukanisa ngokunembile phakathi kwalezi zimo ezimbili.
Ungakubona kanjani lokhu?
Uma unezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, udokotela wakho uzoqala ahlole umfutho wegazi lakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma kukhona ukungabaza ngalesi simo, uzokudlulisela kwezinye izivivinyo zegazi ezikhethekile.
- Amazinga ama-hormone egazini: Lokhu kulinganisa kakhulu amazinga ama-hormone i-aldosterone ne-renin. Ku-aldosteronism eyinhloko, amazinga e-aldosterone aphezulu kanti amazinga e-renin aphansi.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezinga Le-Electrolyte: Lokhu kuhlola amazinga e-sodium ne-potassium egazini lakho.
Okubalulekile: Uma usuvele uthatha imithi yomfutho wegazi, eminye yaleyo mithi ingathinta imiphumela yalokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile, udokotela wakho angase akucebise ukuthi ushintshe noma uyeke imithi yakho isikhashana.
Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuqinisekisa lesi simo, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlola izindlala ze-adrenal ukuthola imbangela. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa nge-CT scan (Computed Tomography) noma i-MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) .
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kuncike embangela. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelapha.
1. Ukwelashwa ngemithi
Uma zombili izindlala ze-adrenal zisebenza ngokweqile (hyperplasia), ukuhlinzwa akuvamile ukwenziwa. Kunalokho, kunikezwa imithi evimba ukusebenza kwe-hormone i-aldosterone. Imithi evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yi -spironolactone kanye ne-eplerenone . Le mithi ingalawula umfutho wegazi futhi ibuyisele amazinga e-potassium.
2. Ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa
Uma i-CT noma i-MRI scan iqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona isimila (i-adenoma) endlaleni eyodwa ye-adrenal kuphela, ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu ukususa leyo ndlala ngokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kubizwa ngokuthi i-adrenalectomy . Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa njengokuhlinzwa kwe-keyhole (ukuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic) ukuze ukululama kusheshe.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, umfutho wegazi wabantu abaningi ubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile noma ungalawulwa ngemithi emincane kakhulu.
Kwenzekani uma ingelashwa?
Uma lesi simo singalashwa, izinkinga ezinkulu zingavela ngenxa yomfutho wegazi ophakeme isikhathi eside kanye nokungalingani kwama-electrolyte.
- Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
- Isifo sohlangothi
- Ukwehluleka kwezinso
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmia)
- Ukukhubazeka kwesikhashana
Ngakho-ke, uma unezimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha bese ucela ukwelashwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-aldosteronism eyinhloko yisimo esibangelwa ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone i-aldosterone yizindlala ze-adrenal.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye namazinga aphansi e-potassium egazini, okunzima ukuwalawula ngisho nangokusebenzisa imithi eminingana.
- Izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala njalo, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukoma ngokweqile, kanye nokuqhaqhazela kwemisipha nazo zingase zibe khona.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nokuskena kungasithola ngokunembile lesi sifo kanye nembangela yaso.
- Kuye ngembangela, lesi simo singalawulwa ngempumelelo ngemithi noma ngokuhlinzwa.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma unenkinga yokulawula umfutho wegazi lakho, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
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