Ingabe nawe unalezi zimpawu kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme? Kungaba yi-Primary Aldosteronism!

Uzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi? Uzizwa womile kakhulu? Noma udinga ukuchama njalo? Uma futhi unomfutho wegazi ophakeme, kufanele ukhathazeke ngakho kancane. Mhlawumbe lokhu akulula njengoba sicabanga. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Primary Aldosteronism , esaziwa nangokuthi i-Conn's Syndrome ngabanye.

Kuyini i-Aldosteronism Eyinhloko?

Kalula nje, i-aldosteronism eyinhloko yisimo esibangelwa ukuthi izindlala zakho ze-adrenal zikhiqiza i-hormone eningi kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-aldosterone . Cabanga ngale ndlela: izindlala ze-adrenal ziyizindlala ezimbili ezincane, njengezivalo ezincane phezu kwezinso zakho. Kodwa ama-hormone eziwakhiqizayo alawula imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile emzimbeni wakho.

I-Aldosterone iyi-hormone ye-steroid. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukulawula inani le- sodium (usawoti esiwudlayo) kanye ne-potassium egazini lethu. Iphinde isize ekulawuleni inani lamanzi emzimbeni, umthamo wegazi kanye nomfutho wegazi.

Manje cabanga ngakho, kwenzekani uma le hormone ye-aldosterone iba phezulu kakhulu? Yilapho-ke izinkinga ziqala khona. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme) kanye ne-potassium ephansi egazini (i-Hypokalemia) yizimpawu ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-aldosteronism eyinhloko. Uma lesi simo singelashwa kahle, izinkinga ezinkulu njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso zingavela. Kodwa-ke, uma sitholakala kusenesikhathi futhi selashwa kahle, lesi simo singalawulwa kahle.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

I-aldosteronism eyinhloko yayibhekwa njengesifo esingavamile. Kodwa manje isimo sesihlukile. Itholakala phakathi kuka-5% no-10% wabantu abadala abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane. Ngokuvamile, abantu abaseminyakeni yabo yama-30 nama-40 batholakala benalesi sifo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Primary Aldosteronism?

Ngokuvamile, abantu abanalesi simo baba namazinga aphezulu egazi kanye namazinga aphansi e-potassium egazini. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongalawulwayo wandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi . Amazinga aphansi e-potassium angabangela nokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (ama-arrhythmia) .

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ezinye izimpawu zingabonakala:

• Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi (Ukukhathala): Ngisho noma ulala kahle, ungase uzizwe ukhathele.
• Ukoma ngokweqile:Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngiphuza amanzi angakanani, kusazwakala sengathi awanele.
• Ukuchama njalo: Ukudinga ukuya endlini yangasese kaningi kunangaphambili.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu: Ungase ube nekhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu.
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha kanye nokuqaqamba: Ungase uzizwe sengathi izingcezu zemisipha ziyagobhoza emilenzeni nasezingalweni zakho.
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha: Ungase uzizwe ubuthakathaka futhi ube nobunzima bokuphakamisa izinsimbi.
• Umbono ofiphele: Ngezinye izikhathi umbono ungaba mfushane kancane.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-Primary Aldosteronism?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, lesi simo sibangelwa yizindlala ze-adrenal ezikhiqiza i-hormone i-aldosterone eningi kakhulu. Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani le hormone ingakhiqizwa ngokweqile:

• Izimila ezingembi kweyodwa noma zombili izindlala ze-adrenal: Lezi ngokuvamile azinawo umdlavuza, kodwa zingabangela ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone.
• Izimo zofuzo: Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne- congenital adrenal hyperplasia .
• Umdlavuza we-adrenal: Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu.

Ingabe lokhu kufana ne-aldosteronism yesibili?

Cha. I-aldosteronism eyinhloko yilapho kuba nokwanda kwe-aldosterone ngenxa yenkinga ngezindlala ze-adrenal ngokwazo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, esinye isimo esiyisisekelo singabangela ukuthi i-hormone i-aldosterone ikhiqizwe ngokweqile. Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngokuthi i-aldosteronism yesibili . Ezinye zezimo ezingadala lokhu zifaka:

• Isifo sesibindi
• I-stenosis yemithambo yezinso: Lokhu kuwukuncipha kwemithambo ethwala igazi ezinso.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wezinso
• Ukukhulelwa

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-Primary Aldosteronism?

Noma ubani angaba nalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuba naso. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Abantu abanamazinga aphansi e-potassium egazini.
• Abantu abake baba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-30.
• Abantu abaphuza imithi emithathu noma ngaphezulu yokulawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
• Abantu abanesifo somdlavuza we-adrenal gland.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingavela kulesi simo?

Uma ungelaphi i-aldosteronism eyinhloko, umfutho wegazi wakho ungakhuphuka ufike emazingeni ayingozi. Kungabangela nokungalingani kwama-electrolyte emzimbeni wakho (amaminerali asiza ukugcina ibhalansi yamanzi emzimbeni).

Lokhu kungalingani kwama-electrolyte kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme isikhathi eside kwandisa ingozi yezinkinga ezinkulu. Isibonelo:

• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Ukwehluleka kwezinso
• Isifo sohlangothi
• Ukukhubazeka kwesikhashana

Okubalulekile: Nakuba lezi zinkinga zingase zibonakale ziyingozi, eziningi zazo zingavinjelwa uma lesi sifo sitholakala kusenesikhathi futhi selashwa kahle. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma unezimpawu.

I-Primary Aldosteronism ihlolwa kanjani?

Odokotela basebenzisa kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola lesi simo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kubheka:

• Amazinga ama-hormone afana ne- aldosterone ne- renin egazini lakho.
• Amazinga e-electrolyte, okuhlanganisa i-sodium ne-potassium.

Kungadingeka ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile. Eminye imithi yokucindezela kwegazi ingathinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho angashintsha imithi yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kunembile.

Yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo ozenzayo?

Udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo zokuhlola izimila ze-adrenal, njenge:

• I-CT Scan (I-Computed Tomography - I-CT scan): Lokhu kusebenzisa ama-X-ray ukuthatha izithombe zengaphakathi lomzimba.
• I-MRI Scan (I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging - I-MRI): Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsakazo kanye nensimu enamandla yamagnetic ukuhlola ingaphakathi lomzimba.

Lezi zivivinyo zingabona ngokucacile usayizi, ukuma, kanye nokuba khona kwanoma yikuphi ukukhubazeka ezindlaleni ze-adrenal.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu ze-Primary Aldosteronism?

Imithi kanye/noma ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukusetshenziswa njengokwelapha lesi simo.

Imithi

Uma zombili izindlala ze-adrenal zikhiqiza i-aldosterone eningi kakhulu, odokotela bavame ukunikeza imithi efana ne -Spironolactone (Aldactone®) noma i-Eplerenone (Inspra®) . Le mithi isebenza ngokuvimbela isenzo se-hormone ye-aldosterone.

Ukuhlinzwa

Uma indlala eyodwa kuphela ye-adrenal ikhiqiza i-aldosterone eningi kakhulu, ukuhlinzwa kokususa leyo ndlala (i-adrenalectomy) kungenziwa. Ezimweni ezinjalo, odokotela bangase batuse ukuhlinzwa.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kungase kudingeke ukuthi uphuze imithi kuze kube yilapho umfutho wegazi wakho ubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho.

Ingabe lesi simo singavinjelwa?

Ngeshwa, okwamanje ayikho indlela yokuvimbela lesi simo ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlola njalo umfutho wegazi lakho kungasiza ekutholeni noma yiziphi izinkinga kusenesikhathi.

Yini engingayenza ukuze nginciphise ingozi?

Ukwenza izinguquko ezithile endleleni yokuphila kungasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yokuthola i-aldosteronism eyinhloko ngezinga elithile:

• Khulisa umsebenzi womzimba: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzivocavoca nsuku zonke.
• Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Ukunciphisa usawoti (i-sodium) ekudleni.
• Ukuyeka ukubhema.

Lezi zinto zisiza futhi ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ngakho-ke ziwusizo kakhulu empilweni yakho iyonke.

Yimiphi imiphumela yesikhathi eside ye-Primary Aldosteronism?

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme, okuyisici esiyinhloko salesi simo, kwandisa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, isifo sezinso, nezinye izifo. Kodwa-ke, ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abane-aldosteronism eyinhloko bangathola ukwehla kwezimpawu kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila engcono. Imiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside ivame ukwenzeka kulabo abangatholi ukwelashwa.

Uyini umbono womuntu one-Primary Aldosteronism?

Ngokwelashwa okufanele, isimo sengqondo somuntu one-aldosteronism eyinhloko sihle kakhulu. Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu. Uma kungelashwa, izinkinga ezisongela ukuphila ezifana nesifo sohlangothi, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso zingavela.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma uzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi, womile kakhulu, noma kufanele uchame njalo, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha. Bazokwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo ukuze kutholakale ukuthi unesifo yini.

Futhi, uma unomfutho wegazi ophakeme oqhubekayo noma utholakale unamazinga aphansi e-potassium egazini, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kufanele yini uhlolwe i-Primary Aldosteronism noma ezinye izimo ezihlobene nayo.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-Primary Aldosteronism, ungase ufune ukubuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo:

• Yini eyabangela lesi simo kimi?
• Yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo engizodinga ukuzenza?
• Ingabe nginesimila se-adrenal?
• Ingabe nginezinye izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo ezingase zibangele izimpawu zami?
• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa olunconywayo?
• Ingabe kufanele ngilinganise umfutho wegazi lami ekhaya?

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye nawo ekhaya

Abantu abaningi bathatha imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi okuphezulu. Kodwa-ke, uma uzizwa ukhathele njalo, womile, noma uchama kaningi kunokujwayelekile, kungase kungabi nje ukucindezeleka kwegazi okuphezulu. Uma lezi zimpawu zizwakala zijwayelekile kuwe, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Bazokwenza izivivinyo ukuthola ukuthi kukhona yini enye inkinga. I-aldosteronism eyinhloko ingabangela izimpawu eziningi ezikhathazayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokwelashwa okufanele, lesi simo singelapheka. Ngakho-ke ungesabi, futhi ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela wakho. Ngikufisela ukululama okusheshayo!

i- aldosteronism eyinhloko, i-Conn's syndrome, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-aldosterone, izindlala ze-adrenal, i-potassium ephansi, izimpawu, ukwelashwa