Ingabe kukhona inkinga ngokuzivikela kwesimiso sakho sezinzwa? Ake sifunde ngeSifo Sokususa I-myelin!

Uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa lufana nohlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwezintambo. Kungalezi zintambo lapho imiyalezo isuka ebuchosheni bethu iye kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba. Ngakho-ke lezi 'zintambo', okungukuthi, amangqamuzana ezinzwa `(ama-Neuron), 'zinesigxobo' esincane sokuvikela. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `(i-Myelin) . Lokhu kufana nesigxobo sepulasitiki esiphezu kwentambo kagesi. Lesi sigxobo `(i-Myelin)` yisona esivikela amangqamuzana ezinzwa futhi sivumele imiyalezo kagesi ukuthi ihambe kuso ngokushesha. Cabanga nje, uma kukhona okonakalayo kulesi sigxobo `(i-Myelin)`, imiyalezo edlula ezinzwa zethu iyaphazamiseka, njengentambo enesigxobo sepulasitiki esiphukile. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi `(Isifo Sokuwohloka Kwegazi)` .

Kuyini Isifo Sokususa I-myelin?

Kalula nje, isifo esisusa i-myelin yisimo esonakalisa i-myelin ebuchosheni bakho, emgogodleni, kanye nasezinzwa . Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, i-myelin iyisivikelo esizungezile ama-neurons ohlelweni lwethu lwezinzwa oluphakathi kanye nohlelo lwezinzwa olungaphandle. Lesi sivikelo se-myelin siqinisa, sivikele, futhi sivikele amangqamuzana ezinzwa. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa futhi sisiza ama-implitudes kagesi ukuthi ahambe phakathi kwamangqamuzana.

Ngakho-ke, uma unesifo esisusa i-myelin, yilokhu okwenzekayo: isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela sihlasela ngephutha lesi sigxobo se-myelin, noma amaseli enza i-myelin. Cabanga ngaso njengesimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela, esifana nesimiso sokuzivikela somzimba wethu, sihlasela abantu baso. Lokhu kushintsha indlela imizwa exhumana ngayo, indlela esebenza ngayo, futhi izimpawu ezahlukahlukene ziqala ukuvela.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo ezisusa i-myelin?

Lezi zifo ezisusa i-myelin zingaba ngezindlela ezahlukene. Zingahlukaniswa njengalezo ezithinta kakhulu uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa oluphakathi (okungukuthi, ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla) kanye nalezo ezithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa olungaphandle (okungukuthi, ezinye izinzwa eziphuma ebuchosheni kanye nomgogodla).

Izifo ezivamile zokususa i-myelin ezithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi:

• I-Multiple Sclerosis (MS) : Lesi yisifo esivame ukubonakala salolu hlobo abantu abaningi abake bezwa ngaso.
• I-Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD)
• I-Transverse Myelitis (TM)
• I-Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM)
• I-Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
• I-Central Pontine Myelinolysis (ebizwa nangokuthi i-Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome)

Izifo ezivamile zokususa i-myelin ezithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa oluseceleni:

• I-Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
• Isifo Sezinyo Se-Charcot-Marie (CMT)
• I-Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP)

"Uma uthi `Isifo Esiqeda I-myelin`, ingabe njalo kusho `(MS)`?"

Cha, akunjalo. Kunezinye izimo eziningana eziwela esigabeni se-Demyelinating Diseases. Kodwa-ke, emazweni afana neNyakatho Melika, i-MS ivame kakhulu kulezi.

Zivame kangakanani lezi zifo?

I-Multiple Sclerosis ingenye yezifo ezivame kakhulu ezisusa i-myelin. Ucwaningo lwango-2019 luthole ukuthi cishe abantu abayisigidi e-United States kuphela baphila ne-MS. Kukhona nabantu abanalesi sifo eSri Lanka, kodwa kunzima ukuthola izibalo ezinembile ngaso.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo esisusa i-myelin?

Izimpawu zalezi zifo zingahluka kakhulu, futhi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwesifo. Nazi ezinye zezimpawu ezivamile zesifo esisusa i-myelin esithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi:

• Ukushintsha kombono: Ukubona okufiphele, ukungakwazi ukuhlukanisa imibala (ikakhulukazi obomvu noluhlaza), ubuhlungu lapho uhambisa amehlo, noma ukubona izinto ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa (ukubona okuphindwe kabili).
• Ukuzizwa ungazizwa kahle noma ulahlekelwa umuzwa ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba. Njengokungathi othile ukwenze waba nezimpawu ezingalweni noma emilenzeni.
• Isimo esaziwa ngokuthi 'i-MS hug': Sisho ukuzizwa sengathi othile ukubamba ngokuqinile, eduze kwesifuba sakho noma esiswini sakho, noma ukukucindezela.
• Ukukhathala: Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukukhathala nje.
• Izinkinga zomchamo namathumbu: Ubunzima bokuchama, noma isifiso sokuchama ngokuzumayo (okusho ukuthi, kufanele uhambe ngokushesha uma udinga ukuhamba), ukuqunjelwa, njll.
• Uma ugoba intamo yakho phambili, uzwa umuzwa wokuqaqamba njengogesi ogeleza emhlane wakho, ezingalweni nasemilenzeni.
• Ubunzima bokuhamba. Imilenze iyaphambana, ibhalansi ibonakala ilahlekile.
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukuqina kwemisipha.

Ungase ube nesinye salezi zimpawu, noma ungase ube neziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa. Futhi, ubukhali balezi zimpawu bungashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Lokho kusho ukuthi, ngezinye izikhathi, izimpawu zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu (zizwakale zinamandla kakhulu), bese ziphela isikhashana.

Yiziphi izimbangela zesifo sokususa imyelin?

Imbangela enkulu yalezi zifo ukulimala kwe-myelin kanye namaseli enza i-myelin. Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, lo monakalo uvela ngoba amasosha ethu omzimba ahlasela ngephutha i-myelin enempilo. Ngokuvamile, amasosha ethu omzimba avikela umzimba ezintweni ezibangela izifo ezifana namagciwane namagciwane. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphandle kwemiyalelo efanele, la masosha omzimba abona ngephutha amangqamuzana ethu e-myelin njengayingozi emzimbeni. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ukuvuvukala kwenzeka kulezo zindawo, okubangela izimpawu zesifo esisusa i-myelin.

Ezinye izici eziningana zingabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sokususa i-myelin:

• Ngenxa yokutheleleka ngegciwane noma amagciwane .
• Ukuthambekela kwezakhi zofuzo (okungukuthi, izinguquko ezithile ku-DNA yakho ezandisa ingozi yakho yokuba nesifo sokuzivikela komzimba).
• Ngenxa yezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengokuntuleka kwamavithamini .

Ngezinye izikhathi, imbangela ethile yalezi zifo ayitholakali . Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyaqhubeka ngalokhu.

Isifo Sokususa I-myelin sitholakala kanjani?

Uma unalezi zimpawu, kufanele uqale ubonane nodokotela. Uzolalela izimpawu zakho futhi ahlole umzimba. Uzophinde abhale umlando ophelele wezokwelapha. Uma esola ukuthi unesifo esisusa i-myelin, ungathunyelwa kudokotela wezinzwa . Udokotela wezinzwa ungudokotela oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ezifweni zesimiso sezinzwa.

Udokotela wezinzwa uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa futhi, uma kudingeka, acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Akukho kuhlolwa okukodwa kokuxilonga i-demyelination. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu kuhlolwa okulandelayo ukuze anqume ezinye izimo ezinezimpawu ezifanayo futhi athole ukuxilongwa okunembile:

• Ukuskena kwe-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lokhu kungaveza izithombe ezinemininingwane zobuchopho kanye nomgogodla.
• Ukubhoboza Kwethambo Lomgogodla noma Ukumpompa Komgogodla: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha inani elincane loketshezi lomgogodla emgogodleni bese ulihlola.
• I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Lokhu kuhlola i-optic nerve.
• I-Electromyography (EMG):Lokhu kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wemisipha kanye nemizwa.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Susa ezinye izimo zezokwelapha futhi uhlole amazinga athile amavithamini.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwamathuba Avuselelwe: Kukala isivinini lapho izimpawu zikagesi zihamba khona ngemizwa.

Isifo Sokususa I-myelin sitholakala kanjani nge-MRI?

I-MRI ukuhlolwa okusebenzisa amagagasi kamagnethi kanye nomsakazo ukwenza izithombe zobuchopho bakho kanye nomgogodla. Lokhu kunikeza udokotela wakho isithombe esingcono salokho okwenzekayo emzimbeni wakho. Uma unesifo sokususa i-myelin, i-MRI scan ingabonisa izindawo zomonakalo (ezibizwa ngokuthi izilonda) ebuchosheni bakho kanye nomgogodla.

Isifo Sokususa I-myelin siphathwa kanjani?

Ukwelashwa kwesifo esisusa imyelin kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwesifo onaso . Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zakho, futhi kwezinye izimo, anciphise ukusabalala kwesifo. Izinketho zokwelapha zingafaka:

• Imithi: Imithi enciphisa ukusebenza kwesifo, elawula izimpawu, noma eshintsha ukusebenza kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
• Ukwelashwa Komzimba Nokwelashwa Komsebenzi: Kusiza ngezinto ezinjengobunzima bokuhamba, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, futhi kukusize wenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke kalula.

Udokotela wakho uzonquma uhlelo lokwelapha olungcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezimpawini kanye nesimo sakho. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, funda ngemiphumela emibi nokuthi yini ongayilindela . Uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha noma ziba zimbi kakhulu ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Uma uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, imiphumela yakho izoba ngcono.

Iyini inhloso/isibikezelo salezi zifo?

Umbono uyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi yisiphi isifo esisusa i-myelin esibangela izimpawu zakho. Lezi zifo zingathinta izici eziningi zokuphila kwakho, okuhlanganisa nendlela ocabanga ngayo, ohamba ngayo, nozizwa ngayo. Isibonelo, ungase ube nobunzima bokuhamba noma ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Abanye abantu bangadinga usizo kumalungu omndeni ukuze bahlale endaweni ephephile.

Kwabanye abantu, izimpawu zincane kakhulu futhi azinamiphumela yesikhathi eside . Kwabanye, izimpawu zinzima futhi zinomthelela omkhulu empilweni yansuku zonke . Isimo sawo wonke umuntu sihlukile. Akukho ukwelashwa kwalezi zimo , kodwa udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zakho kukho konke ukuphila kwakho.

Ingabe Ukususa I-myelin Kushintsha Ukulindela Ukuphila?

Isifo Sokususa I-myelin kungathinta impilo yakho, kodwa izifo eziningi azithinti ngqo ukuthi uzophila isikhathi esingakanani . Ngokuvamile, ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi isikhathi sokuphila somuntu onesifo sokususa i-myelin singaba sifushane ngeminyaka embalwa kunomuntu ongenaso lesi sifo. Kodwa lokhu kuncike ekutheni umonakalo ongakanani owenziwe kumaseli akho ezinzwa. Kuyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Udokotela wakho angawuphendula kangcono lo mbuzo ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu zesifo esisusa i-myelin, thintana nodokotela ngokushesha:

• Izinguquko zombono
• Ukuba ndikindiki noma ukulahlekelwa umuzwa
• Umsebenzi onzima
• Izinkinga zokuchama noma zokukhipha indle
• Ubunzima bokuhamba
• Ukuqina kwemisipha noma ubuthakathaka

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma uthola ukuthi unesifo esisusa i-myelin, ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi. Unganqikazi ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Uhlobo luni lwesifo esisusa i-myelin enginalo?
• Ingabe lesi sifo sizoba sibi kakhulu (okungukuthi, ingabe 'sizoqhubeka')?
• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa olunconywayo?
• Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?
• Kunjani ukubikezela kwami?

I-Myelin iyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wakho. Ivikela amangqamuzana akho ezinzwa futhi iwagcine esebenza kahle. Uma yonakele, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu, ubunzima bokuhamba, kanye nobunzima bokucabanga kahle. Udokotela angaxilonga futhi elaphe isimo esisusa i-myelin esikuthintayo. Njengoba kungekho ukwelashwa kwalezi zifo, kuzodingeka uphathe izimpawu zakho impilo yakho yonke ngosizo lwethimba lakho lezokwelapha. Khuluma njalo nodokotela wakho ngesimo sakho, izinketho zokwelapha, izimpawu ezintsha, noma uma uzizwa sengathi izimpawu zakho ziya ziba zimbi kakhulu.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uyazi (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, i-Demyelinating Disease yisimo esenzeka lapho i-myelin sheath ohlelweni lwethu lwezinzwa yonakele. Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kusabisa, kodwa khumbula, awuwedwa. Izimpawu zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu, kanye nomthelela wesifo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unezinye zezimpawu ezishiwo kulesi sihloko, ungazinaki futhi ubone udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma ubona lesi sifo kusenesikhathi futhi uqala ukwelashwa kahle, ungakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zakho kakhulu futhi uphile impilo evamile nenhle. Udokotela wakho nomndeni wakho bazoba usizo olukhulu kulolu hambo.

Isifo Sokususa I -myelin, I-Myelin, Isimiso Sezinzwa, I-Multiple Sclerosis, I-MS, Izimpawu, Ukwelashwa