Ingabe futhi uhlala womile futhi uchama njalo? Lokhu kungabangwa yi-Arginine Vasopressin Disorders (Diabetes Insipidus)

Cabanga ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphuza amanzi angakanani, uzizwa sengathi womile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, udinga ukuya endlini yokugezela njalo. Awukwazi ukulala kahle ebusuku, futhi kufanele uvuke izikhathi eziningana. Akuyona yini le nto ephazamisayo? Nakuba abantu abaningi becabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyinto evamile, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwenye inkinga engaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esingavamile kangaka, kodwa esingelapheka. Leso yi-Arginine Vasopressin Disorders, noma i-Diabetes Insipidus njengoba abantu abaningi besazi ngegama laso elidala.

Kalula nje, ziyini izinkinga ze-Arginine Vasopressin?

Nakuba leli gama liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kulula kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani. Kalula nje, lesi yisimo lapho umzimba wethu ungakwazi ukugcina inani lamanzi elidingekayo. Ngakho-ke, inani lamanzi elidingekayo nalo likhishwa emchameni.

Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu yi-hormone emizimbeni yethu. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-Arginine Vasopressin (AVP) . Abanye odokotela bayibiza nangokuthi i-Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) . Le hormone ye-AVP ifana nomphathi onikeza izinso zethu imiyalelo. Yiyo etshela izinso ukuthi, "Kulungile, umzimba udinga amanzi manje, ngakho-ke wonge amanzi bese unciphisa inani lamanzi akhishwa njengomchamo."

Kulesi sifo, le nqubo ingaphazanyiswa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:

1. Ukuntuleka kwe-AVP (AVP-D): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ubuchopho bethu bungakhiqizi i-hormone ye-AVP ngenani elidingekayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akekho umuntu ofundisa izinso.

2. Ukumelana ne-AVP (AVP-R): Kulokhu, yize ubuchopho bukhiqiza i-hormone ye-AVP eyanele, izinso azisamukeli iseluleko. Njengoba nje umphathi enikeza iseluleko kodwa abasebenzi bayasinaka.

Noma ngabe yikuphi, umphumela wokugcina uyafana: izinso zihlunga amanzi njengoba ziwadinga bese ziwakhipha njengomchamo. Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba ulahlekelwa amanzi owadingayo.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?

Izimpawu eziyinhloko nezisobala kakhulu zalesi simo yilezi:

• Ukoma ngokweqile (i-polydipsia): Ukuzizwa sengathi awomile kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphuza amanzi angakanani.
• Ukuchama njalo: Isidingo sokuvuka izikhathi eziningana ukuze uchame, hhayi emini kuphela, kodwa nasebusuku (i-nocturia).
• Ukuchama ngokweqile: Inani lomchamo elikhiqizwayo likhulu kakhulu. Umchamo awunambala futhi unamanzi.

Lezi zimpawu ziyisibonakaliso esinamandla sokuthi kukhona okungasebenzi kahle emzimbeni wakho. Ngakho-ke, uma unalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu.

Lezi zimpawu zibonakala kanjani ezinganeni ezincane?

Izingane ezincane zingase zingakwazi ukusho ngokunembile ukuthi “Ngiyezwa.” Ngakho-ke uma zinalesi simo, izimpawu zingase zibukeke zihlukile kancane.

• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu
• Ukuqunjelwa
• Ukuhlanza
• Umkhuhlane ovamile
• Ukuhlala ngingaphumuli futhi ngikhala
• Ukwehluleka ukukhula (ukungakhuluphali)

Kungani lesi simo senzeka?

Kunezimbangela eziningana ezingaba khona zalokhu, kuye ngohlobo lwesimo.

Izimbangela Zokuntuleka Kwe-Arginine Vasopressin (AVP-D)

Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lubangelwa ukulimala kwezingxenye zobuchopho ezikhiqiza i-AVP hormone (i-hypothalamus noma i-pituitary gland).

• Ukulimala ekhanda noma ukuhlinzwa: Lezi zingxenye zingalimala ngokuhlinzwa noma ngengozi ebuchosheni.
• Izimila: Ngenxa yezimila ezithile ezakheka ebuchosheni.
• Ukuvuvukala: Izimo zokuvuvukala ezibangelwa izifo ezifana ne-sarcoidosis noma isifo sofuba.
• Izimbangela zofuzo: Izinguquko zofuzo ezizuzwa njengefa.
• Idiopathic: Kwezinye izimo, cishe ingxenye yazo zonke izimo, akukho mbangela ethile engatholakala .

Izimbangela Zokumelana Ne-Arginine Vasopressin (AVP-R)

Akukho nkinga ngobuchopho obukhiqiza i-hormone, inkinga isezinso.

• Izimbangela zofuzo: Izinkinga zofuzo ezidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.
• Imithi ethile: Ikakhulukazi eminye imithi yokwelapha izifo zengqondo, njenge-lithium.
• Ukuvaleka komgudu womchamo.
• Ukwanda kwamazinga e-calcium egazini (i-Hypercalcemia).
• Amazinga aphansi e-potassium egazini (i-Hypokalemia).

Izimo ezikhethekile ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi abesifazane bangaba nalesi simo okwesikhashana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-enzyme ekhiqizwa yi-placenta iphula i-hormone ye-AVP kamama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Le ngozi iphezulu komama abakhulelwe amawele kanye nakomama abanezimo ezifana ne-preeclampsia, ezithinta ukusebenza kwesibindi. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lesi simo sivame ukuphela ngokuphelele phakathi kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu ngemva kokubeletha.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

Inkinga eyingozi kakhulu nenkulu yalesi simo ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni , okusho ukulahlekelwa amanzi anele kanye nama-electrolyte ukuze umzimba usebenze kahle.

Ngokuvamile, ungakwazi ukukhokha ngokuphuza amanzi anele ukuze afane nenani lomchamo owukhiqizayo. Kodwa uma ngesizathu esithile ungakwazi ukuphuza amanzi anele, ungaphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngokushesha okukhulu.

Udokotela ukuthola kanjani lokhu?

Kunezinye izifo ezivamile ezingabangela ukoma njalo kanye nokuchama. Isibonelo, isifo sikashukela. Ngakho-ke, into yokuqala udokotela ayenzayo ukuhlola ezinye izifo ezifanayo.

Kuhlolwa izivivinyo eziningana ukuze kutholakale lesi sifo ngokunembile.

• Ukuhlolwa Kokuncishwa Kwamanzi: Lena yindlela ethembekile kakhulu yokuthola lesi simo. Kulesi sivivinyo, kufanele uhlale ungaphuzi lutho oluwuketshezi amahora amaningana. Lokhu kwenziwa esibhedlela ngaphansi kokuqondisa okuqondile kukadokotela noma umhlengikazi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lokhu kungaholela ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni. Uma unalesi simo, umzimba wakho uzoqhubeka nokukhiqiza umchamo omningi yize ungakaphuzi manzi. Kumuntu ophilile, ukuphuma komchamo wakho kuzoncipha, futhi uzokhiqiza umchamo omncane ophuzi omnyama, ogcwele.
• Ezinye izivivinyo:
• Ukuhlola amazinga kashukela egazini (ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awunaso isifo sikashukela).
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo - Hlola ukuhlushwa komchamo (osmolality).
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi - kulinganisa into ebizwa ngokuthi iCopeptin, ehlobene ne-hormone i-AVP.
• I-MRI scan - ukubona ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo ku-pituitary gland noma i-hypothalamus ebuchosheni.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Izindlela zokwelapha zincike ekutheni une-AVP-D noma i-AVP-R, kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukwelashwa kunjani, ukuphuza amanzi anele kuyinto edingekayo.

Ukwelashwa kwesimo se-AVP-D

Umuthi oyinhloko osetshenziswa kulokhu yi -Desmopressin . Lena yi-hormone yokwenziwa esebenza ukufaka esikhundleni se-hormone ye-AVP engekho. Ingathathwa njengephilisi, i-spray yamakhala, noma umjovo. Ngezinye izikhathi inikezwa nasezimeni zesikhashana ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ukwelashwa kwesimo se-AVP-R

Ukwelapha lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Ngoba inkinga lapha akuyona ukuntuleka kwama-hormone, kodwa izinso aziphenduli kuwo. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okuhlukene kufanele kusetshenziswe ndawonye.

• I-Thiazide diuretics: Nakuba lena uhlobo lomuthi okhulisa ukuphuma komchamo, isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kulesi simo futhi yehlisa ukuphuma komchamo.
• Imithi engeyona eye-steroidal elwa nokuvuvukala (ama-NSAID): Eminye imithi esesigabeni semithi yokubulala izinhlungu.
• Uma lesi simo sibangelwa omunye umuthi owuthathayo, udokotela wakho uzowushintsha lowo muthi bese ekunika omunye umuthi.

Kungani igama lishintshiwe kusuka ku-'Diabetes Insipidus' laba yi-'Diabetes Insipidus'?

Lena inkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. Isikhathi eside, lesi sifo sasibizwa ngokuthi i-Diabetes Insipidus. Kodwa ngo-2022, izinhlangano eziningana ezinkulu zezokwelapha zahlangana zanquma ukushintsha leli gama.

Isizathu esiyinhloko ukudideka okubangelwa igama elithi "Isifo Sikashukela". Sivame ukusebenzisa elithi "Isifo Sikashukela" ukusho i-Diabetes Mellitus . Kuyisifo esivame kakhulu ezweni lakithi. Sibonakala ngokwanda kwamazinga kashukela egazini. Nakuba zombili lezi zifo zinezimpawu ezivamile zokoma njalo nokuchama, lezi yizifo ezimbili ezihlukene ngokuphelele . Izindlela zokwelapha nazo zihlukile ngokuphelele.

Igama elithi "Diabetes Insipidus" liholele ekutheni ezinye iziguli zihlolwe kabi njengezinesifo sikashukela, ngisho namaphutha okwelashwa. Ukuze kuqedwe lokhu kudideka, igama elithi "Arginine Vasopressin Disorder" manje selisetshenziswa ukubhekisela kulesi simo.

Kungenzeka yini ukuphila ngempumelelo nalesi simo?

Yebo, kungenzeka nakanjani. Uma uthola ukwelashwa okufanele kwalesi simo futhi uphuza amanzi anele njengoba udokotela wakho encoma, ngokuvamile ngeke ube nezinkinga ezinkulu.

Kodwa-ke, amanye amaqembu asengozini enkulu kancane:

• Izinsana ezincane
• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala
• Abantu abanezinkinga ezithile zempilo yengqondo noma ukukhubazeka kokukhula

Laba bantu bangase babe nobunzima bokubona ukuthi bomile noma bacela amanzi ngaleso sikhathi, okubenza babe sengozini enkulu yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.

Uma uzizwa sengathi uhlala endlini yokugezela, futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphuza kangakanani, awukwazi ukuqeda ukoma kwakho, khumbula ukuthi lesi yisimo esilawulekayo. Udokotela wakho uzokwakha uhlelo lokwelapha olufanele wena. Uzokutshela nokuthi kufanele uphuze amanzi angakanani ngosuku ukuze ugweme ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.