Uma ukhuluma nengane yakho encane, esikhundleni sokuphendula umbuzo owubuzayo, wake waphawula ukuthi iphinda umbuzo ofanayo? Noma ingabe iphinda ingxoxo efanayo ku-TV? Ungase ucabange ukuthi kuyihlaya nje. Kodwa ngokwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi
i-Echolalia . Empeleni lokhu kuyinto evamile eyenzekayo lapho ingane ifunda ukukhuluma. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwesimo sezokwelapha. Ngakho ungakhathazeki, namuhla sizokhuluma nge-Echolalia ngendlela ecacile nelula.
Iyini ngempela i-echolalia?
Kalula nje, i-Echolalia iwukuphindwa kwento eshiwo ngomunye umuntu, igama noma umushwana, ngendlela efanayo. Into ebalulekile ukuthi
akuyona inhloso . Kwenzeka ngokwemvelo. Kuvamile kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane ezisaqala ukukhuluma. Kuyingxenye yenqubo yokufunda ulimi. Kuvamile futhi kubantu abane
-Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) .
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-echolalia?
Yebo, odokotela bahlukanisa lesi simo ngezinhlobo eziningana ukuze kube lula ukusiqonda. Ake sibone ukuthi siyini.
| Uhlobo | Incazelo elula |
|---|
| Ngokushesha noma Kubambezelekile | Uma umuntu ephinda into ngokushesha ngemva kokuyisho, ibizwa ngokuthi i-Immediate. Uma umuntu ephinda into ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, mhlawumbe amahora amaningi, ibizwa ngokuthi i-Delayed. |
| Ukuxhumana noma ukuxhumana okuncane | Uma igama eliphindaphindwayo liveza umqondo (isib., ekuphenduleni umbuzo), liwukuxhumana. Kodwa uma kungacaci ukuthi lisho ukuthini, liwukuxhumana okuncane. |
| Okungancishisiwe noma Okuncishisiwe | Uma ukusho futhi ngendlela efanayo nomunye umuntu, kuwuhlobo lwe-Unlimited. Uma ukusho ngendlela ehlukile, kuwuhlobo lwe-Mitigated. |
Ake sibheke isibonelo esincane...
Cabanga ubonisa ingane ithoyizi bese ubuza, "Uyalifuna leli thoyizi?" Bese esikhundleni sokuthi "yebo" noma "cha", ingane ithi "izinto, izinto". Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi
i-Immediate Echolalia . Lapha ingane ingase ifune ithoyizi.
Yini ebangela lokhu?
Asikazi imbangela eqondile ye-echolalia. Kodwa siyazi ukuthi kuyinto
evamile ngokuphelele ukuthi ingane encane ifunde ulimi. Lesi simo sivame ukuphela sodwa lapho ineminyaka emi-3.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, uma ingane iphinda izinto ezifanayo ngokuphindaphindiwe ngisho nangemva kweminyaka emi-3, kungaba uphawu lwesifo esithile esiyimfihlo.
Isimo esivame kakhulu esibonisa i-echolalia yi-
autism spectrum disorder (ASD) . Cishe abantu abangu-75% abane-ASD banalesi sibonakaliso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-echolalia ingabangelwa nalezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- Isifo sokungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo (ADHD)
- I-Aphasia (ubunzima bokukhuluma)
- Ukulimala Ekhanda
- Isifo sokulahlekelwa yingqondo
- Ukulibaziseka Kokuthuthukiswa
- I-Encephalitis
- I-Tourette Syndrome
- I-Schizophrenia-engokomzwelo-engokomzwelo (Schizophrenia)
- Ukucindezeleka Nokukhathazeka
- Isifo sohlangothi
Lolu hlu aluphelele. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo ukuze athole imbangela eqondile.
Iphathwa kanjani i-Echolalia?
Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela. Izinhloso eziyinhloko zokwelashwa yilezi:
- Ukuthola isizathu sokuthi kungani kuphindaphindwa.
- Ukuqonda ukuthi ingane noma umuntu usho ukuthini ngokukuphinda.
- Ukuzijwayeza ukuphendula ngendlela ekhuthaza ukuxhumana okucacile.
Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha lokhu:
- Izindlela zokwelapha ezahlukahlukene: Izinto ezifana nokwelashwa ngenkulumo, ukwelashwa ngomculo, kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo (CBT) zibaluleke kakhulu.
- Imithi: Kwezinye izimo, udokotela angase anikeze imithi yokwelapha isimo esingaphansi kwaso.
Ithimba lochwepheshe bezentuthuko yezinzwa, abelaphi, abelaphi bezinkulumo, kanye nososayensi bezengqondo bayasiza ngalokhu.
Ukusekelwa komndeni kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuzijwayeza lokho okufundayo ezindleleni zokwelapha ekhaya kungenza umehluko omkhulu.
Kufanele sixhumane kanjani nomuntu one-echolalia?
Ukuqonda lokho okushiwo umuntu onjengalokhu kungaba yinselele ngezinye izikhathi, kodwa ngomzamo omncane, singakwenza.
- Qaphela ukuziphatha kanye nolimi lomzimba: Ingabe bakhomba okuthile? Ingabe baphethe okuthile ezandleni zabo? Lokhu kungakunikeza izinkomba ngalokho abazama ukukusho.
- Lalela amagama kanye nezwi: Ingabe kuzwakala njengombuzo? Ingabe kushiwo ngenjabulo? Ingabe kushiwo ngokudabuka? Lezi zinto zingakusiza ukuthi uqonde umqondo.
- Yiba nesineke futhi ungaphazamisi: bavumele baqedele lokho abafuna ukukusho.
Uma usuqonda lokho abakushoyo, kufanele uphendule. Leyo mpendulo kufanele ibe yinhle. Ungabasoli, kodwa phinda lokho abakushoyo ngendlela oyiqondayo. Isibonelo, ake sithathe indaba yethoyizi. Lapho ingane ithi ngenjabulo, "Toy, toy!", ungathi, "O... ndodana, uyalifuna leli thoyizi? Kulungile, nansi," bese ulinika ingane. Lokhu kuzosiza ingane ukuthi ifunde indlela efanele yokuveza izidingo zayo.
Yiziphi izikhathi ezinhle kakhulu zokuya kudokotela?
Lokhu ngokuvamile akuyona into embi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kufanele
nakanjani ubone udokotela wakho ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Uma ingane yakho iqhubeka nokuba ne-echolalia ngisho noma isineminyaka engu-3 ubudala .
- Uma uqale ukukhombisa izimpawu ze-Echolalia futhi ngemva kokukhuluma kahle ngaphambilini.
- Uma lesi sibonakaliso sivele ngokuzumayo kumuntu omdala ongenawo umlando wangaphambilini.
Esimweni esinjengalesi, udokotela angakwazi ukuthola imbangela eqondile futhi, uma kudingeka, akuthumele ekwelashweni okufanele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Echolalia yisimo esivamile esibonakala ezinganeni ezincane ezifunda ukukhuluma. Ngokuvamile iyanyamalala lapho zineminyaka emi-3.
- Lokhu akuhlosiwe. Ngakho-ke ungamsoli umntwana noma umuntu.
- Uma lesi simo siqhubeka ngemva kweminyaka emi-3 noma uma siqala ukuvela kumuntu omdala, kungaba uphawu lwesifo esithile esiyimfihlo.
- Yiba nesineke, qaphela ukuziphatha kwabo, futhi uzame ukuxhumana nabo.
- Uma unokungabaza noma ukwesaba ngalokhu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuxhumana nodokotela womndeni wakho ukuze uthole iseluleko.
I-Echolalia, i-echolalia sinhala, ingane isho into efanayo, i-autism, izinkinga zokukhuluma, intuthuko yengane, ukwelashwa kwenkulumo
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