Uke waphawula ukuthi uma ukhuluma nengane yakho encane, esikhundleni sokuphendula imibuzo yakho, bayayiphinda kuwe? Noma mhlawumbe balingisa ingxoxo evela ohlelweni lwethelevishini njengoba kunjalo? Ungase ucabange ukuthi lokhu kumane kuyimkhuba ekhangayo, kodwa kwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Echolalia . Nakuba kuyingxenye evamile yokuthi bangaki abantwana abafunda ukukhuluma, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwesimo esithile sezokwelapha esingaphansi. Sicela, ungakhathazeki—eNirogi Lanka, silapha ukuze sichaze konke okudingeka ukwazi nge-Echolalia ngamagama alula nacacile.
Iyini ngempela i-Echolalia?
Kalula nje, i-Echolalia isenzo sokuphinda amagama, imishwana, noma imisho ekhulunywe ngomunye umuntu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyiqonde ukuthi lokhu akusona isenzo esihlosiwe ; ngokuvamile kuyimpendulo engenziwanga ngokuzithandela.
Kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane njengoba ziqala ukukhuluma; kuyingxenye ejwayelekile yenqubo yokufunda ulimi. Kodwa-ke, lesi sici sivame ukubonwa nakubantu abanalesi sifo.Isifo Sokuphazamiseka Kwe-Autism (ASD).
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-Echolalia?
Yebo, odokotela bahlukanisa lokhu kuziphatha ngezinhlobo eziningana ukuze baqonde kangcono ukuthi bangakubhekana kanjani nakho. Ake sibheke ukuthi lokhu kuyini:
| Uhlobo | Incazelo Elula |
|---|---|
| Ngokushesha noma Kubambezelekile | Uma umuntu ephinda umusho ngokushesha ngemva kokuwuzwa, kuba yi-"I-Echolalia" Esheshayo. Uma bewuphinda ngemva kwesikhathi esithile—ngezinye izikhathi ngemva kwamahora—kuba yi-"I-Echolalia Ebambezelekile". |
| Ukuxhumana noma ukuxhumana okuncane | Uma amagama aphindaphindwayo enencazelo ecacile (isib., njengempendulo yombuzo), ayindlela yokuxhumana. Uma inhloso yokuphindaphinda ingacacile, kubhekwa njengokuxhumana okuncane. |
| Okungancishisiwe noma Okuncishisiwe | Uma bephinda amagama ngendlela eqondile, kufaka phakathi ithoni yesikhulumi sokuqala, ayinciphisi. Uma beshintsha ithoni noma iphimbo, lihlukaniswa ngokuthi linciphisisiwe. |
Ake sibheke isibonelo esifushane…
Cabanga ubonisa ingane yakho ithoyizi bese ubuza, “Uyalifuna leli thoyizi?” Esikhundleni sokuthi “Yebo” noma “Cha,” ingane yakho iyaphinda ithi, “Ithoyizi, ithoyizi.” Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-Immediate Echolalia . Kulesi sikhathi, ingane yakho cishe izama ukuveza ukuthi iyalifuna lelo thoyizi.
Yini ebangela lokhu?
Nakuba singakayazi imbangela eqondile ye-Echolalia, siyazi ukuthi iyisici esivamile sokuthuthukiswa kolimi ezinganeni ezincane. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuziphatha kuyanyamalala ngokwako cishe eminyakeni emi-3.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, uma ingane yakho iqhubeka nokuphindaphinda amagama ngemva kweminyaka engu-3, kungaba uphawu lwesimo sempilo esidinga ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe.
I-Echolalia isici esivamile se- Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) . Cishe abantu abangu-75% abane-ASD babonisa lesi sici.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Echolalia ingahlotshaniswa nalezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- Isifo Sokungakwazi Ukugxila (ADHD)
- I-Aphasia (ukukhubazeka kolimi)
- Ukulimala Ekhanda
- Isifo sokulahlekelwa yingqondo
- Ukulibaziseka Kokuthuthukiswa
- I-Encephalitis
- I-Tourette Syndrome
- I-Schizophrenia
- Ukucindezeleka Nokukhathazeka
- Isifo sohlangothi
Lolu hlu aluphelele. Udokotela wakho eNirogi Lanka uzokwenza ukuhlolwa okudingekayo ukuze athole imbangela ethile.
Iphathwa kanjani i-Echolalia?
Ukuphathwa kuncike ngokuphelele embangela eyinhloko. Imigomo eyinhloko yokwelashwa ihlanganisa:
- Ukuthola isizathu sokuphindaphinda.
- Ukuqonda lokho umntwana noma umuntu azama ukukuveza.
- Ukukhuthaza ukuxhumana okusebenzayo nokusebenzayo.
Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha ezitholakalayo:
- Ukwelapha: Ukwelapha ngenkulumo, ukwelashwa ngomculo, kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo (i-CBT) kuzuzisa kakhulu.
- Imithi: Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokwelapha izimo eziyisisekelo.
Ithimba elihlanganisa odokotela bezingane abathuthukayo, abelaphi, odokotela bezifo zolimi lokukhuluma, kanye nodokotela bezengqondo basebenza ukusekela umuntu ngamunye. Ukubandakanyeka komndeni kubalulekile; ukuzijwayeza lawa masu ekhaya kungaholela entuthukweni enkulu.
Kufanele ukhulume kanjani nomuntu one-Echolalia?
Ukuqonda umuntu obhekene ne-Echolalia kungaba yinselele, kodwa ngokubekezela okuncane, kuba lula.
- Qaphela ulimi lomzimba: Ingabe bakhomba okuthile? Ingabe babambe into? Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuveza lokho abazama ukukusho.
- Lalela ithoni yabo: Ingabe umbuzo? Ingabe baveza injabulo noma usizi? Ithoni ivame ukunikeza umongo.
- Yiba nesineke futhi ungaphazamisi: Bavumele baqedele umzamo wabo wokuxhumana.
Uma usuyiqondile inhloso yabo, phendula ngendlela eyakhayo. Esikhundleni sokubalungisa, cabanga ngalokho obukuqonda ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana kwabo.
Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa isimo sethoyizi: Uma ingane ithi ngenjabulo “Ithoyizi, ithoyizi!”, ungase uthi, “O, uyalifuna ithoyizi? Nansi,” bese uyinika lona. Lokhu kuyayisiza ukuba ifunde indlela efanele yokuveza izidingo zayo.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu akukubi kangako. Kodwa-ke, sicela uxhumane nodokotela wakho ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Uma ingane yakho ineminyaka engaphezu kwemi-3 ubudala futhi i-Echolalia iqhubeka.
- Uma ingane yakho yayike yaqala ukuxhumana okuvamile kodwa ngokuzumayo iqala ukukhombisa izimpawu ze-Echolalia.
- Uma umuntu omdala eba nalezi zimpawu ngokuzumayo ngaphandle komlando wangaphambilini.
Kulezi zimo, udokotela angakwazi ukubona imbangela futhi akuqondise ekunakekelweni okufanele.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzithathe (eNirogi Lanka)
- I-Echolalia iyingxenye evamile yokuthuthukiswa kolimi lwezingane zakuqala futhi ivame ukuphela lapho umuntu eneminyaka engu-3.
- Akuyona inhloso; sicela ungamsoli noma umthethise umntwana noma umuntu.
- Uma kuqhubeka kudlule iminyaka engu-3, noma uma kuvela uphawu olusha kumuntu omdala, kungase kubonise isimo esingaphansi.
- Khuluma ngesineke futhi uqaphele ukuziphatha kwabo ukuze uqonde kangcono izidingo zabo.
- Uma unemibuzo, isinyathelo esingcono kakhulu ukuvakashela udokotela wakho wokunakekelwa okuyinhloko eNirogi Lanka ukuze ahlolwe ngochwepheshe.
I-Echolalia, i-autism, ukuthuthukiswa kolimi, izinselele zokuxhumana, ukwelashwa kwenkulumo
