Wake wazibuza ukuthi kwenzekani lapho igazi lihamba ngemithambo yegazi emizimbeni yethu bese kwakheka ihlule legazi ndawana thize endleleni? Kungaba isimo esesabekayo nesiphuthumayo. Ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa kwehlule legazi elinjalo elingasongela ukuphila kubizwa ngokuthi i-embolectomy. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-Embolectomy?
I-Embolectomy inqubo yokususa ihlule legazi elinamathele ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi futhi elivimbela ukugeleza kwegazi okuvamile. Ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-thrombectomy. Womabili amagama asho into efanayo, okuwukususa ihlule legazi.
Kungaba nezinhlobo ezimbili zalezi zinhlayiya zegazi:
1. I-Embolus: Cabanga ngehlule legazi elakheka endaweni efana nomlenze wakho, liphuke lapho, lihambe negazi, bese libhajwa kwenye indawo, njengamaphaphu akho. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-embolus , ihlule legazi eliphuma lapho lakheke khona bese libhajwa kwenye indawo.
2. I-Thrombus: Lolu hlobo lwe-blood clot luyakha futhi lubangele izinkinga endaweni efanayo. Lokho kusho ukuthi aluphuki futhi aluyi ndawo, luhlala lunamathele lapho lwakheke khona. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-Thrombus .
Ngokuvamile, ukujiya kwegazi kubalulekile ukuze kumiswe ukopha lapho silimala. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, amajikijolo egazi aqala ukwakheka ezindaweni emzimbeni lapho kungafanele khona. Yilapho odokotela kufanele basuse khona ijikijolo.
Ubani odinga lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Embolectomy kuvame ukunconywa kuphela esimweni esibucayi. Isibonelo, ukugoba kwegazi emthanjeni ojulile emlenzeni kubizwa ngokuthi i -Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) . Uma i-clot iqhuma futhi ihlala emaphashini, ingabangela isimo esiyingozi kakhulu esibizwa ngokuthi i-Pulmonary Embolism . Uma lesi simo singenakulawulwa ngemithi, odokotela basebenzisa lokhu kuhlinzwa.
Kunezici eziningana ezingandisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi:
- Isifo senhliziyo: Uma ukusebenza kwenhliziyo kungajwayelekile, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi kuvele amahlule egazi.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile: Isisindo somzimba esiningi siphinde sandise ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Ukukhulelwa: Ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi iyanda kancane ngenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni nezinye izinguquko emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Umdlavuza: Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza kanye nokwelashwa komdlavuza zingabangela ukuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Izinkinga ezithile zokujiya kwegazi:Le ngozi iphakeme nakubantu abanezimo zofuzo zokujiya kwegazi.
Izindlela ezimbili zokwenza ukuhlinzwa kwe-embolectomy
Kuye ngobukhulu behlule legazi lakho nokuthi litholakala kuphi, odokotela basebenzisa izindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokulisusa. Ake sihlolisise lezi zindlela ezimbili.
| Indlela | Indlela yokukwenza (elula) |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Catheter Embolectomy | Lena inqubo encane. Isikhumba entanyeni noma endukwini siyavaleka, kwenziwa ukusika okuncane, bese kudluliswa ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) kulo ngomthambo wegazi kuya endaweni lapho kuqhekeke khona igazi. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa indlela efana ne-X-ray. Igobolondo legazi liyakhishwa epayipini, njengesihlanzi se-vacuum. Le nqubo ihilela ukusika okuncane, ngakho-ke ukuphulukiswa kuyashesha. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Embolectomy | Lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Le ndlela isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi uma ihlule elikhulu legazi linamathele emaphashini noma enhliziyweni. Lapha, kwenziwa i-sternotomy ephakathi nendawo phakathi kwesifuba, inhliziyo namaphaphu kushintshelwa okwesikhashana emshinini (Cardiopulmonary Bypass), bese udokotela ohlinzayo evula umthambo wegazi ofanele bese esusa ihlule legazi ngesandla. |
Kungani kufanele uhlinzwe? Akunakwenziwa yini ngemithi?
Ngokuvamile, abantu abanamahlule egazi baqala ngokunikezwa imithi yokunciphisa igazi. Isibonelo, ama-anticoagulant (imithi evimbela ukujiya kwegazi) noma ama-thrombolytics (imithi encibilikisa amahlule egazi akhona). Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyadingeka. Amacala anjalo afaka:
- Uma ungakwazi ukuthatha lawa ma-blood thinner ngenxa yezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
- Uma ihlule legazi lingancibiliki naphezu kokuthatha imithi noma isimo sakho siba sibi kakhulu.
- Uma izimpawu ezibangelwa ukuqhekeka kwegazi zinzima kakhulu futhi zidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa? Futhi yiziphi izingozi?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa, mhlawumbe egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU). Odokotela bazokuqapha kuze kube yilapho ukuphefumula kwakho kanye nokusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho kubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile. Uma uhlinzwe ngokuvulekile, isikhathi sakho sokululama sizoba sifushane kancane kunokuba ubuhlinzwe nge-catheter.
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, lokhu kunezingozi ezithile.
- Izingozi zendlela ye-catheter: Ukopha ngenxa yomonakalo emthanjeni wegazi, umonakalo wenhliziyo noma i-arrhythmia, ukungakwazi ukususa ngokuphelele ihlule legazi.
- Izingozi zokuhlinzwa okuvulekile: Ukopha ngokweqile, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (SVT - Supraventricular Tachycardia), ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ukwehluleka kwezinso, kanye nokutheleleka.
Naphezu kwalezi zingozi, into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa kuphela uma kudingeka ngempela ukusindisa impilo. Ngakho-ke, odokotela benza lesi sinqumo ngemuva kokucabangela izinzuzo nezingozi.
Nini ukubona udokotela ngemva kokuhlinzwa
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela umzimba wakho ngisho nangemva kokubuyela ekhaya. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha . Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ukusikwa kuyaphuma, kubomvu, noma kuvuvuke (izimpawu zokutheleleka)
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
- Ukopha ngokweqile
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Embolectomy inqubo yokuhlinzwa esusa ihlule legazi elisongela ukuphila elinamathele emthanjeni wegazi.
- Lokhu kwenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukuhlinzwa okuncane kusetshenziswa i-catheter (ipayipi elincane) kanye nokuhlinzwa okukhulu kusetshenziswa isifuba esivulekile.
- Odokotela batusa lokhu kuhlinzwa kuphela ezimweni ezinzima ezingenakukwazi ukulawulwa ngemithi.
- Njengakuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa, kunezingozi, kodwa lokhu kungadingeka ukuze kusindiswe impilo.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Funa iseluleko sikadokotela ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile.
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