Ingabe umbende wakho nawo uvuvukele? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu (i-Splenomegaly)!

Wake wezwa "nge-spleen ekhulisiwe"? Ungase ube nesifiso sokwazi ngayo. Noma, udokotela kungenzeka ukuthi ukutshelile noma othile omaziyo ngayo. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi iyini le-spleen ekhulisiwe, noma njengoba odokotela beyibiza kanjalo (i-Splenomegaly) , ukuthi iyini, kungani yenzeka, nokuthi yini engenziwa ngayo.

Iyini le spleen? Kwenzekani kuyo?

Kalula nje, i-spleen iyisitho esincane kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Cabanga ngayo ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwesisu sakho, engxenyeni engenhla, ngaphansi kwezimbambo zakho, cishe ngobukhulu benqindi. Iyingxenye yesimiso sethu se-lymphatic kanye nesistimu yomzimba yokuzivikela .

Ubende lunemisebenzi eminingana eyinhloko:

• Ukuhlanzwa kwegazi: Njengesihlungi, kususa amangqamuzana egazi abomvu amadala kanye namagciwane egazini lethu.
• Ukususwa kwemfucuza: Kusiza ekususeni imfucuza egazini nasekuyikhipheni emzimbeni.
• Ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi: Omunye umsebenzi obalulekile we-spleen ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi adingwa yimizimba yethu ukuze ilwe nezifo.

I-spleen enempilo ivame ukuba ngamasentimitha angu-12 ubude futhi inesisindo esingamagremu angu-70. Kodwa-ke, lapho i-spleen ikhula, ingakhula ibe ngamasentimitha angu-20 futhi inesisindo esingaphezu kwamagremu ayi-1,000. Kunzima ukuyicabanga, akunjalo?

Kungani lo mhluzi uvuvukele? Ziyini izimbangela?

Kungaba nezizathu ezahlukahlukene zokuvuvukala kobende. Ezinye zazo zingezesikhashana futhi zizophela zodwa. Kodwa ezinye zazo zingaba izimpawu zezifo ezimbi kakhulu, zesikhathi eside.

Ake sibheke ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko:

• Ukutheleleka: Lena yimbangela evame kakhulu.
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane: Izibonelo zifaka phakathi `(i-Mononucleosis)` (ebizwa nangokuthi isifo sikaKeesin) kanye `(i-HIV)`.
• Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane: njenge-`(Tuberculosis)` (tuberculosis), `(Endocarditis)` (ukutheleleka kwengqimba yangaphakathi yenhliziyo).
• Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane: Ukutheleleka okufana ne-`(Malaria)` kanye ne-`(Toxoplasmosis)` kubeka ingcindezi ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba lwe-spleen. Bese i-spleen iqala ukukhiqiza ama-antibodies amaningi kanye namaseli omzimba kunalokho ekudingayo, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-`(Hyperplasia)` . Lokhu kubangela ukuthi i-spleen ivuvuke.

• Isifo sesibindi: Abantu abanesifo sesibindi, njenge-hepatitis engapheli noma i-cirrhosis, bangaba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme emithanjeni yegazi edlula esibindini nasesinqeni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-portal hypertension . Lokhu kucindezela kungabangela ukuthi igazi lihlangane futhi kubangele ukuthi isinqe sivuvuke. Cabanga ngakho njengepayipi lamanzi elivalekile eligcwala ngamanzi.

• Umdlavuza:
• Umdlavuza okhula egazini, njenge-leukemia kanye ne-myeloproliferative neoplasms (ama-MPN).
• Umdlavuza wezindlala ze-lymph, okungukuthi, i-lymphoma.

Uma amangqamuzana omdlavuza anjengalawa engena ebhodweni bese eqala ukwanda lapho, ibhodwe liyavuvukala.

• Ezinye izizathu:
• Izilonda ezigxile ku-spleen: I-spleen ingakhula ngenxa ye-cyst, i-abscess, noma umdlavuza osakazeke kakhulu osusakazekele ku-spleen.
• Izifo ezihlasela umzimba: Isibonelo, izimo zokuvuvukala zesikhathi eside njenge-lupus, i-sarcoidosis, kanye ne-rheumatoid arthritis zingabangela ukuthi amasosha omzimba asebenze ngokweqile futhi abangele ukuthi ubende uvuvuke.
• Izinkinga zegazi: Ezimweni ezifana ne-hemolytic anemia (ukuwohloka okusheshayo kwamaseli abomvu egazi) kanye ne-neutropenia (ukwehla kohlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi), udende lungase luvuvuke njengoba kudingeka lusebenze kanzima ukususa la maseli.
• Izinkinga ze-metabolic ezizuzwe njengefa: Izifo ezifana nesifo sikaNiemann-Pick, isifo sikaGaucher, nesifo se-sickle cell zibangela ukuthi izinto ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni ziqongeleleke egazini bese zifakwa ezithweni zomzimba. Lapho lezi zinto ziqongeleleka esplenini, ziyavuvukala.
• I-Thrombosis: Uma ihlule legazi lihlala emthanjeni wegazi esibindini noma espleyini, ingcindezi iyanda futhi igazi lingahlangana, okubangela ukuba ispleyini ivuvuke.

Ingabe ukuvuvukala kwe-spleen kuyingozi?

Ubende obuvuvukile buwuphawu lwezimo eziningi ezahlukene zezokwelapha. Ezinye zingase zingabi zimbi kakhulu, kodwa ezinye zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ukuze uthole ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela lokhu. Yilapho-ke kuphela lapho unganquma khona ukuthi kuyadingeka yini ukwelashwa, nokuthi hlobo luni lokwelashwa.

Khumbula, uma i-spleen ekhuphukile ingelashwa, ingaqala ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi wayo. Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-spleen ekhuphukile kakhulu ingaqhuma. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ukuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi kungaqala futhi kungaba yingozi empilweni.

Uma umbende wami uvuvukele, yiziphi izimpawu ezizovela?

Esikhathini esiningi, ngeke uqaphele ukuthi ubende wakho uvuvukele. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, zingase zihlanganise:

• Ubuhlungu ohlangothini olungaphezulu kwesobunxele lwesisu. Lobuhlungu bungabuye budlulele ehlombe noma emhlane kwesobunxele.
• Ubende obuphathekayo: Ngokuvamile, asikwazi ukuzwa ubende ngezandla zethu. Kodwa-ke, uma uvuvukile, udokotela angase akwazi ukuwuzwa lapho ehlola isisu.
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla noma ukuzizwa usuthi ngisho nangemva kokudla kancane: Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba udende olukhulu lucindezela isisu ngaphansi.

Uma i-spleen iqala ukusebenza kabi, izimpawu ezinjengalezi zingase zivele:

• Izimpawu ze-Anemia: Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka, ukhathele, futhi uphaphathekile.
• Umkhuhlane ovamile noma ezinye izifo.
• Ukuphuka kalula nokopha.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona ngenxa yokwanda kwe-spleen?

Ubende obuvuvukile bungabangela ezinye izinkinga.

• Ukufa kwezicubu: Ubende obuvuvukele kakhulu bungase bungatholi igazi elanele. Izicubu zibe sezintula umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba bese ziqala ukufa.
• I-Hypersplenism: Ubende obukhulu bungaba busebenza ngokweqile futhi buqale ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana egazi amaningi kakhulu (amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet). Lokhu kungaholela ezimweni ezifana ne-anemia, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi aphansi, noma ama-platelet aphansi.
• Ukuqhekeka kwe-spleen: Lokhu kuyinto engavamile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, i-spleen ekhuphukile ingaqhekeka uma kukhona into eshaya isisu noma uma uwe kanzima. Ngezinye izikhathi ingaqhekeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Uma i-spleen iqhekeka, kuyisimo esisongela ukuphila.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukuthi udende lukhuphukile?

Ungase uye kudokotela unesisu esingakhululekile. Noma, ungase ube nezimpawu ezihlobene nokugula okunye. Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela bathola i-spleen ekhuphukile ngengozi, kungaba ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile noma ngenkathi befuna okunye.

Udokotela angase azwe udende olukhulu lapho ehlola isisu sakho. Lokhu kungaqinisekiswa futhi ngezivivinyo ezahlukene:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe:
• I-ultrasound yesisu noma i-CT scan ingenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ngabe udengezi luvuvukile, ukuthi luvuvukile kangakanani, ukuthi kukhona yini isimila, nokuthi kukhona yini ingcindezi kwezinye izitho zomzimba.
• I-MRI scan ingabonisa ukuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani ebhodweni.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Uma imbangela ingacacile, udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana. Lokhu kungabheka izimo ezithile, njengomdlavuza, izinkinga zegazi, kanye nokusebenza kwesibindi.
• Ukuhlaziywa komnkantsha: Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase athathe isampula encane yomnkantsha wakho (i-bone marrow aspiration kanye/noma i-bone marrow biopsy). Lokhu kungakunikeza ulwazi mayelana nendlela umnkantsha wakho osebenza ngayo futhi kungasiza ekuxilongeni izifo ezithile.

Ngakho-ke, wenzani uma ubende wakho uvuvukele? Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Ezimweni eziningi, udengezi lubuyela esilinganisweni esijwayelekile uma isimo esiyisisekelo esibangele udengezi ukuthi luvuvuke seselashwa. Ezinye izimo, njengokutheleleka, ziba ngcono ngokwazo. Ezinye izimo zingelashwa ngemithi, ukumpontshelwa igazi, noma ukuhlinzwa.

Ezinye izifo azinawo umuthi wokwelapha. Ezimweni ezinjalo, odokotela bangase banqume ukunikeza ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngomthamo ophansi ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvuvukala kwe-bell, noma ukususa i-bell ngokuhlinzwa (i-spleenectomy).

Kwenzekani uma udengezi lususiwe?

Ungaphila kahle ngaphandle kwe-spleen. Kodwa-ke, amasosha omzimba wakho, okungukuthi, ikhono lakho lokumelana nezifo, azoncipha kancane.

• Udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi uthole imijovo yokukuvikela kwezinye zezifo ezivamile okungenzeka ukuthi uzithole.
• Uzocelwa ukuthi ugqoke isongo se-ID yezokwelapha ukuze ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bazi ukuthi udende lwakho lususiwe.
• Uma ugula, ungase unikezwe ama-antibiotic anamandla kunokuvamile.

Uma nginobende ovuvukele, ngizinakekela kanjani?

Uma une-spleen evuvukele isikhathi eside, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ungalimazi isisu sakho. Ngenxa yokuthi i-spleen ekhulisiwe inamathuba amaningi okuqhekeka, kungcono ukuyeka imidlalo ethinta kakhulu umzimba.

Futhi, i-spleen yakho ingase ingasebenzi kahle noma isebenze ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, qaphela izimpawu ze-anemia (ubumpunga, ukukhathala). Udokotela wakho angase ahlole amazinga egazi lakho ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ingabe kukhona ukudla okungafanele ukudliwe uma uboya buvuvukele?

Odokotela abaqiniseki ngokuphelele ukuthi ukudla esikudlayo kuyawuthinta ngqo umbende wethu. Kodwa-ke, ukudla kwethu kunomthelela omkhulu empilweni yethu iyonke. Uma unembende ekhulisiwe, ungacabanga ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho abuthakathaka. Ngakho-ke, ukudla okunempilo kungenye yezindlela ezilula zokuvikela amasosha omzimba wakho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla kwakho kungathinta nezimo zezokwelapha ezibangela ukuba ubende wakho uvuvuke (ikakhulukazi izimo zokuvuvukala nesifo sesibindi).

Odokotela batusa njalo:

• Gwema noma wehlise ukudla okusheshayo nokucutshunguliwe (ukudla okulula okupakishiwe, amaswidi, amasoseji, njll.). Lokhu kudla kwandisa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni futhi kwandisa i-LDL cholesterol, okuyingozi esibindini kanye nasekugayweni komzimba.
• Yidla ukudla okulwa nokuvuvukala . Lokhu kusho ukudla ukudla okusha kakhulu, okuphelele (imifino, izithelo, nemifino) kanye namafutha angagcwele (atholakala ezinhlanzini namantongomane).

Kunini lapho kufanele ngifune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ngenxa yobende oluvuvukele?

Uma uzizwa ubuhlungu obandayo endaweni lapho kukhona khona i-spleen yakho, okungukuthi, ohlangothini oluphezulu lwesobunxele lwesisu sakho noma ehlombe lakho lesobunxele, ikakhulukazi uma ubuhlungu bukhulu kakhulu uma uphefumula, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ubende obuqhumile cishe bungenzeka uma kukhona okushaya isisu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi bungaqhuma nje. Ngisho nokuqhuma okuncane kungabangela ukopha okuncane, kodwa uma kungelashwa ngokushesha, lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu ngokushesha. Uma welashwa ngokushesha, ungase ukwazi ukugwema isidingo sokuhlinzwa.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, kusukela kulokho esikuxoxile namuhla, ungabona ukuthi i-spleen evuvukile akuyona into okufanele uyithathe kalula. Kungaba uphawu lwenkinga yezempilo eyisisekelo. Uma kungokwesikhashana, kungase kungabi yinto enkulu empilweni yakho iyonke. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhubeka, kungaba yingozi ku-spleen yakho futhi kungaba yingozi.

Ngakho-ke, uma ucabanga ukuthi une-spleen ekhuphukile, noma uma unezimpawu ezihlobene nayo, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela bese uhlolwa. Udokotela uzothola imbangela bese elapha ngokufanele. Ungesabi, kodwa ungakushayi indiva!

I-Splenomegaly , Ubende, Ubuhlungu Besisu, Izimpawu, Ukwelashwa, Izimbangela