Ingabe uthola umuzwa oshisayo phakathi kwesifuba sakho uma udla? Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa umuncu emphinjeni wakho? Noma ingabe unenkinga yokugwinya ukudla? Lezi yizimpawu abantu abaningi abanazo, kodwa zimane zithi "i-gastritis". Kodwa-ke, lezi zingaba izimpawu zenkinga emgudwini wethu wokudla, okungukuthi, emhubheni. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngezinkinga ze-Esophageal.
Kalula nje, yiziphi lezi zifo zomqala?
Kulungile, okokuqala ake siqonde ukuthi iyini i-esophagus. Siyibiza nangokuthi "ipayipi lokudla." Kalula nje, leli yipayipi elenziwe ngemisipha ethwala ukudla kusuka emlonyeni wethu kuya esiswini (esiswini). Uma sigwinya ukudla, leli payipi yilona elisunduzela ukudla phansi esiswini sethu.
Ngakho-ke, izifo ze-Esophageal ziyizifo nezimo ezahlukahlukene ezithinta ukusebenza kwalesi sifo futhi ziphazamise ukusebenza kwaso. Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga eziningi njengobunzima bokugwinya ukudla (i-dysphagia) kanye nesilungulela. Phakathi kwalezi, isifo esivame kakhulu esike sezwa ngaso yi -GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) . Ake sixoxe ngalokho kamuva.
Yiziphi izifo eziyinhloko ezingase zivele emhubheni?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezifo ezithinta umphimbo. Ezinye zivamile, ezinye azivamile kangako. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uziqonde kancane lezi. Ake sizibheke ngendlela elula ukuyiqonda.
| Isimo | Kalula nje, yilokhu okwenzekayo. |
|---|---|
| I-GERD (Isifo Sokuqaqanjelwa Kwesisu) | Lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi i-valve (i-sphincter) ephakathi komphimbo nesisu ayivaleki kahle. Ngenxa yalokho, i-asidi yesisu kanye nezinhlayiya zokudla zibuyela phezulu, okungukuthi, eduze komphimbo bese zingena emphinjeni. Isicanucanu siwuphawu oluyinhloko lwalokhu. |
| I-Achalasia | Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi ivalvu okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla (i-sphincter ephansi ye-esophageal) ayivuli kahle. Lokho kusho ukuthi ayiphumuli. Ngakho-ke ukudla akukwazi ukungena esiswini, kuyabhajwa e-esophagus. Nakuba imbangela eqondile yalokhu ingaziwa, kucatshangwa ukuthi ibangelwa ukulimala kwemizwa elawula imisipha e-esophagus. |
| Umphimbo kaBarrett | Kubantu abane-GERD abangelashwa isikhathi eside, amangqamuzana engxenyeni engezansi yomphimbo aqala ukushintsha ngenxa ye-asidi eqhubekayo ephumayo. Afana kakhulu namangqamuzana esiswini noma emathunjini. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi, njengoba sandisa ingozi yomdlavuza womphimbo. |
| I-Eosinophilic esophagitis | Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi elibizwa ngokuthi ama-eosinophil liqongelela emigudwini yomoya. Lawa uhlobo lweseli oluvame ukwanda kokungezwani komzimba. Lapho lawa maseli eqongelela, ingaphakathi lemigudwi yomoya liyavuvukala (ukuvuvukala). Lesi simo sivamile kubantu abanezinhlobo ezahlukene zokungezwani komzimba. |
| Umdlavuza we-Esophageal | Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-Squamous cell carcinoma kanye ne -Adenocarcinoma . Ukubhema, ukusebenzisa utshwala ngokweqile, i-GERD yesikhathi eside, kanye nezifo ezithile ezibangelwa amagciwane (i-HPV) kwandisa ingozi yokuthola lezi zinhlayiya. |
| I-Esophageal diverticulum | Lokhu yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi isikhwama esincane esiphuma endaweni ebuthakathaka odongeni lomphimbo. Uma udla, izingcezu ezincane zokudla zingabhajwa ngaphakathi kwalesi sikhwama. |
| Ukuqaqamba komlomo wesibeletho | Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukufinyela okungazelelwe, okungavamile, okubuhlungu kwemisipha emphinjeni. Lesi yisimo esingavamile. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthi ukudla kudlulele esiswini. |
| Ukuqina komlomo wesibeletho | Umhubhe uba mncane kakhulu. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezibazi ezenzeka njengoba umhubhe uphola ngemva kokulimala kwesikhathi eside ngenxa ye-acid reflux (GERD). Lokhu kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuthi ukudla nokuphuza kudlule. |
| Ama-hernias e-Hiatal | Imbobo encane ku-diaphragm, umsipha ohlukanisa isifuba nesisu sethu, lapho ingxenye engenhla yesisu iphuma khona esifubeni. Lokhu kwandisa kakhulu ukuthambekela kwe-asidi ekuvuseleleni. |
Yiziphi izinto ezandisa ingozi yokuthola izifo ezinjalo?
Kulungile, manje sesiyazi ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo. Pho kungani zenzeka? Kunezici eziningana ezandisa ingozi yokuthola lezi zifo.
- Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile: Utshwala bungalimaza ulwelwesi lomqala.
- Isisindo somzimba esiningi: Ngenxa yokucindezeleka okukhulu esiswini ngesikhathi sokukhuluphala noma sokukhulelwa, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi okuqukethwe esiswini kuzophuma.
- Imithi ethile: Eminye imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu, imithi yokucindezeleka, kanye neminye imithi elwa namagciwane ingathinta umphimbo.
- Ukubhema: Ukubhema kanye nokuchayeka ekubhemeni intuthu yomuntu obhemayo kungenza buthaka ama-valve emhubheni futhi kwandise ingozi yomdlavuza.
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Uma uthole ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngesimo esifana nomdlavuza entanyeni noma esifubeni, lokho kungathinteka.
Ingabe nawe unalezi zimpawu?
Izimpawu zezifo zomphimbo ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo esiyisisekelo. Kodwa kunezinye izimpawu ezivamile ongazibona. Bheka ukuthi unayo yini eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalezi.
Khumbula, akubona bonke abanalezi zimpawu abanesifo esibi kakhulu, kodwa kuwukuhlakanipha ukuqaphela lokhu bese ucela iseluleko sezokwelapha.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Isilungulela | Umuzwa wokushisa phakathi kwesifuba. Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-GERD. |
| Ubunzima bokugwinya | Ukuzwa iqhubu emphinjeni lapho ugwinya ukudla. Kuzwakala sengathi ucezu lokudla alugwinywanga. |
| Ukubuyela emtholampilo | I-asidi yesisu noma izinhlayiya zokudla ezingagayiwe ezibuyela emphinjeni noma emlonyeni. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba, isisu, noma umhlane | Lobuhlungu bungenzeka ikakhulukazi ngemva kokudla. |
| Ukukhwehlela isikhathi eside noma umphimbo obuhlungu | Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo ngaphandle komkhuhlane, umuzwa weqhubu emphinjeni, kanye nezwi elihoshozelayo. |
| Ukwehlisa isisindo | Uma wehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu noma ngaphandle komzamo, kuyinto okufanele uyikhathalele. |
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma uya kudokotela onalezi zimpawu, uzoqala ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho ngokuningiliziwe. Ngemuva kwalokho uzokuhlola. Ngezinye izikhathi angase azwe ngisho nomphimbo wakho ngenkathi ugwinya.
Udokotela wakho angase akuncomele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze athole ukuthi siyini ngempela lesi sifo. Ungakhathazeki, lokhu ukuhlolwa okuvamile.
- I-endoscopy Ephezulu: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ikhamera encane ekugcineni kwepayipi elincane neliguquguqukayo ngomlomo wakho ukuze kuhlolwe umphimbo, isisu, kanye nengxenye yokuqala yamathumbu akho amancane. Ingcezu encane yezicubu (i-biopsy) ingathathwa endaweni esolisayo ukuze kuhlolwe amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma ezinye izifo.
- Ukugwinya kwe-Barium: Lapha uzonikezwa uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi i-barium ukuze uluphuze. Lolu ketshezi lubonakala lumhlophe kuma-X-ray. Njengoba uluphuza, kuthathwa uchungechunge lwezithombe ze-X-ray. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ngokucacile ukuthi uketshezi luhamba kanjani emhubheni wakho nokuthi luvinjiwe noma luncishisiwe noma kuphi.
- I-manometry ye-Esophageal:Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi imisipha esesifubeni sakho kanye nevalvu (i-sphincter) isebenza kahle kangakanani uma ugwinya uketshezi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-pH ye-Esophageal: Lokhu kulinganisa inani le-asidi (pH) emhubheni. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba khona kwe-GERD.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Izindlela zokwelapha zincike esimweni sakho. Akuwona wonke umuntu onikezwa ukwelashwa okufanayo.
Imithi
Ngokuvamile, kunconywa kuqala ukushintsha indlela yokuphila kanye nemithi.
- Ama-antacid, ama-Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), ama-H2 blockers: Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa inani le-asidi ekhiqizwa esiswini. Lokhu kunciphisa umonakalo kanye nokuvuvukala okubangelwa yi-asidi emgudwini womchamo, noma ngabe kuvela.
- Imijovo ye-Botulinum toxin (Botox®): Lo mjovo ngezinye izikhathi usetshenziselwa ukuvimba ukuqaqamba kwemisipha emgogodleni noma ukukhulula ivalvu.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha kanye nokuhlinzwa
Ezimweni lapho imithi yodwa ingakwazi ukulawula isimo, noma ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungadingeka ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
- Ukwanda kwe-Endoscopic: Inqubo lapho kufakwa khona ipayipi bese kuthi i-esophagus encishisiwe inwetshwe ngokuyifutha ngento efana nebhaluni, efana ne-endoscopy.
- Ukususwa kwe-Esophagectomy: Ukuhlinzwa kokususwa kwengxenye egulayo noma wonke umphimbo. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ezimweni zomdlavuza.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Laparoscopic antireflux (i-Nissen fundoplication): Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ezimweni ze-GERD noma ze-hiatal hernia. Kulokhu, ingxenye engenhla yesisu izungezwe ingxenye engezansi yomhubhe, okuqinisa i-valve.
- I-Heller myotomy kanye ne-POEM (i-Peroral endoscopic myotomy): Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha izimo ezifana ne-Achalasia. Lokhu kuhilela ukusika imisipha ku-sphincter engezansi yomphimbo, ukuyiphumuza nokuvumela ukudla ukuthi kudlule kalula esiswini.
Izinkinga ezingase zenzeke uma zingelashwa
Uma lezi zifo zingelashwa kahle, ngezinye izikhathi inkinga ingaba yimbi kakhulu.
- Uma izimo ezifana ne-GERD ne-Achalasia zingelashwa kahle, ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza womphimbo iyanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Ngenxa yokubuyela emuva kokudla, izinhlayiya zokudla zingahamba ngepayipi lomoya ziye emaphashini. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-aspiration. Lokhu kungabangela izifo zamaphaphu njenge-pneumonia .
- Uma ubunzima bokugwinya buqhubeka, ukudla kungancipha, okuholela ekungondleki kahle kanye nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni .
Izinto esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi
Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthola lesi simo. Lezi zinto zizokusiza kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekulawuleni izimo ezifana ne-GERD.
- Shintsha imikhuba yakho yokudla:Esikhundleni sokudla ukudla okuningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, yidla ukudla okuncane okuningana phakathi nosuku. Yidla ukudla kwakho okuyinhloko okungenani amahora amathathu ngaphambi kokulala. Ungadli ukudla okulula ngemva kokuqeda ukudla.
- Gwema ukudla neziphuzo ezithile: Ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, okubabayo, isosi katamatisi, izithelo ze-citrus (amawolintshi, ama-tangerines), ushokoledi, ikhofi, neziphuzo ezine-carbonated (i-soda) kungenza izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu. Zinciphise.
- Indawo yokulala: Uma ulele, gcina ikhanda lombhede liphakeme cishe ngamasentimitha angu-1.5-1.5. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokubeka into efana nokhuni ngaphansi kwemilenze yombhede. Ukuphakamisa ikhanda lakho ngemicamelo emibili noma emithathu ngeke kusize ngalutho.
- Yeka imikhuba emibi: Uma ubhema, cela usizo lokuyeka. Nciphisa ukuphuza utshwala.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Lawula isisindo somzimba wakho. Vivinya umzimba njalo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokugwinya, kanye nomphimbo omuncu njengokujwayelekile. Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokutheleleka komphimbo.
- Phakathi kwalezi zifo, i-GERD iyona evame kakhulu, futhi imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu yindlela yethu yokuphila engaphilile kanye nemikhuba yokudla.
- Eziningi zalezi zimpawu zingalawulwa ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila kanye nemikhuba yokudla.
- Uma uqhubeka nokuba nezimpawu ezinjengalezi, ungenzi nje noma yini ozizwa uthanda ukuyenza, kodwa nakanjani bheka udokotela ofanelekayo ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele nokwelashwa.
- Uma zingelashwa, ezinye izimo zingaqhubekela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, njengomdlavuza. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha.
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