Uma ugwinya ukudla, wake wazibuza ukuthi kuya kanjani esiswini sakho? Noma ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ushisa esifubeni sakho ngemva kokudla ukudla okubabayo, bese ucabanga ukuthi, "Hawu, kuyini lokhu?"? Sonke sibe nalezi zindaba. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngengxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu ehilelekile kukho konke lokhu. Leyo yi-esophagus, noma njengoba ibizwa ngesiNgisi, `(Esophagus)`.
Kalula nje, iyini i-esophagus?
Umphimbo, uma sikhuluma iqiniso, uwumbhobho wethu wokudla. Okusho ukuthi, uwumbhobho onemisipha othwala ukudla noketshezi kusuka emphinjeni wakho kuya esiswini sakho. Uyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesimiso sethu sokugaya ukudla. Uma sigwinya ukudla, akungeni ngqo esiswini. Umphimbo uyibhuloho elikuthwala liye esiswini ngendlela ehlelekile nephephile.
Cabanga ugwinya irayisi eligcwele umlomo. Okokuqala, lisuka emlonyeni wakho liye emphinjeni wakho. Lapho, imisipha encane, ebizwa ngokuthi i-epiglottis, iyavaleka. Uyazi ukuthi kungani? Kungukuvimbela ukudla kwakho ukuthi kungahambi ngendlela engafanele, kungene emphinjeni wakho (i-trachea). Kukhona nengxenye encane yomphimbo wakho ebizwa ngokuthi i-uvula evimbela lokho okuphuzayo ukuthi kungangeni ekhaleni lakho. Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngaphandle kokuthi uqaphele. Akumangalisi yini?
Isebenza kanjani i-esophagus? Kuyindlela emangalisayo kakhulu!
Lena inqubo engavamile kakhulu. Phezulu nangaphansi komphimbo, kunezindandatho ezimbili zemisipha ezisebenza njengeminyango emibili. Sizibiza ngokuthi "ama-sphincter".
1. I-Upper Esophageal Sphincter: Yilapho kuqala khona umphimbo. Uma ugwinya ukudla, leli valvu lithola isignali ethi, "Nansi ukudla." Ngaleso sikhathi, liyavuleka. Ngemva kokuba ukudla kungene, liyavala futhi. Ngezinye izikhathi, livalwa kahle.
2. I-Peristalsis: Uma ukudla kungena emhubheni, akugcini nje ngokuwa. Imisipha esezindongeni zomhubhe iyafinyela (ifinyela) njengegagasi, isunduza ukudla phansi. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi "i-peristalsis." Le nqubo ihambisa ukudla esiswini kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umi noma ulele phansi.
3. I-Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES): Ngemva kokuba ukudla sekwehle kakhulu, kuba nenye imbobo ngaphambi kokuba ingene esiswini. Leyo yi-sphincter engezansi. Njengengaphezulu, lena ivuleka nalapho ukudla kungena futhi ivumele ukudla kudlulele esiswini. Bese ivala kahle futhi.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi leli sango elingezansi livaleke kahle. Ngoba, leli sango livimbela i-asidi yesisu kanye nojusi wokugaya ukudla ukuthi kungabuyeli phezulu, okungukuthi, ku-esophagus. Isizathu esiyinhloko senkinga "ye-gastritis" noma "isicanucanu" abantu abaningi abanayo ukuthi leli sango elingezansi alisebenzi kahle.
I-Esophagus kanye ne-trachea - ake sazi umehluko oqondile phakathi kwalokhu okubili
Abantu abaningi bayadida lokhu kokubili. I-esophagus kanye ne-trachea kuyimibhobho emibili eseduze komunye nomunye entanyeni, kodwa inemisebenzi ehluke ngokuphelele.
| Isici | Umphimbo | I-Trachea |
|---|---|---|
| Uhlelo | Ingxenye yesistimu yokugaya ukudla | Ingxenye yesistimu yokuphefumula |
| Umsebenzi oyinhloko | Ukuthutha ukudla neziphuzo kusuka emphinjeni kuya esiswini | Ukungenisa nokukhipha umoya emaphashini |
| Indawo | Itholakala ngemuva kwe-trachea nangaphambi komgogodla | Itholakala phambi komphimbo |
Yiziphi izifo nezimo ezivamile ezithinta umphimbo?
Ukudla kwethu kungadala nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngezinye zalezi.
Ukuvuvukala kwesifuba kanye nesimo se-GERD
Lena inkinga evame kakhulu. I-sphincter engezansi ye-esophagus (LES) engikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni ayivaleki kahle, ivumela i-asidi yesisu ukuthi igeleze iye phezulu e-esophagus, okuyilokho esikubiza ngokuthi "i-Acid Reflux". Yilokhu okubangela isilungulela.
Uma lokhu 'Ukubuyela Ebusweni Okune-Acid' kuqhubeka futhi kwenzeka njalo, sikubiza ngokuthi yi -Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) . Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwesilungulela, izimpawu ezifana nokunambitheka okumuncu emlonyeni, ukukhwehlela, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukushaqeka, kanye nobunzima bokugwinya nazo zingase zivele. Uma i-GERD ingelashwa kahle, ingabangela umonakalo omkhulu emgudwini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha
Ngaphezu kwe-GERD, ezinye izinkinga eziningi zingavela.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Achalasia | Lesi yisifo esingavamile. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi i-sphincter engezansi komphimbo (LES) ayivuli ngesikhathi esifanele. Ngakho ukudla akukwazi ukungena esiswini. |
| I-Esophageal Diverticulum | Isikhwama esincane esiphuma endaweni ebuthakathaka odongeni lomphimbo. Uma lesi sikhwama siba sikhulu, ukudla kungase kubambeke futhi kwenze kube nzima ukugwinya. |
| Ama-Varice e-Esophageal | Ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi emhubheni. Uma lokhu kuqhuma futhi kopha, kungaba yingozi empilweni. |
| I-Esophagitis | Ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lomphimbo. Lokhu kungabangelwa yi-acid reflux, izifo, noma imithi ethile. |
| Umphimbo kaBarrett | I-GERD yesikhathi eside ibangela izinguquko emaseli omphimbo ongezansi, okwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza womphimbo. |
Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi umdlavuza womphimbo uvele. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-adenocarcinoma kanye ne-squamous cell carcinoma.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi unalezi zinkinga? Ziyini izimpawu?
Uma unenkinga ngomqala wakho, ungase ube nezimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi, kubalulekile ukunaka.
- Isilungulela:Kuzwakala sengathi kukhona into evuthayo phakathi kwesifuba, ngemuva kwamathambo.
- Ubunzima bokugwinya (i-Dysphagia): Umuzwa wokuminyana noma ubuhlungu lapho ugwinya ukudla.
- Ukubuyela emuva: Ukubuyela kokudla okungagayiwe emlonyeni.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba: Umuzwa wokuqina noma ubuhlungu esifubeni, noma ngabe awuzwakali njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
- Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo: Ukukhwehlela okuba kubi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ebusuku.
- Ukusha noma umphimbo obuhlungu.
- Umoya omubi (i-Halitosis).
- Ukuba mncane ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ukuhlanza noma ukuhlanza igazi.
Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi ubunzima bokugwinya, ukubhajwa kokudla, ukuhlanza igazi, noma ukwehla kwesisindo okukhulu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha . Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zento engathi sína kakhulu kune-gastritis elula.
Udokotela uzixilonga kanjani lezi zimo?
Uma uya kudokotela, uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho futhi, uma kudingeka, akuncomele ukuhlolwa okuthile. Ungakhathazeki, lezi yizo ezizokusiza ukuthi uthole ukuthi yini ngempela engalungile.
- I-Upper Endoscopy: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ipayipi elincane neliguquguqukayo elinekhamera emlonyeni ukuhlola umphimbo, isisu, kanye nengxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancane. Lokhu kuvumela ukubukeka okucacile ngaphakathi kwanoma yikuphi ukulimala, ukuvuvukala, noma izinguquko.
- I-Biopsy: Ngesikhathi se-endoscopy, kuthathwa ingxenye encane yezicubu endaweni esolisayo bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi kukhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza akhona.
- Ukugwinya kweBarium: Kulolu vivinyo , unikezwa uketshezi olufana ne-chalk ukuze uluphuze. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuthathwa izithombe eziningana ze-X-ray. Uketshezi lwe-barium luvumela i-X-ray ukuthi ibonise ngokucacile ukuma komphimbo nokuthi ukudla kuhamba kanjani kuwo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-pH yesisu: Kufakwa ithubhu elincane kakhulu ngekhala liye emhubheni bese lishiywa endaweni yalo cishe amahora angama-24 ukuze kulinganiswe ukuthi i-asidi yesisu ivela kangaki futhi isikhathi esingakanani. Lokhu kusiza ekunqumeni ngokunembile ubukhali be-GERD.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Izindlela zokwelapha zincike esimweni onaso. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukudla kanye nezinguquko endleleni yokuphila kungenza umehluko omkhulu. Abanye abantu badinga imithi, kanti abanye bangadinga nokuhlinzwa.
Izinhlobo zemithi
- Ama-antacid: Lawa aqeda okwesikhashana i-asidi esiswini. Asetshenziselwa ukunikeza impumuzo esheshayo esiswini esibuhlungu.
- Ama-H-2 Receptor Blockers:Lokhu kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-asidi esiswini.
- Ama-Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI): Lawa asebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukukhiqizwa kwe-asidi kune-H-2 blockers, futhi asiza futhi ekwelapheni umonakalo ku-esophagus obangelwa yi-asidi.
- Eminye imithi: Imithi efana neBaclofen inciphisa ukuvulwa okungahleliwe kwe-sphincter engezansi komphimbo (LES).
Izinqubo ezikhethekile kanye nokuhlinzwa
- Ukwanda Komthambo Wesisu: Uma umthambo uncishisiwe (ukuqina) ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwesikhathi eside, kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elinjengebhaluni ukwandisa indawo encishisiwe.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Laparoscopic Antireflux: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ingxenye engenhla yesisu bese uyisonga engxenyeni engezansi ye-esophagus, kudala i-valve entsha. Lokhu kuqinisa i-sphincter engezansi ye-esophagus (LES) futhi kuvimbele i-asidi ukuthi ingakhuphuki.
- Ukufakelwa kwedivayisi ye-LINX: Idivayisi efana nendandatho edonsayo ifakwa eduze komphimbo ongezansi. Lokhu kuvimbela i-asidi ukuthi ingakhuphuki, kodwa kuvumela ukudla ukuthi kudlule kalula.
- Ukususwa Kwesisu: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, njengomdlavuza, isisu singadinga ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umphimbo uyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesimiso sethu sokugaya ukudla. Ukusebenza kwawo kahle kubalulekile empilweni enempilo.
- Ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nokushisa kwesisu okuvamile, ukunambitheka okumuncu emlonyeni, noma ubunzima bokugwinya njengokujwayelekile. Kungaba izimpawu zokuqala zesimo sempilo.
- Ngisho nezinto ezilula njengokunciphisa ukudla okubabayo, okunamafutha, ikhofi, noshokoledi, nokungalali phansi amahora angu-2-3 ngemva kokudla ebusuku kungakunikeza impumuzo enkulu.
- Uma unenkinga ngezimpawu zakho, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuxilongwa okufanele nokwelashwa kunokuzelapha.
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