Siyajuluka usuku lonke, imilomo yethu iyavuza amathe uma sidla, namehlo ethu akhipha izinyembezi uma sizizwa sidabukile. Nakuba singase sicabange ukuthi zonke lezi zinto ziyizinto ezenzeka emizimbeni yethu, ngemuva kwazo zonke lezi zinto kukhona 'amafektri' amancane emizimbeni yethu. Kwezokwelapha, lezi sizibiza ngokuthi izindlala ze-exocrine. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalesi simiso sendlala esimangalisayo.
Kalula nje, ziyini izindlala ze-exocrine?
Izindlala ze-exocrine ziyiqoqo lamaseli akhiqiza izinto ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni wethu (njengokujuluka, amathe, izinyembezi, ubisi, kanye nojusi wokugaya ukudla) bese ezikhipha ngamapayipi amancane (imigudu) ebusweni bomzimba noma emgodini ongaphakathi komzimba. Cabanga ngakho njengohlelo lwamapayipi asetshenziselwa ukuthutha izimpahla ezenziwe efektri ziye endaweni ezihloselwe yona. Lezi zindlala zisakazeka kuzo zonke izitho zomzimba wethu futhi zenza imisebenzi ehlukene endaweni ngayinye.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Exocrine kanye ne-Endocrine glands?
Cishe uke wezwa ngezindlala ze-endocrine. Nakuba zombili ziyizindlala, kunomehluko omkhulu endleleni ezisebenza ngayo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda lo mehluko.
| Isici | Izindlala ze-Exocrine | Izindlala ze-endocrine |
|---|---|---|
| Indlela yokukhipha | Lokhu kunemigudu ehlukene yokuthwala uketshezi. | Lokhu akunazo iziteshi zokukhipha igazi. Amanzi aphuma egazini aqoqwa ngqo egazini . |
| Izinto ezizwakalayo | Izinto ezifana nokujuluka, amathe, izinyembezi, ubisi, ama-enzyme. | Ama-hormone kuphela. |
| Izibonelo | Izindlala zokujuluka, izindlala zamathe, izindlala zokudabuka. | Indlala yegilo, indlala ye-pituitary. |
Khumbula nje: I-Exocrine yizindlala ezine-'Exits' (ephumayo), okungukuthi, imigudu. I-Endocrine yizindlala ezikhipha igazi ngqo ('Endo' - ngaphakathi).
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezindlala ze-exocrine emzimbeni wethu?
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezindlala ze-exocrine ezibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwemizimba yethu. Ake sibheke ezinye zazo nokuthi iyini imisebenzi yazo.
| Uhlobo lwendlala | Kwenziwani (umsebenzi) |
|---|---|
| Izindlala zokujuluka | Sikhiqiza futhi sikhiphe umjuluko. Lokhu kusiza ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wethu. |
| Izindlala ze-sebaceous | I-Sebum iyinto enamafutha ebalulekile esikhumbeni nasezinweleni. Ivikela isikhumba nezinwele. |
| Izindlala zamathe | Ikhiqiza amathe. Lokhu kusiza ekuhlafuneni, ekugwinyeni nasekugayeni ukudla. Kuvikela nezicubu emlonyeni. |
| Izindlala ze-Lacrimal | Lezi zindlala, ezitholakala phezulu kweso, zikhipha izinyembezi. Njalo uma sicwayiza, lezi zinyembezi zisakazeka kulo lonke iso, ziligcine limanzi futhi lihlanzekile. |
| Izindlala zebele | Kukhiqizwa ubisi lwebele. Lolu bisi lwebele lunikeza izakhamzimba ezidingekayo ekukhuleni kwengane nasekuqiniseni amasosha omzimba. |
| Izindlala ze-Ceruminous | Lezi zindlala, ezitholakala ngaphakathi kwendlebe, zikhiqiza i-wax (cerumen) , evikela indlebe ekulimaleni nasekuthelelekeni. |
| Izindlala zesisu | Ikhipha ama-enzyme nama-acid adingekayo ekugayweni kokudla. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isibindi sethu kanye nama-pancreas kuyizitho ezimbili ezikhethekile. Ngoba zombili zisebenza njengezindlala ze-exocrine kanye nezindlala ze-endocrine. Isibindi sikhipha ujusi wokugaya ukudla njenge-bile singene emgudwini wokudla (umsebenzi we-exocrine). Ngokufanayo, i-pancreas ikhipha ama-enzyme okugaya ukudla ngemigudu (umsebenzi we-exocrine). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, zombili lezi zitho zikhipha ama-hormone ngqo egazini (umsebenzi we-endocrine).
Yimuphi umsebenzi ohlinzekwa yilezi zindlala emizimbeni yethu?
Izindlala ze-exocrine zifana neqembu lezisebenzi ezithule emzimbeni wethu. Zisinika izinzuzo eziningi.
- Kusiza ekugayeni ukudla futhi kumunce izakhamzimba.
- Igcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba lisezingeni elifanayo.
- Kuvikela futhi kuthambisa isikhumba nezinwele zethu.
- Kuvikela izicubu zangaphakathi zezitho ezifana namehlo, izindlebe nomlomo.
Izindlala ze-Exocrine zikhipha uketshezi
Lezi zindlala zikhipha imikhiqizo yazo ngezindlela ezahlukene. Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko. Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kungokwesayensi kancane, kodwa masikwenze kube lula.
1. Uhlelo lwe-Merocrine: Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi ukukhishwa kukhishwa kuphela ngaphandle kokubangela umonakalo kumaseli e-gland. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ``Exocytosis``. Lena yindlela ama-sweat glands ethu asebenza ngayo.
2. Uhlelo lwe-Apocrine: Lapha, ukukhishwa kukhishwa ngengxenye encane yolwelwesi lweseli. Okusho ukuthi, kukhishwa ingxenye encane yeseli. Izindlala zethu zebele (ezikhiqiza ubisi lwebele) ziyisibonelo salolu hlelo.
3. Uhlelo lwe-Holocrine: Kulokhu, lonke iseli liyabhujiswa ukuze kukhishwe uketshezi. Yile ndlela izindlala zethu ze-sebaceous ezikhipha ngayo i-sebum.
Yiziphi izifo ezivame ukubangelwa yizindlala ze-exocrine?
Njengoba lezi zindlala zitholakala kuyo yonke imizimba yethu, kunezimo eziningi ezingazithinta. Ake sibheke ezimbalwa zazo.
- I-Hyperhidrosis: Ukujuluka ngokweqile kubangelwa ukuthi izindlala zokujuluka zikhiqiza ukujuluka okuningi kunalokho umzimba okudingayo. Lesi simo singenza kube nzima kwabanye abantu ukuhlangana nabantu.
- I-Bromhidrosis: Iphunga libangelwa amagciwane esikhumbeni aphula umjuluko lapho womile.
- I-Acne (Acne vulgaris): Lezi zindlala ziyimbangela yenkinga yezinduna abaningi bethu ababhekana nazo ebusheni bethu. I-Acne yenzeka lapho izindlala zamafutha zikhiqiza i-sebum, evimba ukuvuleka kwezindlala.
- I-Sjögren's syndrome: Lesi yisifo "esizimele", okusho ukuthi amasosha omzimba ahlasela amangqamuzana awo. Silimaza izindlala zamathe nezezinyembezi, okubangela ukoma ngokweqile komlomo namehlo.
- I-ectasia ye-mammary duct: Ngesikhathi sokuncelisa noma ngezinye izikhathi, izimo ezifana nokuvaleka nokuvuvukala kwe-ducts yezindlala ze-mammary zingavela.
- I-Cystic fibrosis: Lesi yisifo esibangelwa izakhi zofuzo. Ukuguquka kweprotheni okuhilelekile ekukhiqizweni kwe-mucus, umjuluko, kanye nojusi wokugaya ukudla emzimbeni kubangela ukuthi i-mucus ejiyile, enamathelayo iqongeleleke ezithweni zomzimba ezifana namaphaphu kanye ne-pancreas.
- I-Pancreatitis: Ukuvuvukala kwe-pancreas, okungavimba ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme adingekayo ukuze kugaywe ukudla.
Ungabona ukuthi lezi zindlala ze-exocrine zibaluleke kangakanani ekusebenzeni okuvamile kwemizimba yethu. Ngakho-ke uma unenkinga ngalokhu, isibonelo, ukujuluka ngokweqile, umlomo owomile, noma induna engalawuleki, ungalokothi unqikaze ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho . Uzohlola isimo sakho futhi akunike iseluleko esidingekayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izindlala ze-exocrine zihlobo lwendlala ekhiqiza izinto ezifana nokujuluka, amathe, kanye nezinyembezi bese izikhipha ngemigudu ziye ebusweni bomzimba noma emigodini.
- Izindlala ze-endocrine ziyizindlala ezingenamapayipi akhiqiza ama-hormone futhi ziwakhiphe ngqo egazini.
- Lezi zindlala ze-exocrine zenza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile, njengokugaya ukudla, ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba, nokuvikela isikhumba.
- Izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwalezi zindlala zingabangela izinkinga ezifana nokujuluka ngokweqile, induna, kanye nomlomo namehlo okomile.
- Uma unezimpawu ezintsha noma ezikukhathazayo, hlala uthintana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole iseluleko.
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