Ingabe umthambo wegazi entanyeni yakho uzwakala sengathi uyavuvukala? Ake sifunde nge-Carotid Artery Aneurysm!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi imithambo yegazi entanyeni yethu ingaba nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene yini? Ngezinye izikhathi le mithambo ingaba buthakathaka futhi ikhukhumale njengebhaluni. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kuyesabisa kancane, uma sikuqaphela lokhu, singenza into efanele ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokungadingekile. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esinjalo, okungukuthi , i-Carotid Artery Aneurysm .

Kuyini i-Carotid Artery Aneurysm? Kwenzekani ngempela?

Kalula nje, i-aneurysm yemithambo ye-carotid yisimo lapho ingxenye yemithambo ye-carotid, etholakala kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zentamo yethu, iba buthakathaka futhi iqhume. Le mithambo ye-carotid iyimithambo yegazi ebaluleke kakhulu ngoba inikeza ingxenye enkulu yegazi ebuchosheni bethu, ekhanda, ebusweni nasentanyeni.

Umthambo omkhulu we-carotid, oqala phezulu esifubeni sethu, uhamba uye entanyeni futhi uvame ukuhlukana ube amagatsha amabili phakathi nentamo. Omunye umthambo we-carotid wangaphakathi kanti omunye umthambo we-carotid wangaphandle . Nakuba lawa ma-aneurysms angavela kunoma iyiphi yale mithambo ye-carotid, avame ukubonakala kakhulu emthambo we-carotid wangaphakathi.

Cabanga ngakho njengokufutha umoya ungene ebhaluni. Njengoba umoya ukhula, udonga lwebhaluni luba luncane futhi lukhulu, akunjalo? Kunjalo nangalena. Lapho ingxenye yodonga lwemithambo yegazi iba buthakathaka, leyo ngxenye iqala ukukhukhumala ngaphansi kwengcindezi yegazi. Njengoba lokhu kukhukhumala kukhula, udonga lwemithambo yegazi luba luncane. Khona-ke ingozi yokuqhuma kwayo iyanda. Yingakho kuthiwa lapho i-aneurysm iba nkulu, kulapho ingaba yingozi khona.

Lesi simo singaba sibi kangakanani?

I-aneurysm yemithambo ye-carotid yinto eyenzeka emithanjeni ehambisa igazi ngqo ebuchosheni bethu, ngakho akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke i-aneurysms ezingathi sína ngokulinganayo.

Amanye ama-aneurysm mancane kakhulu futhi angahlala endaweni yawo iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kokubangela izinkinga. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi amahlule egazi angakheka kule ndawo evuvukele. Uma la mahlule egazi ephuka futhi avimbe umthambo wegazi ebuchosheni, angabangela ukuhlaselwa yi-ischemic okuhamba kancane (i-TIA), i-mini stroke, noma i- unomphela .

Uma i-aneurysm enkulu iqhuma ngokuzumayo (iqhuma) , ukuphuma kwegazi kuqala ukugeleza ebuchosheni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isifo sohlangothi esophayo . Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela ukuphila.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-aneurysm yangempela kanye ne-aneurysm yamanga?

Odokotela bahlukanisa la ma-aneurysm abe izinhlobo ezimbili, kuye ngokuthi iqhubu lakheka kanjani.

• I-Aneurysm Yeqiniso:Yilapho zonke izingqimba ezintathu zodonga lwemithambo yegazi (ezibizwa ngokuthi ``Intima, Media, Adventitia'') ziba buthaka futhi zikhukhumala ngaphandle. Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu ukugcwala kwamafutha emithanjeni yegazi, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi ``I-Atherosclerosis''.
• I-Aneurysm yamanga noma i-pseudoaneurysm: Lokhu kuwukuvuvukala kwengqimba eyodwa noma ezimbili zodonga lwemithambo. Kubonakala sengathi isikhwama esincane sivuvukile emithanjeni. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa ukulimala kwemithambo ngenxa yengozi, ukutheleleka, noma izinkinga ezivela ekwelashweni kwezokwelapha .

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lokhu kuyi-aneurysm yangempela noma i-aneurysm yamanga, kokubili kungabangela izinkinga futhi kungadinga ukwelashwa.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo? Sivame kangakanani?

Ama-aneurysm emithambo ye-carotid avame kakhulu kubantu abadala, ikakhulukazi labo abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-50 no-60. Kodwa-ke, awavamile ukwenzeka ezinganeni.

Lesi akusona isimo esivamile kakhulu. Eqinisweni, ngaphansi kweyodwa kweziyi-100 ze-aneurysms emzimbeni kubikwa ukuthi ziyi-carotid artery aneurysms.

Ziyini izimpawu? Uzibona kanjani?

Abanye abantu bane-aneurysm yemithambo ye-carotid kodwa abanazo izimpawu. Batholakala ngengozi kuphela uma beskenwa ngesinye isizathu.

Iningi labantu abathola izimpawu bahlaselwa yi-transient ischemic attack (TIA) noma i-stroke. I-TIA ifana "ne-mini-stroke." Kungaba futhi uphawu oluyisixwayiso sokuthi i -stroke enkulu iyeza ezinsukwini noma emavikini ambalwa azayo. Kokubili i-TIA kanye ne-stroke kubangelwa ukuphazamiseka kokugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni.

Lezi yizimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha! Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kufanele uye esibhedlela ngokushesha:

* Ukubona okufiphele noma ukwehla kokubona kwelinye noma kuwo womabili amehlo.

* Ubunzima bokuhamba, ukungingiza.

* Isiyezi, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi.

* Ukuba ndikindiki noma ubuthakathaka ebusweni, engalweni, noma emlenzeni, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba.

* Ikhanda elibuhlungu ngokuzumayo, elinzima.

* Ubunzima bokukhuluma, ubunzima bokuqonda okushiwo abanye. Ukungaqondi kahle noma ukudideka.

Ungase ungakwazi ukucela usizo wedwa uma unalezi zimpawu ezinzima. Yingakho kubalulekile ukufundisa umndeni wakho nabangani ngezimpawu ze-TIA kanye ne-Stroke. Uma uhlala wedwa, futhi kungumqondo omuhle ukucabangela i-Medical Alert System (MAS) ongayicindezela ukuze uyicele usizo.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu ze-TIA kanye nesifo sohlangothi, uma i-aneurysm ikhula ngokwanele ukucindezela eminye imizwa noma imithambo yegazi entanyeni noma ekhanda,Nazi ezinye izimpawu ezingase zivele:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ukuhosha kwezwi.
• Ubuhlungu bentamo.
• Ukuvuvukala kobuso.
• Kuzwakala sengathi ifindo entanyeni yami, sengathi liyadonswa.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya.
• Izinkinga zokubona.

Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, kungcono ukubona udokotela.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?

Kungaba nezimbangela eziningana ze-aneurysm yemithambo ye-carotid.

• I-atherosclerosis (ukugcwala kwamafutha emithanjeni yegazi): Lena imbangela eyinhloko nevame kakhulu.
• Izimo ezenza buthaka izindonga zemithambo yegazi: Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-Fibromuscular Dysplasia kanye nezinye izifo ze-Connective Tissue.
• Izinkinga zokwelashwa: Ngezinye izikhathi kungabangelwa izinto ezifana nokuhlinzwa kwe-carotid endarterectomy (ukuhlinzwa kwe-carotid artery), ukufakwa kwepayipi emthanjeni omkhulu entanyeni, noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-radiation (ukwelashwa ngemisebe) (ukwelashwa ngemisebe) komdlavuza.
• Ukulimala okukhulu emthanjeni: Isibonelo, kungabangelwa ingozi enkulu, njengokudutshulwa noma ukugwazwa.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi? (Izici Eziyingozi)

Kunezici eziningana ezingenza buthaka izindonga zemithambo yegazi, okwandisa ingozi yokuba ne-aneurysm:

• Uma othile emndenini eke waba ne-aneurysm (isixhumanisi esizuzwe njengefa).
• Uma une- high blood pressure (umfutho wegazi ophakeme) .
• Uma ubhema noma usebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo kagwayi.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Odokotela baxilonga i-aneurysm yemithambo ye-carotid ngokwenza izivivinyo eziningana, njenge:

• Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Phakathi nalokhu, udokotela uzobeka i-stethoscope entanyeni yakho bese elalela umsindo wegazi eligeleza kuyo. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kukhona i-aneurysm, kungase kuzwakale umsindo ohlukile othi "swoosh" (carotid bruit).
• Umlando wezokwelapha womndeni: Udokotela uzobuza ngezimo zezokwelapha emndenini wakho, ngoba uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba ne-aneurysm, nawe ungase ube sengozini.
• Umlando wakho wezokwelapha: Udokotela wakho uzobuza nganoma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha onazo kanye nanoma yimiphi imithi oyiphuzayo. Lokhu kungasiza ekutholeni imbangela ye-aneurysm.
• Ukuhlolwa Kokuthwebula Izithombe: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubonisa ngqo ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi kwe-carotid artery nokuthi indawo ezungezile ibukeka kanjani. Lokhu yilokho okuzoqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona i-aneurysm futhi kunqume ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela benza lezi zivivinyo ngoba besola ukuthi kukhona i-aneurysm ngokusekelwe ezimpawini. Ngezinye izikhathi, zitholakala ngengozi ngenkathi kwenziwa izivivinyo zesinye isimo (`(Incidental Diagnosis)`).

Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko kokuxilongwa:

• I-CT Scan (I-Computed Tomography - I-CT Scan)
• Iskeni se-MRA (i-Magnetic Resonance Angiography - i-MRA)
• Ukuskena kwe-Ultrasound

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, udokotela wakho angase akuphakamisele ezinye izivivinyo:

• Ukuhlolwa kobuchopho ukuhlola ukuhamba kwegazi ebuchosheni nokubona ukuthi kukhona yini ezinye i-aneurysms.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ukuze kuhlolwe izimo zofuzo.
• Ezinye izikena zokuhlola ama-aneurysms kweminye imithambo yegazi emikhulu emzimbeni (isb., i-aorta).

Iyini indlela yokwelapha lokhu?

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha i-aneurysms yemithambo ye-carotid. Izinhloso eziyinhloko zokwelapha ukunciphisa izimpawu nokunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga ezinkulu, njengokuqhekeka kwe-aneurysm noma ukukhubazeka.

Udokotela uzocabangela izici eziningana ukuze anqume ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa noma enye inqubo:

• Usayizi we-aneurysm.
• Indlela i-aneurysm ekhula ngokushesha ngayo .
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unezimpawu noma cha .

Izinketho eziyinhloko zokwelapha yilezi:

• Ukuqapha
• Ukuhlinzwa Okuvulekile
• Ukuxhunyelelwa Kwe-Stent Ye-Endovascular

Ukuqapha / Ukulinda Ngokuqaphile

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "ukulinda ngokuqapha." Lokhu kuhilela udokotela wakho ukuqhubeka nokuqapha i-aneurysm yakho. Uzoba nokuhlolwa okufana ne-ultrasound, i-CT scan, noma i-MRI scan njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-6 kuya kweziyi-12 ukuze ubone ukuthi i-aneurysm iyashintsha yini. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ama-aneurysm amancane, angenazimpawu .

Uma unomfutho wegazi ophakeme, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokucindezela kwegazi . Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka kwe-aneurysm. Bangase bakunike imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol .

Ukuhlinzwa Okuvulekile

Lena yindlela yokwelapha yendabuko. Kulokhu, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa ingxenye eyonakele, evuvukele yomthambo we-carotid bese edala indlela entsha yokugeleza kwegazi endaweni yawo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-bypass grafting .

Ukuze adale lo mthambo wegazi omusha (i-graft), udokotela ohlinzayo angasebenzisa ucezu lomthambo wegazi oluthathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho, noma angasebenzisa umthambo owenziwe ngezinto zokwenziwa ezifana ne-GORE-TEX® .

Ukuxhunyelelwa Kwe-Stent Ye-Endovascular

Lena inqubo engadingi ukungenelela okuningi kunokuhlinzwa okuvulekile. Ubukhulu be-aneurysm kanye nendawo ekuyo emthanjeni we-carotid kuzonquma ukuthi ungumuntu ofanelekela le nqubo.

I-Endovascular isho ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yakho, kusetshenziswa amapayipi amade, amancane (ama-catheter).Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza imbobo encane emthanjeni osesiswini sakho, afake le payipi ngayo, bese ethumela i-stent graft (ithubhu elincane elibukeka njenge-mesh) ku-aneurysm ngaphansi kwesiqondiso se-X-ray. I-stent graft ibe isifuthwa ngaphakathi komthambo, imboze i-aneurysm. Igazi libe seligeleza nge-stent graft entsha.

Yikuphi ukwelashwa okufanele mina?

Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele. Uzocabangela isimo sakho nezidingo zakho. Ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukwelashwa, udokotela wakho uzochaza ngokucacile izinzuzo, ukungalungi, kanye nemiphumela emibi. Uzochaza nokuthi ungalungiselela kanjani ukwelashwa kanye nesikhathi sokululama ngemva kokwelashwa.

Yini esingayenza ukuze sinciphise le ngozi?

Ezinye izinto eziyingozi (isib. umlando womndeni) zingaphezu kwamandla ethu. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto esingazenza ukuze sigcine imithambo yethu iphilile futhi sinciphise ingozi yokuba ne-aneurysm:

• Gwema ukubhema, ukuvasa i-vape, noma ukusebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo kagwayi ngokuphelele. Cela usizo kudokotela wakho ukuyeka.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo, okunamafutha agcwele, usawoti kanye noshukela omncane.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo njengoba uqondiswe udokotela wakho.
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Lawula izinto eziyingozi njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
• Thatha umuthi onikezwe udokotela ngesikhathi esifanele.
• Thola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha minyaka yonke futhi ungaphuthelwa ama-aphoyintimenti kadokotela wakho.

Yini okufanele uyicabange uma uthola ukuthi une-aneurysm?

Ikusasa lomuntu one-aneurysm yemithambo ye-carotid lingahluka. Abanye abantu bane-aneurysm encane odokotela abayiqaphela iminyaka kuphela. Kwabanye, i-aneurysm ikhula ngokushesha futhi idinga ukwelashwa. Nakuba ukuhlinzwa nokwelashwa kwe-endovascular kungalapha ama-aneurysm, nakho kunezingozi. Khuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ngesimo sakho nokuthi yini ongayilindela esikhathini esizayo.

Kufanele ngizinakekele kanjani? (Ukuzinakekela)

Landela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho mayelana nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila ukuze usize ekuphatheni isimo sakho. Futhi, buza ngemisebenzi engalungile kuwe. Kungase kudingeke ugweme imisebenzi ethile ekhandla kakhulu emzimbeni wakho .

Yiziphi izikhathi ezikhethekile lapho kufanele ubonane nodokotela?

Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi udinga ukubona udokotela kangaki nokuthi udinga ukuhlolwa yini. Qiniseka ukuthi uya kuzo zonke lezo zikhathi zokubonana.

Shayela udokotela wakho ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Uma kuvela uphawu olusha noma izimpawu ezikhona zishintsha.
• Uma unemiphumela emibi evela emuthini owuthathayo.
• Mayelana ne-aneurysm yakho kanye nohlelo lwakho lokwelashwaUma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza.

Nini ukuya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) :

Uma unezimpawu "zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo", "stroke", noma "TIA", shayela u-911 noma inombolo yakho yezimo eziphuthumayo yasendaweni ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma uthola ukuthi une-aneurysm yemithambo ye-carotid, ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi. Kodwa ungase ungazi ukuthi uzoqala kuphi. Nansi eminye imibuzo ongayibuza ukuqala ingxoxo:

• Ikuphi i-aneurysm? Entanyeni noma ngaphakathi kwekhanda?
• Ingakanani i-aneurysm?
• Ingabe ngizodinga ukwelashwa? Uma kunjalo, nini?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha enginazo?
• Yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwenketho ngayinye yokwelashwa?
• Yini okufanele ngiyilindele ngesikhathi sokululama ngemva kokwelashwa?
• Yiziphi izinguquko zendlela yokuphila okudingeka ngizenze?
• Ingabe kukhona imisebenzi okungafanele ngiyenze?
• Ingabe kuzodingeka ngenze ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe? Uma kunjalo, kunini?

Umehluko phakathi kwe-aneurysm entanyeni (ngaphandle kwekhanda) kanye ne-aneurysm engaphakathi kwekhanda (ngaphakathi kwekhanda)

Womabili la magama abhekisela ku-aneurysm eyakheka emthanjeni we-carotid. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kubhekisela ekwehlukeni kwendawo ye-aneurysm.

• I-Extracranial isho ukuthi i-aneurysm ingaphandle kwekhanda, okusho ukuthi isendaweni yentamo .
• I-Intracranial isho ukuthi i-aneurysm ingaphakathi kwekhanda .

Umthambo wethu wangaphakathi we-carotid uhlukaniswe ngalezi zingxenye ngoba uhamba uye phezulu entanyeni uye ekhanda. Kalula nje, ingxenye yomthambo osentanyeni (ingxenye yomlomo wesibeletho noma i-C1) ibizwa ngokuthi ingxenye yangaphandle kwekhanda. Izingxenye ezingemuva kokuba umthambo ungene ekhanda (izingxenye ezithambile, i-lacerum, i-cavernous, i-clinoid, i-ophthalmic, ezixhumanayo - i-C2 kuya ku-C7) zibizwa ngokuthi ingxenye yangaphakathi kwekhanda. Akudingeki ukhumbule la magama, kodwa uma udokotela wakho ethi okuthile okufana nokuthi, "Une-aneurysm emthambo wakho wangaphakathi we-carotid kwesobunxele, ingxenye yomlomo wesibeletho," akushoyo ukuthi kukhona i-aneurysm engxenyeni yomthambo osentanyeni yakho ohlangothini lwesobunxele, ngaphandle kwekhanda.

Ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho nganoma yimaphi amagama ezokwelapha ongawaqondi. Ngaleyo ndlela, ungathola ukuqonda okungcono ngalokho okwenzekayo emzimbeni wakho nokuthi kwenzekani.

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma uthola ukuthi une-aneurysm. Imibuzo efana nokuthi "Kungani lokhu kwenzeke kimi?" kanye nokuthi "Ingabe impilo yami yansuku zonke izoshintsha?" ingase ifike engqondweni. Ungase futhi wesabe izinkinga.

Kodwa, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungakhathazeki.Ngobuchwepheshe bezithombe obuthuthukisiwe banamuhla kanye nokwelashwa, abantu abaningi bangaphila impilo evamile. Abanye bangase bakwazi ukuqapha i-aneurysm yabo, kanti abanye bangadinga ukwelashwa.

Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-aneurysm yemithambo ye-carotid, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo kanye nokwelashwa. Uma i-aneurysm incane, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukubhekwa. Qiniseka ukuthi ugcina ama-aphoyintimenti kadokotela wakho kanye nama-scan nsuku zonke. Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Ungabhekana nalesi simo ngokulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele nokuba nesimo sengqondo esihle.

I - Aneurysm ye-Carotid Artery, i-Aneurysm ye-Carotid Artery, imithambo yegazi yentamo, ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni, i-TIA, i-Mini Stroke, i-Stroke, ukukhubazeka, izimpawu ze-Aneurysm, ukwelashwa kwe-Aneurysm