Ake sifunde kabanzi nge-Fat Embolism Syndrome.

Uma umuntu ewa futhi ephuka ingalo noma umlenze, noma eba nengozi enkulu, sicabanga kakhulu ngokulimala. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, kuba nesimo esihambisana nezenzakalo ezinjalo, esingakhulumi kakhulu ngaso, kodwa esingaba yingozi. Esinye isimo esinjalo sibizwa ngokuthi "i-Fat Embolism Syndrome ." Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Iyini le `(Fat Embolism Syndrome)`?

Kalula nje, `(Fat Embolism Syndrome)` yilapho izinhlayiya zamafutha, noma amaconsi kawoyela, ebhajwa emithanjeni yegazi yakho futhi ephazamisa ukugeleza kwegazi. Cabanga ngakho njengodaka olubhajwa epayipini lamanzi bese amanzi eyeka ukugeleza. Lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuvinjiwe ngale ndlela, ubuchopho, amaphaphu, isikhumba, nezinye izingxenye eziningi zomzimba kungathinteka. Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Esikhathini esiningi, asibi kangako. Kodwa-ke, uma isimo siba sibi kakhulu, singaba yingozi kancane.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-fat embolism kanye ne-pulmonary embolism?

Ngaphambi kokuqonda umehluko phakathi kwalezi ezimbili, ake siqonde incazelo yamagama ambalwa.

• I-Embolism: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho into inamathela ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kungaba yi-blood clot, i-air bubble, noma ngisho naleyo ngxenyana yamafutha esikhuluma ngayo.
• Ukuvaleka Kwamafutha: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ingxenye eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yamafutha inamathela ngaphakathi komthambo wegazi.
• I-Pulmonary Embolism: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho into inamathela emthanjeni wegazi emaphashini.

I-pulmonary embolism ivame ukubangelwa ukuqhekeka kwegazi, kodwa futhi ingabangelwa i-fat embolism. Kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esisongela impilo. Ku-Fat Embolism Syndrome, noma ngabe i-pulmonary embolism ingenzeki, kungase kube nobunzima bokuphefumula.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo?

I-fat embolism ingenzeka kunoma ubani. Kodwa ngokumangazayo, ayivamile ezinganeni ezincane. Kuvame kakhulu uma uphuka i-pelvis noma ithambo elide emzimbeni wakho.

Nakuba kungavamile kakhulu, kungabangelwa nezinye izimo. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Ukuhlinzwa kokushintsha idolo noma inqulu
• Ukusha okukhulu
• Uma uthola ukuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo okuphuthumayo (i-CPR)
• I-bone marrow biopsy noma ukufakelwa
• I-pancreatitis ebukhali
• Isibindi esinamafutha
• Ukususwa kwe-liposuction
• Ezimweni ezifana ne-sickle cell anemia.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Eqinisweni, njalo uma uphula ithambo, izinhlayiya ezincane zamafutha zingangena egazini lakho. Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, azinkulu ngokwanele ukubangela inkinga.

I-Fat Embolism Syndrome yenzeka kubantu abangu-0.5% kuya ku-2% abaphula ithambo elilodwa elide, njenge-femur. Kodwa-ke, uma kuphuka amathambo amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ikakhulukazi i-pelvis, ingozi ikhuphuka ifike ku-5% kuya ku-10%.

Kwenzekani emzimbeni kulesi simo?

`(I-Fat Embolism Syndrome)` ingaba yingozi uma ifinyelela ezingeni elibi kakhulu. Ngoba ingenza kube nzima kakhulu ngawe ukuphefumula. Uma iba yimbi kakhulu, ingabeka ukucindezeleka okukhulu enhliziyweni ngenxa yomphumela emaphashini, noma umphumela emaphashini ungabeka ukucindezeleka okukhulu enhliziyweni, okubangela inhliziyo ukuthi iyeke ukusebenza futhi kubangele nokufa.

Yiziphi izizathu zalokhu?

I-fat embolism yilapho inhlayiya eyodwa noma ngaphezulu efana namafutha ingena egazini lakho futhi ivimbele ukugeleza kwegazi ngemithambo yegazi ethile. Lawa ma-fat emboli akheka noma nini lapho ithambo liphuka. Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, mancane kakhulu kangangokuthi awabangeli izinkinga. Yingakho la ma-fat emboli engavamile ukubangela izinkinga.

Lezi "fat emboli" cishe zibangela izinkinga uma ziphula izinhlobo ezithile zamathambo. Ama-95% ala macala ahilela ukuphuka kwethambo lesinqe "(pelvis)" noma amathambo amade omzimba. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu uma ithambo lethanga "(femur)", ithambo elikhulu ngaphansi kwedolo "(tibia)" kanye nethambo elincane elingemuva kwalo "(fibula)" liphukile.

Esikhathini esiningi, lezi zinhlayiya zamafutha eziqongelela egazini zingabhajwa emithanjeni yegazi emincane kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi ama-capillary, aseduze nobuso besikhumba sakho. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezincane njengokuqubuka kwesikhumba. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, lezi zinhlayiya zamafutha zingabhajwa emithanjeni yegazi emincane kakhulu ezindaweni ezibaluleke kakhulu njengenhliziyo, ubuchopho, amehlo, namaphaphu, okubangela izinkinga ezinkulu nezisongela ukuphila.

Udokotela angase asole lesi sifo uma kunezimpawu ezintathu eziyinhloko (nakuba ukuxilongwa kungenziwa ngaphandle kwazo zonke ezintathu). Lokhu ukuqubuka kwesikhumba okuhlukile, imiphumela ekusebenzeni kobuchopho, kanye nemiphumela emaphashini.

Ziyini izimpawu?

I-Fat Embolism Syndrome ivame ukuvela zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-2-3 zokuphuka okukhulu noma okunye ukulimala okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ingavela ngokushesha nje emahoreni angu-12 ngemva kokulimala. Izimpawu eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula: Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuphefumula okusheshayo, kanye nokuphelelwa umoya kuyizimpawu ezivamile ze-"Fat Embolism Syndrome." Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela okokuqala.
• Izinguquko zesimo sengqondo: Lesi simo singathinta ukusebenza kobuchopho. Lokhu kungabangela ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukudideka, izinguquko ekuziphatheni, ukungasabeli kahle noma ukubambezeleka ekuphenduleni. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuxhuzula kanye ne-coma kungenzeka.
• Ukuqhuma kwe-Petechial:Ama-Petechiae amabala amancane, afana nokuphuka avela esikhumbeni sakho. Avela lapho imithambo yegazi emincane ebizwa ngokuthi ama-capillary ngaphansi kwesikhumba iqhuma. Lawa mabala avame ukubonakala ekhanda, entanyeni, esifubeni nasezingalweni. Angavela nangaphakathi kwamehlo nangaphakathi emlonyeni. Lokhu kuqubuka kuqondene ngqo nalesi sifo.

Ezinye izimpawu ezingaba khona:

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• Imfiva
• I-jaundice (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma ukumhlophe kwamehlo ngenxa yesifo sesibindi)
• Izinguquko zombono

Kunezinye izimpawu zomtholampilo odokotela abangazihlola. Lezi kungase kungabi yizimpawu ongase uzibone, kodwa zingatholakala ngokuhlolwa:

• Ukugcwala komoya-mpilo wegazi okuphansi
• I-anemia
• Izinkinga zezinso
• Izinkinga zokubona
• Inani eliphansi lama-platelet kanye nezinye izinguquko kumakhemikhali egazi.

Ingabe lokhu kuyathelelana?

Cha, `(Isifo Sokusha Kwe-Fat Embolism)` akusona isifo esithathelwanayo.

Kutholakala kanjani lokhu?

Okwamanje, ayikho indlela ejwayelekile eyamukelwa emhlabeni wonke yokuxilonga lesi sifo. Ngakho-ke, odokotela baxilonga lesi sifo ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga, kanye nokuhlolwa kwelebhu.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, udokotela uzobheka izimpawu emzimbeni wakho. Bazolalela inhliziyo namaphaphu akho nge-stethoscope.

Izimpawu ezintathu eziyinhloko esixoxe ngazo ngaphambili - ukuphelelwa umoya, izinguquko esimweni sengqondo, kanye nokuqubuka kwe-petechial - kuvame ukubonakala ngaphandle. Ngakho-ke, ezimweni eziningi, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lesi sifo singatholakala ngokuhlolwa ngokomzimba kuphela.

Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa okwenziwayo?

Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kungenziwa ukuze kutholakale lesi sifo:

• Izifundo zokuthatha izithombe: Odokotela bangase ba-ode ama-X-ray, ama-CT scan, noma ama-MRI scan ekhanda lakho noma esifubeni ukuze banqume izimo ezisongela ukuphila ezifana nesifo sohlangothi noma i-pulmonary embolism. Lezi zithombe zingasiza ekunqumeni izimo ezinjalo futhi ziqinisekise i-Fat Embolism Syndrome.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga: Uma izimpawu ze-Fat Embolism Syndrome zithinta inhliziyo, lezi zivivinyo zingenziwa. Isibonelo, ukuhlolwa kwe-Electrocardiogram (ECG), okulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo, noma i-biopsy yesikhumba, ethatha ingxenye encane yesikhumba ukuze kubonwe ukuthi izinhlayiya zamafutha zinamathele yini kuma-capillary esikhumba.
• Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu: Lokhu kuhlolwa kubheka izinguquko ezibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali egazini lakho, kanye nezinhlayiya zamafutha egazini lakho, emchameni, noma esikhwehleni.

Ilashwa kanjani? Ingabe ikhona ikhambi lalokhu?

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-`(Fat Embolism Syndrome)`.Akukho futhi uhlelo lokwelapha olujwayelekile lwalokhu. Ukwelashwa kuhilela ukulawula izimpawu, ukusebenzisa imishini esindisa impilo, kanye nokuvimbela ezinye izinkinga.

Umgomo oyinhloko lapha ukunikeza ukunakekelwa okusekelayo. Okusho ukuthi, abahlinzeki bezempilo bagxila ekwelapheni izimpawu nemiphumela yesifo, kunokwelapha isifo uqobo.

Uhlobo luni lomuthi/ukwelashwa olusetshenziswayo?

Izindlela zokwelapha ezilandelayo zingasetshenziswa `(Fat Embolism Syndrome):`

• Ama-Corticosteroids: Le mithi inciphisa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bayinikeza imithi yokunciphisa ukuvuvukala, ukusiza amaphaphu, nokwenza kube lula ngawe ukuphefumula. Kodwa-ke, kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kufanele yini isetshenziswe njengokwelashwa okujwayelekile kwalesi simo.
• Imithi yokunciphisa igazi: Le mithi ingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukujiya kwegazi okungenzeka nge-Fat Embolism Syndrome. Kodwa-ke, abukho ubufakazi obanele bokusho ukuthi kufanele yini inikezwe wonke umuntu one-Fat Embolism Syndrome.
• Izihlungi ze-Vena cava: Lezi yizinto odokotela abangazifaka komunye wemithambo yakho bese beqondisa igazi endaweni ethile. Uma zifakwa ku-vena cava, umthambo wegazi omkhulu kunayo yonke emzimbeni wakho (othwala igazi liye enhliziyweni), lezi zihlungi zibamba amahlule egazi angabhajwa emaphashini. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni i-pulmonary embolism noma imiphumela yokuphefumula ye-fat embolism syndrome.
• I-oksijini: Lena enye yezindlela zokwelapha ezisheshayo nezilula kakhulu zanoma iyiphi inkinga yokuphefumula. Uma wandisa ukutholakala kwe-oksijini, amaphaphu akho nenhliziyo akudingeki kusebenze kanzima ukuze kutholakale i-oksijini eyanele emzimbeni wakho.
• I-Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO): I-ECMO inqubo lapho igazi lithathwa khona emzimbeni wakho, lidluliselwe ngomshini okhethekile, lapho likhishwa khona emzimbeni bese lifakwa umoya-mpilo. Igazi bese libuyiselwa emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kwelashwa kungasiza amaphaphu akho ukuba alulame ngokuwanika ukuphumula okuncane uma unezinkinga ezinkulu zokuphefumula ngenxa ye-Fat Embolism Syndrome.
• Ukuphefumula: I-ventilation iyithuluzi elenza umsebenzi wokuphefumula kuwe. Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha evamile kubantu abanezinkinga zokuphefumula ezinzima nezisongela ukuphila. Iqala ngokufakwa kwepayipi, okuhilela ukufaka ipayipi epayipini lakho lomoya bese ulixhuma kumshini wokuphefumula. Ngokuvamile uzolaliswa phakathi nalesi sikhathi ukuze uhlale ukhululekile.

Yiziphi izinkinga/imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Ngokuvamile azikho izinkinga eziqondile ezihlobene ne-`(Fat Embolism Syndrome)`. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungaba nemiphumela yesikhathi eside ebuchosheni bakho, emehlweni, noma emaphashini. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi bayalulama ngokuphelele.Kufanele ubuze udokotela wakho ngemiphumela emibi engaba khona noma izinkinga ezihlobene nesimo sakho. Angakunikeza ulwazi oluhambisana nesimo sakho nezidingo zakho.

Ubufakazi obuthile busikisela ukuthi abantu abane-Fat Embolism Syndrome basengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezifana ne-deep vein thrombosis (DVT) noma imiphumela yesikhathi eside ebuchosheni. Kodwa-ke, lobu bufakazi abukaqinisekiswa. Kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuze kutholakale ukuthi lokhu kunjalo yini.

Ngizinakekela kanjani/ngiphatha kanjani izimpawu?

I-Fat Embolism Syndrome ingabangela izinkinga zokuphefumula futhi iphazamise ukusebenza kahle kobuchopho, ngakho akufanele uzame ukuzelapha wena. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuya esibhedlela ngokushesha bese ucela iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Ingozi yalesi simo ingancishiswa kanjani - noma ingavinjelwa?

Njengoba i-`(Fat Embolism Syndrome)` ivame ukuhambisana nokuphuka kwamathambo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisa amathambo aphukile. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngokubeka amathambo aphukile kahle nokuwagcina engashukumi. Ezimweni zokuphuka okukhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa.

Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela bangase banikeze ama-corticosteroids ukuvimbela lesi simo ukuthi singenzeki ngemva kokuphuka okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuze kutholakale ukuthi izinzuzo zale ndlela zidlula yini izingozi ezingaba khona.

Iyini ikusasa lalesi simo?

I-Fat embolism syndrome inezinga lokufa eliphakathi kuka-5% no-20%. Kodwa-ke, izinga lokufa liye lehla eminyakeni yamuva nje. Lokhu kungenxa yezinyathelo zokuvimbela kanye nokuqapha eduze labo abasengozini enkulu ezibhedlela.

`(I-Fat Embolism Syndrome)` iyingozi kakhulu uma ibangela ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Ingozi yokuthuthukisa noma yikuphi kwalokhu iphezulu kakhulu uma isimo siba sibi kakhulu, noma uma ukwelashwa kwephuza.

Ezimweni eziphakathi nendawo kuya kwezingaphansana, i-"Fat Embolism Syndrome" ivame ukuzixazulula yodwa. Imiphumela yesikhathi eside ayivamile.

Ngizozizwa ngingcono isikhathi esingakanani ngemva kokwelashwa? Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?

Esikhathini esiningi, `(Fat Embolism Syndrome)` akuyona inkinga enkulu. Ixazululeka yodwa phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izinkinga zesikhumba noma zesimiso sezinzwa (ubuchopho) zingathatha izinsuku noma amasonto ukuze zixazululeke. Izinkinga zokuphefumula zixazululeka zodwa phakathi nonyaka. Ngisho noma zingaxazululeki zodwa, izinkinga zokuphefumula ngokuvamile azibi zimbi ngokwanele ukuthi zidinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Ngokuvamile, asikho isidingo sokuthatha noma yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha ezikhethekile ngemva kwe-`(Fat Embolism Syndrome)`. Kodwa-ke, udinga ukuqaphela kakhulu ngamathambo aphukile abangele lesi simo. Uma ithambo liphuka futhi, lesi simo (uma sasingekho kakade) singavela noma siphinde sivele.

Uma unemibuzo ngesimo sakho esithile, udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu wokukuqondisa ngalokho okungakusiza njengoba ululama kulesi simo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Udokotela wakho uzoncoma ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela kanye nokunakekelwa ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini imiphumela yesikhathi eside (engavamile kakhulu) ehlotshaniswa ne-"Fat Embolism Syndrome." Udokotela wakho uzokutshela nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu nezimpawu ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Kufanele ngiye nini eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) ?

Uma uphuka ingalo noma umlenze, kufanele uye esibhedlela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Izikhungo zesibhedlela ziyindawo engcono kakhulu yokwelapha lolu hlobo lokuphuka futhi zisiza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga noma ezinye izinkinga.

Futhi, uma une-`(Fat Embolism Syndrome)`, kufanele uye esibhedlela ngokushesha uma uqala ukuba nezinguquko esimweni sakho sengqondo, noma uma ubonisa izimpawu ezihlobene ne-`(Pulmonary Embolism)`.

Izimpawu zokushintsha kwesimo sengqondo:

• Ukudideka noma ukucasuka
• Ukunganaki noma ukubambezeleka ekuphenduleni
• Ukudlikizela

Izimpawu ze-`(Pulmonary Embolism)`:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka ngokushesha noma ngokuzumayo
• Ukukhwehlela noma ukuphefumula (ikakhulukazi uma ukhwehlela igazi)

I-Fat Embolism Syndrome yisimo esingavamile esivame ukuzixazulula sodwa ngaphandle kwemiphumela yesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo - ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezinzima noma uma singelashwa ngokushesha - singaba yingozi noma sibulale. Ngenhlanhla, ngentuthuko kwesayensi yezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi, izingozi ezihambisana nalesi simo zinciphile kakhulu.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Fat Embolism Syndrome iyisimo esingavamile kodwa ngezinye izikhathi esiyingozi esingase senzeke lapho izinhlayiya zamafutha zihlala emithanjeni yegazi ngemva kokuthile okufana nokuphuka kwethambo.

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Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uphuka ithambo noma uba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla (ikakhulukazi ukuphelelwa umoya, izinguquko zengqondo, kanye nokuqubuka kwesikhumba) . Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungavimbela imiphumela eminingi emibi kakhulu. Ungazami ukuzelapha. Udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ongakweluleka.

Ukuvaleka kwamafutha , ukuphuka kwamathambo, ubunzima bokuphefumula, isifo samaphaphu, ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi, ukuqubuka kwe-petechial, ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo