I-Fibrosarcoma: Ake sifunde kabanzi ngalo mdlavuza ongavamile

Ucabangani uma ubona iqhubu elisha noma isimila emzimbeni wakho, ikakhulukazi emlenzeni noma engalweni yakho? Esikhathini esiningi, sicabanga ukuthi kuyinto evamile bese singayinaki. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nento encane njengaleyo ingaba yinto okudingeka siyinake. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngomdlavuza ongavamile kakhulu ongabonakala njengeqhubu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-fibrosarcoma.

Kalula nje, iyini i-fibrosarcoma?

I-Fibrosarcoma uhlobo lomdlavuza olungavamile oluvela ezicutshini ezithambile. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-sarcoma. Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi iyini izicubu ezithambile. Kulula kakhulu. Yizicubu ezixhumanisa futhi zibambe ndawonye izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba wethu. Ukuze kube sobala, izinto ezifana nemisipha nemisipha ezixhumanisa izinto ezifana namathambo nemisipha emzimbeni wethu zingezalezi zicubu ezixhumanisayo.

Umdlavuza we-Fibrosarcoma uvame ukuvela ezicutshini ezithambile ezijulile emzimbeni. Uvame kakhulu emilenzeni (ezungeze ithambo lesinqe noma lethanga), ezingalweni ezingaphezulu, emadolweni, noma esiqwini. Ungaphinde uvele ekhanda noma entanyeni. Ngezinye izikhathi, lo mdlavuza ungavela nasemathanjeni noma ezicutshini ezixhumanisayo ezinemicu ezimboza amathambo.

Uma wena noma ingane yakho nithola lokhu kutholakala, okuzokwenzeka ngokulandelayo kuncike ezintweni eziningi. Ubudala bakho, ubukhulu bomdlavuza, nokuthi utholakala kuphi konke kuzodlala indima. Udokotela wakho uzochaza konke ngokusekelwe ekutholakaleni kwakho.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu.

I-Fibrosarcoma ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zihluke kakhulu komunye nomunye.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?

Ngokuvamile kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi izimpawu ze-fibrosarcoma zivele. Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zimila zikhula ezicutshini ezithambile ezijulile emzimbeni, ungase ungaboni lutho kuze kube yilapho isimila sesikhule ngokwanele ukucindezela imithambo yegazi noma umthambo wegazi oseduze.

Lezi yizimpawu ezivame ukubonakala:

• Iqhubu elithambile elingenabuhlungu noma elibuhlungu kancane: Lokhu kungenzeka emilenzeni, ezingalweni, noma esiqwini.
• Umuzwa wokucasuka noma ubuhlungu obuhlabayo: Ngezinye izikhathi sithi "izikhonkwane nezinaliti." Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yokucindezeleka emthanjeni oseduze nesimila.
• Ukuvuvukala okungavamile: Lolu hlobo lokuvuvukala lungenzeka uma isimila sicindezela imithambo yegazi.

Lezi zimpawu zingafana nezezinye izimo ezingatheni kangako, ngakho udokotela kuphela ongasho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lezi zinguquko zibangelwa yi-fibrosarcoma noma esinye isimo esivamile, esingesona umdlavuza (esingesihle).

Yiziphi izimbangela kanye nezici eziyingozi ze-fibrosarcoma?

Abacwaningi abakaqiniseki ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela i-fibrosarcoma. Kodwa-ke, kukholelwa ukuthi ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo emaselini kudlala indima. Kalula nje, izinguquko zenzeka ku-DNA emaseli ethu. Lezi zinguquko zibangela ukuba amaseli ahlukane ngokushesha nangokungalawuleki, akhe izimila ezinomdlavuza.

Kutholakale uguquko oluvamile lwezakhi zofuzo ku-fibrosarcoma yobuntwana, ikakhulukazi. Cishe ama-90% alawa ahlobene nezinkinga emndenini wezakhi zofuzo ze-NTRK. Uma lawa mazakhi zofuzo engasebenzi kahle, izimila zomdlavuza zingakhula.

Izinto ezandisa ingozi

Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi izimo ezithile zofuzo zingandisa ingozi yokuba ne-fibrosarcoma.

• I-polyposis yomndeni ye-adenomatous
• I-Li-Fraumeni syndrome
• Uhlobo 1 lwe-Neurofibromatosis `(Uhlobo 1 lwe-Neurofibromatosis)`
• I-Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
• I-Retinoblastoma
• I-Tuberous sclerosis
• I-Werner syndrome `(i-Werner syndrome)`

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izimo zezempilo zingase zihlotshaniswe nalokhu:

• Ukufa kwamathambo (ukufa kwamangqamuzana amathambo ngenxa yokuncipha kokugeleza kwegazi emathanjeni)
• Ukutheleleka kwamathambo okungapheli (i-osteomyelitis engapheli)
• I-dysplasia ye-fibrous
• Isifo se-Paget sethambo

Kukhona futhi nezici eziyingozi ezihlobene nendawo ezungezile kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha odlule:

• Njengoba ngike ngathola ukwelashwa ngemisebe endaweni lapho umdlavuza ukhona khona.
• Ukusha okukhulu lapho umdlavuza ukhona khona.
• Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali athile, njenge-thorium dioxide, i-vinyl chloride, noma i-arsenic.
• Ukuchayeka ezingxenyeni zensimbi (isib. i-chromium, i-cobalt, i-nickel) ezifakwe emzimbeni ngokuhlinzwa.

Udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Odokotela benza izivivinyo eziningana ukuze bathole i-fibrosarcoma. Ulwazi oluvela kulezi zivivinyo lunquma isigaba kanye nezinga lomdlavuza.

• I-MRI scan (I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lolu uhlobo lokuhlola oluvame kakhulu olusetshenziswa ukuxilonga i-fibrosarcoma. Lungabonisa ngokucacile ubukhulu nendawo yesimila, nokuthi ngabe sithinta imithambo yegazi noma imizwa.
• I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan): Lokhu kusebenzisa uchungechunge lwe-X-ray kanye nekhompyutha ukudala izithombe ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D) zezicubu zakho ezithambile namathambo.
• I-Biopsy: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye encane yezicubu esiqwini (i-core needle biopsy) noma sonke isimila (i-excisional biopsy) ukuze sihlolwe. Udokotela wezifo uhlola izicubu elabhorethri ukuze abone ukuthi zinamaseli omdlavuza yini.
• I-Immunohistochemistry (IHC): Lolu ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwelebhu okusebenzisa amaprotheni abizwa ngokuthi ama-antibodies ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isimila siyi-fibrosarcoma noma olunye uhlobo lomdlavuza wezicubu ezithambile.

Zinqunywa kanjani izigaba zomdlavuza?

Odokotela bahlukanisa umdlavuza ngezigaba ukuze banqume ukuthi ususabalale kangakanani nokuthi uyingozi kangakanani. Lokhu kucabangela ubukhulu besimila, indawo yaso, nokuthi ngabe sesisabalale yini. Baphinde babheke "ibanga" lomdlavuza. Lena indlela amangqamuzana omdlavuza abukeka engajwayelekile ngayo uma ebhekwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Amangqamuzana abukeka engajwayelekile abhekwa njengomdlavuza "wezinga eliphezulu", ongaba nolaka kakhulu.

Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi umphumela uzoba yini ngemva kokwelashwa, kuye ngesigaba somdlavuza wakho.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa kwe-fibrosarcoma kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa impilo yakho iyonke, okuthandayo, kanye nohlobo lomdlavuza.

Ukwelashwa kwe-fibrosarcoma yohlobo lwabantu abadala

• Ukuhlinzwa: Kule nqubo, odokotela basusa isimila somdlavuza kanye nenani elincane lezicubu ezinempilo ezisizungezile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awekho amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele.
• Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe: Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungase kunikezwe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuncishiswe isimila noma kubhubhise noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali:Nakuba abanye odokotela benikeza lolu hlobo lokwelashwa, aluzange luphumelele kakhulu kwi-fibrosarcoma yabantu abadala. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza luvame ukungasabeli kahle ku-chemotherapy.

Ukwelashwa kwe-fibrosarcoma yezinsana

• Ukuhlinzwa: Ezinganeni, ukususwa kwesimila ngokuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kungasiqeda ngokuphelele lesi sifo.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kanye/noma ngamakhemikhali: Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa izimila ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa noma ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana asele ngemva kwalokho. Ngokungafani nesimo somuntu omdala, ama-fibrosarcoma amaningi ebuntwaneni asabela kahle kakhulu kumakhemikhali.
• Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe: Lokhu kwelashwa kungavimba amaseli ukuthi ahlukane ngokushesha ngenxa yezinkinga ze-gene ye-`NTRK`. Lokhu kunganciphisa amathumba futhi kwenze ukuhlinzwa kube lula.

Sinjani isimo ngemva kokwelashwa? (Isibikezelo)

Imiphumela ye-fibrosarcoma yezinsana mihle kakhulu. Iningi lalezi zingalapheka ngokuphelele ngokuhlanganiswa kokuhlinzwa, imisebe, i-chemotherapy, noma ukwelashwa okuqondisiwe. Izinga lokusinda kweminyaka eyi-10 licishe libe ngu-90%. Uma ukuhlinzwa kungasusa ngempumelelo yonke iminonjana yomdlavuza, lelo nani lisondela ku-100%.

Isimo se-fibrosarcoma esiqala kubantu abadala siyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, la mathumba atholakala ngemva kokuba esekhule ngokwanele ukuthi athinte imizwa noma ukugeleza kwegazi. Njenganoma yimuphi umdlavuza, ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuholela emiphumeleni engcono. Uma umdlavuza usuqhubekele phambili, kuba nzima kakhulu ukwelapha. Cishe ingxenye yeziguli ingase iphinde ithole lesi sifo ngemva kokwelashwa.

Uma unalesi simo, uzinakekela kanjani?

Abantu abaningi bazizwa bengenalusizo lapho betholakala benomdlavuza. Enye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokubhekana nale mizwa ukuzinakekela ngesikhathi nangemva kokwelashwa. Nazi ezinye izinto ongayenza:

• Qonda uhlelo lwakho lokulandelela: Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngesikhathi sokululama kanye nama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela.
• Lawula Ukukhathazeka: Ukuhlolwa njalo ngemva kokwelashwa kubalulekile ekutholakaleni kusenesikhathi kokubuyela komdlavuza. Kodwa kungabangela nokukhathazeka. Khuluma nomeluleki ngakho.
• Cela usizo: Uzodinga usizo nakanjani ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho. Abathandekayo bakho bangase balinde ukukusiza. Batshele ukuthi ungasiza kanjani.
• Gxila emikhubeni emihle yempilo: Ukudla ukudla okunomsoco, ukuvivinya umzimba okwanele, nokulala kahle kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Nethezeka:Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kanye nomdlavuza kungakwenza uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu. Hlela ukuphumula ngangokunokwenzeka ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
• Yilwa nokucindezeleka: Izinto ezifana nokuzindla, ukuzivocavoca ngokuphumula, kanye nokuzivocavoca ngokuphefumula okujulile kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka.

Kunini lapho udinga ukubonana nodokotela?

Ngemva kokwelashwa, uzovame ukubona udokotela wakho njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu eminyakeni emibili yokuqala bese kuthi ngezikhathi ezinde kancane iminyaka emine kuya kwemihlanu. Uma i-fibrosarcoma iphinda ibuye, okuvame ukwenzeka phakathi neminyaka emihlanu yokuqala, lolu hlelo luzosiza ekutholeni noma yikuphi ukuphinda kwenzeke kusenesikhathi.

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho noma nini lapho kuvela amaqhubu amasha noma ubuhlungu obusha.

Kunini lapho kudingeka uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)?

Izindlela eziningi zokwelapha umdlavuza zithinta amasosha omzimba wakho, okwandisa ingozi yakho yokutheleleka. Nazi ezinye izimpawu ezingase zidinge ukuthi uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) ngesikhathi sokwelashwa:

• Umkhuhlane ongama-degree Celsius angu-38.3 (100.4 Fahrenheit) noma ngaphezulu.
• Ukuzizwa ubanda futhi uthuthumela.
• Ukukhwehlela okune-mucus.
• Ubuhlungu besisu.
• Uhudo oluqhubekayo.
• Ukucanuzela nokuhlanza okuqhubekayo.