Uzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha ngaphandle kwesizathu? Uyajuluka ngisho noma udla kahle? Ingabe wehlisa isisindo ngisho noma udla kahle? Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ungakhululekile futhi ukhathazekile? Uma lezi zinto zivamile kuwe, isizathu kungaba ukuthi indlala encane efana novemvane emzimbeni wakho, indlala yegilo, isebenza kanzima kakhulu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngeSifo samaGraves, isimo esibangela lesi simo, kodwa singalawulwa kahle uma selashwa kahle.
Kalula nje, siyini isifo samaGraves?
Kalula nje, isifo sikaGraves yisifo esibangelwa yiphutha elincane ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba wethu. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi isifo sokuzivikela komzimba . Ngokuvamile, uhlelo lwethu lokuzivikela komzimba lulwa namagciwane abangela izifo. Kodwa kulesi sifo, uhlelo lwethu lokuzivikela komzimba luhlasela ngephutha indlala yethu yegilo entanyeni yethu.
Lokhu kuhlasela kuvuselela i-thyroid gland futhi kubangele ukuthi ikhiqize i-thyroid hormone eningi kakhulu. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-hyperthyroidism . Kufana nemoto ene-accelerator pedal ecindezelwe phansi, okwenza ukuthi i-metabolism yethu isheshise. Isifo se-Graves siyimbangela eyinhloko ye-hyperthyroidism. Singabuye sibe yifa. Singathinta hhayi i-thyroid gland kuphela, kodwa namehlo ethu nesikhumba.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zalesi sifo?
Ngenxa yokuthi isifo sikaGraves sibangela ukuthi i-metabolism yomzimba wakho isheshise, ungase ube nezimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezimbili noma ezimbili, kanti abanye bangase babe nezinto eziningi kulolu hlu. Lezi zimpawu azibonakali zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa zikhula kancane kancane ngemva kwamasonto noma izinyanga.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Inhliziyo esheshayo (i-Tachycardia) | Ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ukungabekezelelani ukushisa kanye nokujuluka ngokweqile | Uhlala uzizwa ushisa futhi ujuluka, yize kuyinto evamile kwabanye. |
| Ukwehlisa isisindo | Isisindo somzimba sinciphile ngokusobala naphezu kokudla kahle. |
| Ukuthuthumela | Ukuthuthumela okuncane ezandleni. |
| Ukukhathazeka okuqhubekayo nokungahlaliseki | Ukuzizwa ukhathazekile futhi ungahlaliseki njalo. |
| Izinguquko ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla | Ukuhamba kokuphuma kwamanzi njalo noma ukudinga ukuya endlini yangasese kaningi kunokujwayelekile. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwentamo (i-Goiter) | Ukuvuvukala kwengaphambili lentamo ngenxa yokwanda kwendlala yegilo. |
| Ukungalali nokulahlekelwa izinwele | Ubunzima bokulala ebusuku kanye nokulahlekelwa izinwele. |
| Izinguquko emjikelezweni wokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane | Ukopha okunciphile kokuya esikhathini, umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini ongajwayelekile noma ukumiswa komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. |
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngakho.
Lokhu kuthinta kanjani amehlo nesikhumba?
Nakuba kungebona bonke abantu abanesifo sikaGraves, cishe oyedwa kwabathathu uzoba nezinkinga zamehlo. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Graves' orbitopathy nomaIsifo Samehlo Se-thyroid.
- Amehlo avuvukele
- Umbono ophindwe kabili
- Umuzwa wokugcwala, wokugcwala emehlweni
- Ubunzima bokubheka ukukhanya (i-Photophobia)
- Ukuzwa ukucindezeleka noma ubuhlungu ngaphakathi kwamehlo
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elincane kakhulu labantu (cishe u-4%) lingase libe nesimo lapho isikhumba semilenze yabo siba siqinile, sibe namaqhubu, futhi sibe nombala oshintsha umbala. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-pretibial myxedema .
Kungani kwenzeka isifo sikaGraves?
Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukungasebenzi kahle kwesimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela. Umzimba wethu ukhiqiza i-antibody ebizwa ngokuthi i-Thyroid-Stimulating Immunoglobulin (TSI) . Le antibody ye-TSI inamathela kumaseli e-thyroid gland futhi ithumela isignali engalungile e-gland ukuze "yenze ama-hormone amaningi, yenze amaningi."
Ososayensi abakasitholi isizathu esiqondile sokuthi kungani amasosha omzimba engasebenzi kahle ngale ndlela, kodwa kukholakala ukuthi kunezinto ezimbili eziyinhloko ezibangela lokhu.
1. Ufuzo: Uma othile emndenini wakho enesifo sikaGraves noma ezinye izifo ze-thyroid, usengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo.
2. Izici Zemvelo: Ukucindezeleka ngokweqile, ukukhulelwa kanye nokukhulelwa ngemva kokubeletha, kanye nokutheleleka ngegciwane kungaba 'yimbangela', okungukuthi, ukusunduza kokuqala, kokuqala kwalesi sifo.
Yiziphi izimo eziyingozi ezingaba khona uma zingelashwa?
Isifo sikaGraves yisimo sezokwelapha esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo . Uma singelashwa noma singaphathwa kahle, singaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu.
- Isifo senhliziyo: Ingozi yokuba nezimo ezingathi sína njengokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile ( i-Atrial Fibrillation - Afib ), ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kanye nesifo sohlangothi iyanda.
- I-Osteoporosis: Ngenxa yemiphumela yamazinga e-calcium emzimbeni, amathambo aba buthakathaka futhi athambekele ekuphukeni kalula.
- Isiphepho Se-thyroid: Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esingavamile kodwa esingasongela impilo . Kulesi simo, i-thyroid gland ikhipha inani elikhulu lama-hormone egazini ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi umkhuhlane omkhulu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, kanye nokudideka. Esimweni esinjalo, kufanele uye ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela.
- Izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Uma kungelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kungathinta umama kanye nomntwana osesiswini. Kunezingozi ezifana nokuphuphuma kwesisu, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kanye nokuzalwa kwesisindo esiphansi.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo ngokunembile?
Uma uya kudokotela, uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho, umlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho, bese enza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Bangase batuse ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Le-thyroid: Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa amazinga ama-hormone e-thyroid (T4, T3) kanye ne-TSH (i-hormone evuselela i-thyroid) egazini. Esifweni sikaGraves, amazinga ama-hormone e-thyroid aphakeme kanti amazinga e-TSH aphansi kakhulu.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwama-Antibody E-thyroid: Kuhlola ama-antibodies egazini, njenge-TSI, okubangela isifo sikaGraves.
- Ukumuncwa nokuskenwa kwe-thyroid: Isiguli sinikezwa inani elincane le-iodine enemisebe ukuze siyiphuze, bese kwenziwa iskeni ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ingakanani i-iodine emuncwa yi-thyroid gland. Esifweni sikaGraves, i-gland imunca i-iodine eningi kakhulu.
- I-Doppler Ultrasound: Uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, ukuhlolwa kwe-iodine enemisebe akukhuthazwa. Ezimweni ezinjalo, lokhu kuskena kungalinganisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuya endlaleni ye-thyroid futhi kunikeze umbono wesifo.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha isifo sikaGraves?
Nakuba isifo sikaGraves siyisifo esihlala isikhathi eside (esingamahlalakhona), ukwelashwa kungasiza ekulawuleni amazinga ama-hormone. Ngezinye izikhathi, lesi sifo singaba sesimweni sokululama kwesikhashana ngemva kokwelashwa.
| Indlela yokwelapha | Kwenzekani kuyo? |
|---|---|
| Ama-Beta-blocker | Lokhu akunciphisi ama-hormone e-thyroid, kodwa kulawula ngokushesha izimpawu ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukuthuthumela, nokukhathazeka. Kusetshenziswa ukunikeza impumuzo kuze kube yilapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zisebenza. |
| Imithi Yokulwa Ne-thyroid | Imithi efana neMethimazole nePropylthiouracil ivimbela ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone yi-thyroid gland. |
| Ukwelashwa nge-Radioiodine | Unikwa uketshezi noma i-capsule equkethe i-iodine ekhipha imisebe ukuthi uyiphuze. Le iodine imuncwa amangqamuzana e-thyroid bese iwabhubhisa kancane kancane, okunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone. |
| Ukuhlinzwa | I-thyroidectomy inqubo yokuhlinzwa esusa yonke noma ingxenye yendlala yegilo. |
Ngemva kokwelashwa nokuhlinzwa nge-iodine ekhishwa ngemisebe, ukuntuleka kwehomoni ye-thyroid, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-hypothyroidism, kuvame ukwenzeka. Ngemuva kwalokho kuzodingeka uphuze amaphilisi ehomoni ye-thyroid impilo yakho yonke. Kodwa-ke, i-hypothyroidism kulula kakhulu ukuyilawula kune-hyperthyroidism.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi ngayinye yalezi zindlela zokwelapha inezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa nodokotela wakho ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu kuwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sikaGraves siyisifo esihlasela amasosha omzimba esingalawulwa kahle ngokwelashwa, ngakho-ke ungesabi ngokungadingekile.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukwehla kwesisindo, ukujuluka ngokweqile, nokukhathazeka ngaphandle kwesizathu, ungazinaki.
- Uma lesi sifo singelashwa, kungaba nezinkinga ezinkulu ezithinta inhliziyo namathambo.
- Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze akukhethele ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.
- Uma isifo sesitholakele, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo nokuya emitholampilo ngesikhathi.
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