Ingabe ushaye ikhanda lakho kanzima? Ake sifunde ngqo ngokulimala ekhanda!

Empilweni yethu yansuku zonke, kuvamile ukungqubuzana ngamakhanda ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngezinye izikhathi asikunaki ngisho nokukunaka kakhulu. Ingane encane ingawa ishaye ikhanda layo ngenkathi idlala, noma singashaya ikhanda lethu ekhabetheni ngenkathi senza umsebenzi othile ekhishini. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokungqubuzana okuncane kungaphenduka ukulimala okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngalezi zingozi zekhanda, okungukuthi, `(Ukulimala Ekhanda)`.

Kuyini ukulimala ekhanda?

Kalula nje, ukulimala ekhanda kuyinoma yiluphi uhlobo lomonakalo ekhanda lakho, okungukuthi, ugebhezi lwakho kanye nobuchopho .

Esikhathini esiningi , lokhu kulimala kuncane futhi kuyaphola ezinsukwini ezimbalwa . Kodwa-ke, okunye ukulimala ekhanda, ikakhulukazi lokho okubangela ukuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi kwekhanda lakho noma ukulimala ebuchosheni bakho, kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu .

Sonke sike sashaya amakhanda ethu ekhabetheni elivulekile noma sashaywa yibhola ngenkathi sidlala ikhilikithi. Esikhathini esiningi, izinsuku ezimbalwa zokuphumula zizokubuyisela esimweni sazo. Kodwa uma ushaya ikhanda lakho, ikakhulukazi uma usezinhlungwini ezinzima, uzizwa unesizungu, unekhanda elibuhlungu, noma uzizwa nje ungaphilile kahle , akulona neze umqondo omubi ukubona udokotela bese uhlolwa. Ngoba ezinye izinto zingase zingabonakali ngaphandle, kodwa kungaba nenkinga ngaphakathi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokulimala ekhanda?

Odokotela bahlukanisa ukulimala ekhanda ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko:

1. Ukulimala ekhanda okuvaliwe: Lokhu ukulimala okwenzeka ngaphakathi ngaphandle kokuphula ugebhezi lwakho . Lokhu ukulimala esikubona njalo. Cabanga, uwe ebhayisikilini lakho washaya ikhanda lakho phansi, kodwa ugebhezi lwakho aluphukanga futhi kwakungekho ukuphuma kwegazi. Kodwa ungaba nokulimala okuncane.

2. Ukulimala ekhanda okuvulekile: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho into ingena ekhanda lakho ingena ebuchosheni bakho . Lokhu kuvame ukudinga ingozi enkulu. Isibonelo, into ebukhali njengengozi yemoto noma ukushaywa ekhanda.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko, kunezinye izinhlobo eziningana ezithile zokulimala ekhanda. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• Ukushaywa yikhanda: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokulimala ekhanda. Cabanga nje, uma ushaya ikhanda lakho kanzima, ubuchopho buvele buqhume ngaphakathi kwekhanda. Yilapho kuvela khona ukushaywa yikhanda. Ikhanda aliphuki, kodwa ukusebenza kobuchopho kungathinteka okwesikhashana.
• Ukuphuka kwekhanda: Njengoba igama lisho, lokhu kuwukuphuka kwamathambo ekhanda. Lokhu kungasukela ekuqhekekeni okuncane kuya kokukhulu ngokwanele ukuqhekeka kube yizicucu eziningana.
• Ukusikeka noma ukulimala kwesikhumba: Ukusikeka noma imihuzuko ekhanda . Lokhu kungaphuma igazi futhi ngezinye izikhathi kudinge ukuthungwa.
• Ukulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu (TBI):Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu. Kungumonakalo ebuchosheni obangelwa ukushaywa okungazelelwe, okunamandla. Kungaba nzima kakhulu kunokushaywa yingqondo, futhi kungaba nemiphumela yesikhathi eside.

Ziyini izimpawu zokulimala ekhanda?

Izimpawu zokulimala ekhanda zingahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Futhi, izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokulimala nokuthi kwenzeke kanjani. Kwezinye ukulimala okuncane, indawo yokulimala ingase ibe buhlungu imizuzu embalwa bese iphela yodwa. Noma, uma ukushaqeka nobuhlungu bokulimala ekhanda sekudambile, izimpawu zingase ziphele ngaphandle kwezimpawu nhlobo.

Kodwa-ke, sidinga ukuqaphela izimpawu zokulimala ekhanda okubi kakhulu . Bheka izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu: Ikhanda elibuhlungu elibi neliqhubekayo.
• Isigaxa noma ukuvuvukala: Isigaxa noma ukuvuvukala okungazwakala uma uthinta ikhanda.
• Imivimbo: Imivimbo ekhanda noma ebusweni.
• Ukopha: Ukopha okuvela ekhanda, ekhaleni, noma ezindlebeni.
• Intamo eqinile: Ubunzima bokushukumisa intamo.
• Uketshezi olucacile oluvela endlebeni noma ekhaleni: Lokhu kungaba uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF), uketshezi oluzungeze ubuchopho. Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esiyingozi kakhulu .
• Isiyezi: Umuzwa wokuzungeza.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza: Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu nokuhlanza.
• Izimpawu zengqondo: Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, izinkinga zenkumbulo, ukuzizwa sengathi usenkungwini.
• Izinguquko emehlweni noma ekuboneni: abafundi abavulekile, ukubona okufiphele, kanye nosayizi ongalingani wabafundi emehlweni womabili (i-anisocoria).
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi: Ukuquleka, ukuwa ungazi lutho.
• Ukuquleka : Ukuquleka okufika njengokuquleka.

Okubalulekile: Uma uhlangabezana nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu ngemva kokulimala ekhanda, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha .

Izimpawu zingavela isikhathi esingakanani ngemva kokulimala ekhanda?

Ezimweni eziningi zokulimala ekhanda, izimpawu azibonakali ngokushesha . Ikakhulukazi kulezo zingozi zekhanda ezivaliwe esikhulume ngazo ekuqaleni, izimpawu zingase zingabonakali ekuqaleni. Ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha amahora, izinsuku, noma ngisho namasonto ukuthi izimpawu zivele.

Ngakho-ke, uma wazi ukuthi uke waba nokulimala ekhanda noma ingozi, bese uqala ukuzwa noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingajwayelekile (noma yiziphi ezishiwo ngenhla), noma zingaveli ngokushesha, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela noma uye esibhedlela .

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yokulimala ekhanda?

Ukopha ngaphakathi kwekhanda, okubizwa ngokuthi i-subdural hematoma, kungaba yinkinga eyingozi kakhulu yokulimala ekhanda . Uma igazi liqoqana ngaphakathi kwekhanda, lingacindezela kakhulu ubuchopho, okubangela ukulimala kobuchopho.

Futhi, ngenxa yokulimala ekhandaUkopha kwegazi ngaphakathi kobuchopho, ukopha ngaphakathi kobuchopho (okufana nesifo sohlangothi), nakho kungavela.

Lezi zinkinga zingabangela umonakalo wesikhashana noma unomphela ebuchosheni. Isibonelo, abanye abantu bangase balahlekelwe yinkumbulo yesikhashana ngemuva kokulimala okuncane ekhanda, futhi bangase bangakhumbuli nokuthi ingozi yenzeke kanjani. Ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda kungathinta ukusebenza kobuchopho unomphela. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni zenkumbulo ezingapheli, izimo zempilo yengqondo, noma ukulahlekelwa ikhono lokunyakaza izingxenye zomzimba .

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukulimala ekhanda kungaba yingozi, ikakhulukazi uma izingxenye zobuchopho ezilawula izinhlelo ezibalulekile njengenhliziyo namaphaphu zonakele.

Yiziphi izimbangela zokulimala ekhanda?

Noma yimaphi amandla noma umthelela onamandla ungabangela ukulimala ekhanda. Ungase ucabange ngento eshaya ikhanda lakho, noma ikhanda lakho lishaya okuthile. Yebo, lezo yizimbangela ezivame kakhulu. Kodwa, hhayi lokho kuphela, kodwa lapho umzimba wakho ushukuma ngokuzumayo, ikhanda lakho lingashukuma liye phambili naphambili ngokushesha .

Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokulimala ekhanda yilezi:

• Ukuwa: Abantu abadala nezingane ezincane bathambekele kakhulu ekuweni. Futhi ukuwa kusuka phezulu kungaba yinto engathi sína.
• Izingozi zezimoto: Kunobungozi obukhulu bokulimala ekhanda ezingozini zezimoto, amabhayisikili, kanye nezimoto ezinamasondo amathathu.
• Izenzo zobudlova: izinto ezifana nokuhlasela, ukugwaza, ukudubula.
• Izingozi zemidlalo: Ukulimala ekhanda kungenzeka emidlalweni enomthelela omkhulu njenge-rugby, isibhakela kanye nekhilikithi.

Ubani osengozini enkulu?

Noma ubani angaba nokulimala ekhanda, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kancane:

• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala kanye nezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-4 ubudala (noma ubani osengozini enkulu yokuwa).
• Abantu abasebenza emisebenzini enzima ngokomzimba (isib. embonini yokwakha).
• Abadlali abadlala imidlalo enomthelela omkhulu.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukulimala ekhanda?

Udokotela uxilonga ukulimala ekhanda ngokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa, kanye nokunye ukuhlolwa . Uma ulethwa egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela (ER) ngemva kwengozi, odokotela balapho bazokuxilonga.

Udokotela wakho uzokuhlola ikhanda nentamo yakho. Bazokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi zaqala nini. Izimpawu zakho zavela ngemva kwesikhathi esingakanani ukulimala, futhi uma wazi imbangela eqondile yokulimala, mtshele nalokho.

Udokotela angase asebenzise izivivinyo ezinjengalezi ukuze athole ukulimala ekhanda:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-concussion: Kuhlola izinto ezifana nenkumbulo nokunaka.
• I-CT scan (`i-CT scan - i-computed tomography scan`): Lokhu kungabona ngokucacile izinto ezifana nokopha kanye nokuqhekeka ngaphakathi kogebhezi.
• I-MRI (i-magnetic resonance imaging):Lokhu kungaveza nezithombe ezinemininingwane zobuchopho nezicubu ezizungezile.
• I-X-ray: Hlola ukuthi ugebhezi luphukile yini.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Thola izimo ezithile.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ukulimala ekhanda?

Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ukwelashwa okusekelwe ohlotsheni lokulimala ekhanda onalo kanye nobunzima balo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu kunoma yikuphi ukulimala ekhanda ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwegazi kanye nokunqwabelana kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kogebhezi . Lena yindlela ovikela ngayo ubuchopho bakho futhi uvimbele izinkinga.

Iningi labantu abalimele kancane bangakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zabo ekhaya ngokuphumula nokugwema umsebenzi onzima womzimba . Uma kuphephile ngawe ukuthatha imithi yobuhlungu, udokotela wakho angase asikisele umuthi othengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (i-OTC) njenge-paracetamol. Ezimweni eziningi, imithi efana ne-NSAID (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs) akufanele ithathwe ngemva kokulimala ekhanda ngoba ingandisa ingozi yokopha ngaphakathi kwekhanda.

Uma ulimale ngandlela thile, njengokuqhekeka kwekhanda noma ugebhezi, udokotela wakho uzokuchazela imininingwane, okuhlanganisa uhlelo lokwelashwa kanye nesikhathi sokululama kwalolo kulimala.

Abantu abanokulimala ekhanda okumaphakathi noma okukhulu (ikakhulukazi ukulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu (i-TBI) noma ukulimala ekhanda elivulekile) bangadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe umonakalo futhi kulawulwe ukopha kanye nengcindezi ngaphakathi kogebhezi. Udokotela wakho noma udokotela ohlinzayo uzokutshela ukuthi hlobo luni lokuhlinzwa oludingayo nokuthi kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama.

Ungadinga ukwelashwa ngokomzimba ngemva kokulimala ekhanda. Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ngokomzimba uzokunikeza izivivinyo zokuqinisa imisipha yentamo yakho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezimweni ezifana ne-whiplash.

Yini okungafanele uyenze ngemva kokulimala ekhanda?

Udokotela wakho noma udokotela ohlinzayo uzokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinto okufanele uzigweme ngemva kokulimala ekhanda.

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma ululama ekushayweni yi-concussion . Noma yimuphi umsebenzi odinga ukugxilisa ingqondo kakhulu ungabangela ukuthi izimpawu zokushaywe yi-concussion zibuye. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi ungayi emsebenzini izinsuku ezimbalwa, noma ingane yakho ingatshelwa ukuthi ungayi esikoleni. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ungabuyela nini kancane kancane emsebenzini noma emsebenzini wesikole kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zakho zithuthuka.

Ungazami ukushesha ukubuyela kwezemidlalo noma emsebenzini njengokungathi umane nje uzibonakalisa ungoqhawe. Ukunikeza umzimba wakho isikhathi osidingayo ukuze ululame akulona uphawu lobuthakathaka.

Yini ongayilindela uma ulimele ekhanda?

Umzimba womuntu wonke usabela ngendlela ehlukile ekulimaleni ekhanda.

Nakuba abanye abantu bangathatha amasonto ambalwa ukululama ekulimaleni, okunye ukulimala ekhanda kungathatha izinyanga (noma ngisho nangaphezulu) ukuphola ngokwemvelo.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqalise imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke evamile. Ungabuyeli ekuzivocavoceni, ekuqeqeshweni, noma kwezemidlalo kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ethi kuphephile.

Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukulimala ekhanda?

Ukulimala ekhanda kuvame ukwenzeka ngezikhathi ezingalindelekile. Ngenxa yokuthi asikuhleleli, akunakuvinjelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa-ke, unganciphisa ingozi yakho ngokulandela lawa macebiso okuphepha ajwayelekile:

• Gqoka imishini yokuphepha efanele kuyo yonke imisebenzi nemidlalo, ikakhulukazi izigqoko zokuzivikela noma izigqoko zokuzivikela. Izigqoko zokuzivikela ziyimpoqo uma ugibela ibhayisikili kanye nangesikhathi somsebenzi wokwakha.
• Gqoka ibhande lakho lesihlalo njalo uma ushayela.
• Ungagcwalisi ikhaya lakho noma indawo yakho yokusebenza ngezinto ezingase ziwe.
• Sebenzisa imishini efanele noma iladi njalo uma ufinyelela into ephakeme. Ungakhweli ezihlalweni noma ematafuleni.

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ukulimala kwekhanda lami kubi kakhulu?

Eqinisweni, noma yikuphi ukulimala ekhanda kungaba kubi kakhulu, ngoba awukwazi ukuqiniseka ukuthi ukulimala kulimaze ubuchopho bakho noma imithambo yegazi ezungezile. Uma ulimale ekhanda futhi uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu (ngisho noma zingaqali ngokushesha), kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela noma uye esibhedlela. Udokotela kuphela ongahlonza kahle ukulimala ekhanda futhi aqinisekise ukuthi ubuchopho bakho buthintekile yini.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ungabuza udokotela imibuzo efana nale:

• Hlobo luni lokulimala ekhanda enginalo?
• Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa okuzodingeka ngenze?
• Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlinzwa?
• Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ikhanda lami liphole?
• Yimiphi imithi ephephile engingayithatha ngesikhathi ngilulama?

Ungafa ngenxa yokulimala ekhanda eminyakeni eminingi kamuva?

Yebo, kungenzeka. Ukulimala ekhanda kungaba yingozi noma kube nomthelela ekufeni komuntu, ngisho nangemva kweminyaka eminingi kwenzeke. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kubantu abaye balimale ekhanda ngokuphindaphindiwe (ikakhulukazi 'Ukushaywa yikhanda' noma ezinye izinhlobo 'zokulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu').

Ukulimala ekhanda okuphindaphindiwe kwandisa ingozi yokuthola isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-'Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE).' (CTE) kuthinta indlela izingxenye ezahlukene zobuchopho bakho ezisebenza futhi zokuxhumana ngayo.

Ukulimala ekhanda kungasukela ekuqhumeni okuncane kuya esimweni esiphuthumayo esisongela ukuphila. Nakuba ukulimala okuncane kwansuku zonke kungase kungadingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile, ungakushayi indiva uma kubangela ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma ezinye izimpawu.

Ngezinye izikhathi, izinkinga ezingaba zimbi kakhulu zingaqala kancane futhi zibe zimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Akudingeki ukwethuka, kodwa futhi awufuni ukuthatha noma yiziphi izinkinga ngempilo yakho yekhanda kanye nobuchopho. Kungcono ukuya esibhedlela uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu noma izinguquko.

Okokugcina, khumbula lokhu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukulimala ekhanda kungaba yinto sonke esiyithatha kalula. Kulula ukucabanga, "O, kumane nje kuyiqhubu elincane." Kodwa, njengoba sixoxile namuhla, okunye ukulimala ekhanda kungaba kubi kakhulu, kanti ezinye izimpawu zingathatha izinsuku ukuvela.

Ngakho-ke, khumbula lezi zinto:

• Uma ushaya ikhanda lakho endaweni ethile, ikakhulukazi kanzima, qaphela.
• Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, ukuhlanza, ukushintsha kombono, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi , bona udokotela ngokushesha.
• Uma unoketshezi olucacile oluphuma endlebeni noma ekhaleni lakho, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo! Yiya esibhedlela ngokushesha.
• Abantu abadala kufanele baqaphele kakhulu uma izingane ezincane zishaya amakhanda azo.
• Zama ukuvimbela ukulimala ekhanda ngokulandela izinyathelo zokuphepha (usebenzisa isigqoko sokuzivikela, ibhande lesihlalo).

Ikhanda lakho liyigugu lakho elibaluleke kakhulu. Kungumsebenzi wakho ukulinakekela. Uma ungabaza, ungalokothi unqikaze ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha!

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