Ingabe uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi uphelelwa umoya kunokujwayelekile uma uhamba noma usebenza? Noma uvuka ebusuku unobunzima bokuphefumula? Ingabe imilenze namaqakala akho azizwa evuvukele? Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lezi yizimpawu ezivamile zokukhathala nokuguga, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lezi zingaba izimpawu ezibalulekile esizithola enhliziyweni yethu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esivamile kodwa esingaqondakali kahle esibizwa ngokuthi 'ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo', noma esaziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi `(Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo Okuhlanganisiwe)`.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo?
Cabanga ngephampu yamanzi endlini yakho. Iphakela indlu yonke amanzi. Kwenzekani uma le moto iguga futhi iba buthaka? Ngeke ikwazi ukupompa amanzi kahle. Amanzi angena ethangini. Mhlawumbe ingcindezi yamanzi emapayipini iyanda futhi ivuza ezindaweni ezithile.
Inhliziyo yethu inje. Ingumshini womzimba wethu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wenhliziyo ukupompa igazi kuwo wonke amagumbi omzimba. `(Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo)` akusho ukuthi inhliziyo iyama ngokuphelele. Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi, ngesizathu esithile, ikhono lenhliziyo lokupompa igazi liyabuthaka. Njengalowo mshini, inhliziyo ayikwazi nokupompa inani legazi elidingwa ngumzimba.
Kwenzekani-ke? Igazi elingenakupompa liqala ukuhlangana ngemuva. Ngale ndlela, igazi lihlangana ezindaweni ezifana namaphaphu, imilenze, amaqakala kanye nesisu. Yingakho kusetshenziswa igama elithi `(Congestive)`. Lesi yisimo esikhula kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo akusho ukuthi inhliziyo iyayeka ukusebenza. Kusho ukuthi inhliziyo ayisebenzi kahle futhi ayisebenzi kahle.
Ingabe nawe unalezi zimpawu?
Izimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezincane, kanti abanye bangase babe nezimpawu ezinzima. Izimpawu zingase zivele ngokuzumayo noma zikhule kancane kancane.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuphelelwa umoya | Ungase uzizwe unesiyezi ngenkathi wenza imisebenzi evamile, uhamba, noma ukhuphuka izitebhisi. Uma isimo sibi kakhulu, kungaba nzima ukuphefumula ngisho nalapho umile. |
| Ukuvuka ebusuku ngenxa yokuphelelwa umoya | Uma ulele embhedeni, uketshezi luyanqwabelana emaphashini, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula futhi kubangele ukuvuka ngokuzumayo. Ukuphakamisa ikhanda lakho ngemicamelo emibili noma emithathu kungasiza. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, amaqakala, kanye nesisu | Ngenxa yokugcinwa koketshezi emzimbeni, imilenze, ikakhulukazi amaqakala, iyavuvukala. Indawo izwakala ibuhlungu uma icindezelwa ngomunwe. Isisu singavuvukala futhi. |
| Ukwanda kwesisindo ngokuzumayo | Isisindo singakhuphuka ngokuzumayo ngekhilogremu elilodwa noma amabili ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, hhayi ngenxa yamafutha, kodwa ngenxa yokuqongelela koketshezi emzimbeni. |
| Ukukhathala okuvamile kanye nobuthakathaka | Ngenxa yokuthi izitho zomzimba azitholi umoya-mpilo owanele kanye negazi elinomsoco, uhlala uzizwa ukhathele futhi ungakwazi ukwenza lutho. |
| Ukukhwehlela okomile | Kungase kube nokukhwehlela okomile okungenawo amafinyila, ikakhulukazi uma ulele phansi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuqongelela koketshezi emaphashini. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Inhliziyo ebuthakathaka ingaba nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile ngoba kufanele isebenze kanzima ukupompa igazi emzimbeni. |
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ungesabi ukuthi ngokuqinisekile "kuyisifo senhliziyo". Kodwa ungasinaki futhi. Kungcono ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu bese ukhuluma ngalokhu.
Kungani inhliziyo iba buthakathaka kangaka? Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko?
Akukho imbangela eyodwa yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, kodwa kunezinto eziningana ezingaba nomthelela kukho. Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha zingalimaza inhliziyo futhi zinciphise ikhono layo lokupompa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko:
- Isifo Semithambo Yenhliziyo Nokuhlaselwa Yinhliziyo: Lesi yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu. Lapho imithambo yegazi enikeza igazi enhliziyweni incishiswa yizinqwaba zamafutha, imisipha yenhliziyo ayitholi umoya-mpilo oyidingayo. Uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ingxenye yenhliziyo yonakala unomphela futhi iba buthakathaka.
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongalawuleki (Umfutho wegazi ophakeme): Uma unomfutho wegazi ophezulu iminyaka eminingi, inhliziyo yakho kufanele isebenze kanzima ukupompa igazi. Kufana nokuphakamisa isisindo esinzima. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imisipha yenhliziyo ingaqina futhi ekugcineni ibe buthaka.
- Isifo Sikashukela: Isifo sikashukela esingalawulwa singalimaza ngqo imithambo yegazi kanye nenhliziyo.
- I-Cardiomyopathy: Ezinye izifo, ukusebenzisa utshwala ngokweqile, noma izimbangela zofuzo kungenza imisipha yenhliziyo ibe buthaka.
- Izinkinga Zevalvu Yenhliziyo: Uma amavalvu enhliziyo engavuli futhi engavali kahle, inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukupompa igazi.
- Ukukhubazeka Kwenhliziyo Okubangelwa Yisifo Sokuzalwa: Abanye abantu bazalwa benokukhubazeka okuthile kwenhliziyo.
- Ezinye izimo: Isifo sezinso, izinkinga ze-thyroid, kanye neminye imithi yomdlavuza (i-chemotherapy) nakho kungabangela lokhu.
Kunezigaba ezine zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
Odokotela bahlukanisa lesi simo ngezigaba ezine (A, B, C, D). Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthola ukuthi lesi sifo sibucayi kangakanani bese behlela ukwelashwa.
1. Isigaba A: Laba bantu abakabi nenhliziyo ebuthakathaka. Kodwa banezici eziyingozi njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, kanye nomlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo. Kulesi sigaba, umgomo ukulawula lezo zinto eziyingozi nokuzama ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singabi khona.
2. Isigaba B: Laba bantu bangase babe nezinguquko ezithile zesakhiwo enhliziyweni yabo (isib., ngemva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo), kodwa abakabi nezimpawu. Laba bantu bangalawula nezimpawu zabo ngemithi kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila.
3. Isigaba C: Laba bantu banesifo senhliziyo futhi babhekene nezimpawu (njengokuphelelwa umoya nokuvuvukala kwemilenze). Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukulawula izimpawu, ukwenza impilo ibe lula, nokuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu.
4. Isigaba D: Lesi yisigaba sokugcina salesi sifo. Laba bantu banenkinga yokulawula izimpawu zabo ngokwelashwa okujwayelekile. Basenazo izimpawu uma bebodwa. Laba bantu bangadinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile, mhlawumbe ukufakelwa inhliziyo.
Ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa kwenziwa kanjani?
Uma ubona udokotela, uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho, umlando womndeni wakho, kanye nanoma yimiphi imithi oyithathayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazokuhlola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nokuthola imbangela.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola izinto ezifana nokusebenza kwezinso kanye ne-thyroid kanye ne-anemia.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Hlola usayizi wenhliziyo nokuthi kukhona yini uketshezi oluqongelelekayo emaphashini.
- I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo futhi kungabona izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo kanye nezimo zenhliziyo ezikhona kakade.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Lolu vivinyo olubaluleke kakhulu. Lufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo. Lungalinganisa ubukhulu benhliziyo, ukujiya kwemisipha yenhliziyo, ukusebenza kwama-valve, nokuthi inhliziyo iphampa kahle kangakanani igazi (i-Ejection Fraction - EF).
- Ezinye izivivinyo: Ngezinye izikhathi izivivinyo ezifana nokuthi `(ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka)` kanye nokuthi `(i-Cardiac MRI)` nazo zingadingeka.
Izindlela zokwelapha
Nakuba kungekho ikhambi eliphelele lokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila, izimpawu zingalawulwa, lesi sifo singancishiswa, futhi abantu bangaphila impilo ekhululekile nesebenzayo.
Uhlelo lokwelashwa luqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Imithi
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza izinhlobo eziningana zemithi kuye ngesimo sakho. Lokhu kusebenza ukunciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi enhliziyweni yakho, ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho, ukususa uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni wakho, nokuvikela inhliziyo yakho. Isibonelo, ama-ACE inhibitors, ama-beta-blockers, kanye nama-diuretics (amaphilisi amanzi) avame ukusetshenziswa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo njengoba eyalelwe, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa usuku olulodwa.
2. Izinguquko Zendlela Yokuphila
Lezi zinto zibaluleke njengemithi.
- Ukulawula usawoti: Kufanele unciphise inani likasawoti owufaka ekudleni kwakho. Usawoti wandisa ukugcinwa koketshezi emzimbeni, okwandisa umthwalo enhliziyweni. Ukudla okusemathinini, amasoso, kanye nokudla okusheshayo kunosawoti omningi.
- Ukulawula uketshezi: Abanye abantu bangase belulekwe odokotela babo ukuthi banciphise inani lamanzi abawaphuzayo ngosuku.
- Ukukala Kwansuku Zonke: Zikale ngesikhathi esifanayo njalo ekuseni bese ubhala phansi isisindo sakho. Uma ngokuzumayo ukhuphuka amakhilogremu angu-1-2 ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu, kusho ukuthi ugcina uketshezi emzimbeni wakho. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ukudla okunempilo: Yidla imifino eminingi, izithelo, nokudla okucebile nge-fiber. Nciphisa uwoyela, ushukela, nokudla okucutshunguliwe.
- Ukuzivocavoca okufanele: Buza udokotela wakho ngezivivinyo ezifanele wena futhi ezingadingi umzamo omkhulu. Ngisho nento elula njengokuhamba iyinto enhle.
- Yeka ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala: Kokubili lokhu kubi kakhulu enhliziyweni.
- Okunye ukulawula izifo:Uma unezinye izifo, njengesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kubalulekile ukuzilawula kahle.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla noma uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Ikakhulukazi, qaphela okulandelayo:
- Uma kunzima ukuphefumula ngisho noma umi nje.
- Uma ukuvuvukala emilenzeni noma esiswini kukhula ngokuzumayo.
- Uma ukhuluphala ngokuzumayo (ngaphezu kwama-2 kg ezinsukwini ezimbalwa).
- Uma uhlala uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu.
Uma ngokuzumayo uhlangabezana nobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo akuyona into okufanele uyesabe bese uyeka. Kuyisimo esingalawulwa, njengesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele, uphuze imithi efanele, futhi usebenzise indlela yokuphila enempilo. Ngokusekelwa udokotela wakho nomndeni wakho, ungasiphatha kahle lesi simo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo akukhona ukuyeka kwenhliziyo, kodwa kunalokho ukwehla kwamandla ayo okupompa igazi.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, nokukhathala njalo yizimpawu eziyinhloko. Ungakuzibi lokhu.
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, nesifo senhliziyo yizona zimbangela eziyinhloko zalesi simo.
- Nakuba lesi simo singelapheki ngokuphelele, singalawulwa kahle kakhulu futhi impilo evamile ingaholwa ngemithi kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Ungaphuthelwa ngisho usuku olulodwa lomuthi wakho.
- Ukunciphisa usawoti ekudleni kwakho, ukuzikala nsuku zonke, kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezimpawu zakho, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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