Sonke siyazi ukuthi isibindi siyisitho esikhulu kunazo zonke emzimbeni wethu. Isibindi sisebenza njengefektri enkulu ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu. Njengoba nje izinto zokusetshenziswa zifika kule fektri, igazi nalo liza esibindini, futhi ngemva kokusebenza kwalo, liyaphuma. Ngakho-ke, kukhona uhlelo olukhethekile lwemithambo yegazi ngaphakathi kwesibindi oluthatha igazi elihlanziwe, elondliwe, neliqediwe libuyele enhliziyweni yethu. Leso simiso semithambo yegazi yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'imithambo yesibindi'. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, iyini le mithambo yesibindi?
Cabanga ngesibindi sakho njengesihlungi samanzi esikhulu. Igazi elivela kwezinye izitho ezisesiswini sethu lihlanzwa yilesi sihlungi. Kudingeka uhlelo olukhulu lwamapayipi ukuze kuthunyelwe amanzi ahlanziwe ethangini eliyinhloko. Ngokufanayo, igazi elihlanziwe yisihlungi sesibindi lithunyelwa emuva enhliziyweni ukuze liphampelwe emzimbeni wonke ngemithambo yesibindi .
Le mithambo ijoyina i-Inferior Vena Cava (IVC), omunye wemithambo emikhulu emzimbeni wethu. Le IVC iqoqa lonke igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo engxenyeni engezansi yomzimba wethu bese iliyisa e-atrium efanele yenhliziyo.
Ngokuvamile, sinemithambo emithathu eyinhloko yesibindi.
- Umthambo wesibindi wesokudla
- Umthambo wesibindi wesobunxele
- Umthambo wesibindi ophakathi
Le mithambo emithathu iyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu lokujikeleza kwegazi. Ngoba ithwala igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo kodwa elihlanzekile lisuka esibindini liye enhliziyweni. Ngemuva kwalokho lelo gazi liya emaphashini, lithathe umoya-mpilo, bese libuyela enhliziyweni ukuze lijikeleze umzimba wonke.
Zikuphi lezi mithambo? Ziyini izimo zazo?
Le mithambo yesibindi itholakala ngaphakathi kwesibindi . Njengamagatsha esihlahla, le mithambo isakazeka kulo lonke isibindi. Lapho odokotela behlukanisa isibindi sibe yizingxenye, basebenzisa le mithambo njengemingcele. Kukhona inethiwekhi ebizwa ngokuthi 'imithambo ephakathi' eqoqa igazi kuma-capillary amahle kakhulu ngaphakathi kwesibindi. Igazi elivela kuleyo mithambo ephakathi yilona elihlanganisa le mithambo emikhulu yesibindi.
Lo mthambo, ophuma ngemuva kwesibindi, uxhumeka ngqo ku-'inferior vena cava' (IVC) esikhulume ngayo ngaphambili. Okusho ukuthi, useduze nomgogodla wethu, ngaphansi nje kwe-diaphragm.
Esikhathini esiningi, umthambo wesibindi wesokudla uxhuma ne-IVC kuphela. Kodwa-ke, imithambo yesibindi yesobunxele nephakathi iyahlangana ukuze yakhe isiqu esincane esivamile esixhuma ne-IVC.
Kodwa lokhu akufani kuwo wonke umuntu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nokushintshashintsha okuncane endleleni le mithambo etholakala ngayo. Akusona isifo noma imbangela yokukhathazeka. Kuvamile. Kodwa-ke, lapho benza ukuhlinzwa okukhulu njengokufakelwa kwesibindi, odokotela abahlinzayo bakhathazeka kakhulu ngalezi zinguquko.
Yiziphi izinguquko abanye abantu abangazibona?
Lokhu kungenxa yolwazi lwakho kuphela. Akukho okubi ngokuba nezinguquko ezinjalo.
| Ukwehluka | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Isesekeli somthambo wesibindi ongaphansi kwesokudla | Ngaphezu kwemithambo emithathu eyinhloko, omunye umthambo omncane ohlangothini lwesokudla lwesibindi uxhumeka ngqo ku-IVC. |
| Imithambo emibili yesibindi yesokudla | Abanye abantu bangase babe nemithambo emibili yesibindi yesokudla. Le mithambo emibili ingahlangana bese ingena ku-IVC, noma ingahlangana ngokwehlukana. |
| Ukuhluma kokuqala komthambo wesibindi wesokudla | Njengoba umthambo wesibindi wesokudla usuzojoyina i-IVC, omunye umthambo wegatsha elincane uyawujoyina. |
| Ukugeleza kwamanzi okuzimele kwemithambo yesibindi ephakathi nesobunxele | Imithambo ephakathi neyangakwesobunxele ayihlangani, kodwa ixhumeka ku-IVC ngokwehlukana. |
Yiziphi izifo ezithinta imithambo yesibindi?
Isimo esiyinhloko nesibucayi kakhulu esithinta le mithambo yi -Budd-Chiari syndrome .
Kalula nje, lokhu kusho ukuthi amahlule egazi akheka ngaphakathi kwemithambo yesibindi, avimbe imithambo.. Cabanga ukuthi lapho ucezu lodaka lubhajwa epayipini lamanzi, umzila wamanzi uyavaleka, bese amanzi egcwalisa ingemuva lepayipi. Ngendlela efanayo, lapho kwakheka ihlule legazi emthanjeni wesibindi, lonke igazi okufanele liphume esibindini liyabhajwa endaweni eyodwa, futhi ingcindezi engaphakathi kwesibindi iyanda kakhulu. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu.
Uma igazi libhajwa esibindini ngale ndlela, kungabangela ezinye izinkinga eziningi.
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu we-Portal: Ukucindezeleka okukhulu emthanjeni oyinhloko othwala igazi liye esibindini (i-portal vein).
- Imithambo ye-Esophageal Varices: Imithambo ese-esophagus (gullet) ingavuvukala, ivuvuke, futhi yophe igazi.
- Ama-Ascites: Isisu sigcwala uketshezi olufana namanzi, bese isisu siqala ukukhula.
- I-Cirrhosis yesibindi: Ukulimala kwesikhathi eside esibindini kubangela ukuthi amangqamuzana esibindi afe futhi athathelwe indawo yizicubu ezine-fibrous, okwenza kancane kancane isibindi singasebenzi.
Izimpawu ezingase zivele kulesi simo
Ungase uzibuze ukuthi umzimba wakho ubuzozizwa kanjani uma kwenzeka into efana nale. Nazi ezinye izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele.
| Isibonakaliso | Kusho ukuthini lokhu? |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu besisu esingaphezulu | Ubuhlungu obukhulu bungenzeka ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwesibindi kanye nokucindezela okukhulu ngaphakathi. |
| Ukuqunjelwa kanye nokwanda kwesisindo ngokushesha | Ama-Ascites angabangela ukuthi isisu sibonakale sivuvukele futhi abangele ukukhuluphala ngokuzumayo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze noma amaqakala (i-Edema) | Imilenze ingavuvukala ngenxa yokungajikelezi kahle koketshezi lomzimba. |
| Ukuhlanza igazi noma ukuphuma kwegazi esitulweni | Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu. Ukuqhekeka komthambo emqaleni kungabangela ukuhlanza igazi kanye nendle emnyama. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kufanele uye ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka | Ngenxa yokusebenza kwesibindi okungasebenzi kahle, umzimba ungase ungatholi amandla adingekayo futhi ungase uzizwe ukhathele njalo. |
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma utshela udokotela wakho ngalezi zimpawu, uzokuhlola futhi akuthumelele izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kunganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokusebenza kwesibindi.
- Ukuskena nge-ultrasound: Lokhu kungabona ngokucacile ukugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yesibindi nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini amahlule egazi.
- I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT scan): Lokhu kungaveza izithombe ezinemininingwane zesibindi nemithambo yegazi.
- I-MRI Scan (I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging - I-MRI): Lokhu kungaveza nezithombe ezicacile zesibindi nemithambo yegazi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwesibindi: Kwezinye izimo, kuthathwa ingxenye encane yesibindi kusetshenziswa inalithi encane kakhulu ukuhlola izinga eliqondile lomonakalo wesibindi.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lezi?
Izindlela zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesiguli. Umgomo oyinhloko ukuncibilikisa ihlule legazi emthanjeni nokubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi.
Lokhu kungenziwa ngokunikeza imithi yokususa amahlule egazini (ukwelashwa nge-thrombolytic) noma ngokuvula umthambo ngezinqubo ezifana ne-angioplasty. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu kuwe, kuye ngesimo sakho.
Ungayigcina kanjani imithambo yesibindi kanye nomzimba wonke uphilile?
Lezi zinto azigcini nje ngokugcina imithambo yakho yesibindi iphilile, kodwa futhi nenhliziyo yakho yonke kanye nohlelo lwemithambo yegazi luphilile.
| Okufanele ngikwenze | Kungani lokho kubalulekile? |
|---|---|
| Nciphisa utshwala. | Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile kungenye yezitha ezinkulu zesibindi. Kubangela umonakalo omkhulu esibindini, enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi. |
| Gwema ukubhema. | Ukubhema kulimaza izindonga zemithambo yegazi futhi kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi. |
| Lawula ezinye izifo | Uma unezimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma isifo sikashukela, zilawule ngendlela efanele, ngaphandle kwalokho zingalimaza imithambo yegazi yakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. |
| Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo | Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, usawoti, noshukela, bese ufaka izinto ezifana nemifino, izithelo, amakhambi, nezinhlanzi ezihlanzekile ekudleni kwakho. |
| Ukuzivocavoca umzimba. | Ukwenza ukuzivocavoca okulula njengokuhamba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku kuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wonke. |
| Yenza ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha. | Bona udokotela okungenani kanye ngonyaka ukuze uhlole impilo yakho. Ngaleyo ndlela, uma kunenkinga, ungayibona ngokushesha. |
Into abantu abaningi abayididayo: Ingabe umthambo wesibindi nomthambo we-portal ziyinto efanayo?
Cha. Lezi izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene ngokuphelele zemithambo yegazi ezenza imisebenzi emibili ephikisanayo.
Lokhu kufana 'nomnyango' kanye 'nokuphuma' komgwaqo.
- I-Portal Vein: Lena yindlela yokungena esibindini. I-portal vein ithwala igazi elinomsoco elivela ezithweni ezifana namathumbu nesisu liye esibindini.
- Imithambo Yesibindi: Lezi yizindlela eziphuma esibindini. Igazi elihlanziwe esibindini liyiswa emuva enhliziyweni ngemithambo yesibindi.
Bheka leli thebula ukuze uthole ukucaca okwengeziwe.
| Umehluko | Umthambo Wesango | Imithambo Yesibindi |
|---|---|---|
| Umsebenzi | Ukuletha igazi esibindini | Ukugeleza kwegazi kusuka esibindini |
| Uhlobo lwegazi | Igazi elicebile ngezakhamzimba, kodwa elingacolisisiwe | Igazi elihlanzwa yisibindi, kodwa liphansi komoya-mpilo |
| Indawo oya kuyo | Isibindi | Inhliziyo nge-vena cava engaphansi (IVC) |
Ngakho-ke manje usuyazi ukuthi umthambo wesibindi uyisixhumanisi esibaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwesibindi nenhliziyo. Ukugcina le mithambo iphilile kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yomzimba wakho wonke.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imithambo yesibindi yimithambo yegazi eyinhloko ethwala igazi elihlanziwe esibindini sakho libuyele enhliziyweni yakho.
- Isimo esibi kakhulu esihambisana nalesi simo ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi ngaphakathi kwale mithambo (i-Budd-Chiari syndrome).
- Qaphela kakhulu izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu esiswini esingaphezulu, ukuqunjelwa, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, nokuhlanza igazi. Uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ngokugwema utshwala, ukubhema, nokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo, ungagcina hhayi nje kuphela le mithambo, kodwa nomzimba wakho wonke uphilile.
- Uma unokungabaza okuncane kakhulu ngempilo yesibindi sakho, ungesabi ukukhuluma ngakho ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho.
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