Kuvamile ukuthi umama wakho, ubaba, noma ugogo wakho bakhohlwe izinto ezincane njengoba bekhula. Kodwa uma lokhu kukhohlwa kuba kubi kakhulu, kuze kube yilapho ungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, kungaba ukuqala kwesifo i-Alzheimer's. Ungesabi uma uzwa lokhu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda lesi simo ngendlela efanele . Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngakho kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Alzheimer's?
Isifo i-Alzheimer's siyisifo esibhubhisa kancane kancane inkumbulo yethu. Sithinta kakhulu ubuchopho. Into yokuqala eyenzekayo ukuthi siqala ukukhohlwa izinto ezenzeke muva nje. Kodwa ngokumangazayo, singazikhumbula kahle izinto ezenzeke eminyakeni edlule.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ezinye izimpawu zingase zivele. Isibonelo:
- Ubunzima bokugxila entweni ethile.
- Ngisho nemisebenzi elula yansuku zonke, njengokwenza itiye, kungaba nzima ukuyifeza.
- Ukuzizwa udidekile futhi ukhungathekile , ikakhulukazi ebusuku.
- Imizwa engazelelwe yentukuthelo, ukwesaba, kanye nokucindezeleka.
- Ukukhohlwa imigwaqo, izindawo, nokulahleka.
- Izinkinga zomzimba ezifana nokushintsha kwendlela yokuhamba kanye nokulahlekelwa yibhalansi.
- Ubunzima bokukhuluma nokuxhumana nabanye.
Uma lesi sifo siba sibi kakhulu, umuntu angakhohlwa izingane zakhe nomndeni wakhe. Umuntu angase angakwazi ukuzigqokisa, ukudla, noma ngisho nokuya endlini yangasese eyedwa. Lesi sifo sibhubhisa kancane kancane izicubu zobuchopho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lesi simo sivame ukubonakala kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65 .
Ingabe i-Alzheimer's kanye ne-Dementia ziyinto efanayo?
Nakuba la magama amabili evame ukusetshenziswa ndawonye, kunomehluko omncane.
I-Dementia akuyona igama lesifo esithile. Yigama elijwayelekile leqoqo lezimpawu ezithinta inkumbulo, ikhono lokucabanga, kanye nokuziphatha.
Isifo i-Alzheimer's yisifo esivame kakhulu esibangela i-dementia. Okusho ukuthi, i-dementia ingavela nangenxa yezizathu ezingezona i-Alzheimer's.
Izigaba ezintathu zesifo i-Alzheimer's
Isifo i-Alzheimer's sivame ukuqhubeka kancane kancane ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko. Kubalulekile ukuthi isiguli kanye nabanakekeli baso bakwazi lokhu.
| Isiteji | Incazelo kanye nezimpawu |
|---|---|
| Isigaba sokuqala (Esincane) | Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izimpawu azibonakali kangako. Yilabo abaseduze nawe kuphela abazobona noma yiziphi izinguquko. Usengakwazi ukwenza izinto ezifana nokushayela nokuhlanganyela emisebenzini yomphakathi. Kodwa-ke, ungase uqale ukulahlekelwa imininingwane, uhlele imisebenzi, futhi ukhohlwe ukuthi ubeke kuphi izinto. |
| Okumaphakathi | Lesi yisigaba eside kunazo zonke salesi sifo. Ungase uhlale kulesi sigaba iminyaka. Izimpawu ziya ziba zimbi kancane kancane, kanti abanye bangase balubone lolu shintsho. Ungase ube nobunzima bokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke, futhi ungase uzizwe udidekile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ungase ubone izinguquko ezibalulekile ekuziphatheni. Ungase udinge umuntu ozokusiza ukuze uthole ukuphepha nokuvikeleka. |
| Isigaba sokugcina (Esinzima) | Kulesi sigaba, isiguli sidinga ukunakekelwa amahora angama-24 ngosuku . Kungenzeka singazi nokuthi sikuphi. Asikwazi ngisho nokwenza imisebenzi elula yomzimba njengokuhamba, ukuhlala phansi, nokugcina sigwinye ukudla. Ukukhuluma kunzima kakhulu. Kulesi sigaba, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna usizo ezinkonzweni zokunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuze sinikeze isiguli nomndeni induduzo. |
Kungani isifo i-Alzheimer sivela? Ziyini izimbangela?
Nakuba abantu abathola isifo i-Alzheimer's bevame ukuguga, akuyona ingxenye evamile yenqubo yokuguga. Ososayensi abakaqiniseki ukuthi kungani abanye abantu besithola kanti abanye abasitholi. Kodwa-ke, bayazi ukuthi izimbangela ezimbili eziyinhloko zalezi zimpawu ukulimala kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni:
1. Ukuxinana kwamangqamuzana emizwa: Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ama-Neurofibrillary tangles".
2. Ama-protein deposits: Ama-deposits ohlobo lwe-protein olubizwa ngokuthi `(ama-Beta-amyloid plaques)` ebuchosheni.
Ucwaningo lusaqhubeka mayelana nokuthi lokhu kulimala kwenzeka kanjani nokuthi kungani kwenzeka. Kucatshangwa ukuthi iphrotheni esegazini ebizwa ngokuthi i-'ApoE (Apolipoprotein E)' ingase ihileleke.
Ingabe lokhu kuyinto evela ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane?
Impendulo yalo mbuzo iyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Abacwaningi bathole izakhi zofuzo eziningana ezandisa noma ezinciphisa ingozi yesifo i-Alzheimer's. Kodwa ayikho imbangela eyodwa yezakhi zofuzo yesifo i-Alzheimer's.
Uma abazali bakho noma abafowenu noma abafowenu noma abafowethu nodadewethu bebenalesi sifo, ingozi yakho yokuba naso iphakeme kancane. Kodwa akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzosithola. Futhi, umuntu ongenawo umlando womndeni walesi sifo angase abe nesifo i-Alzheimer's.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi unesi sifo?
Uma usola ukuthi unesifo i-Alzheimer's, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukubonana nodokotela wakho . Uzokudlulisela kudokotela wezinzwa uma kudingeka. Ukuze axilonge, udokotela uzokubuza imibuzo efana nalokhu:
- Ingabe unezinkinga ngenkumbulo yakho noma ukucabanga? Uma kunjalo, lokhu kukuthinte kangakanani?
- Ingabe kube noshintsho ekuziphatheni kwakho noma ebuntwini bakho?
- Lezi zinkinga zithinta kanjani impilo yakho yansuku zonke?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nelungu lomndeni nawe ngalesi sikhathi, ngoba lowo muntu angatshela udokotela ngisho nezinto ongazikhumbuli.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene ukuqinisekisa lesi sifo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-neurological okukala inkumbulo yakho, ikhono lokuxazulula izinkinga, kanye nekhono lolimi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho ezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
- Ukuskena kobuchopho ukuhlola ukusebenza kobuchopho. Izibonelo: Ukuskena `(CT)`, `(MRI)`, kanye `(PET)`.
- Kwezinye izimo, kwenziwa ukupompa komgogodla ukuhlola uketshezi lomgogodla (CSF).
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha isifo i-Alzheimer's?
Ngeshwa, alikho ikhambi lesifo i-Alzheimer's okwamanje . Kodwa-ke, kunemithi engasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhubeka kwalesi sifo, ukulawula izimpawu, nokwenza impilo ibe lula.
Imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo izoncika esigabeni sesifo okuso kanye nezimpawu ozizwayo. Eminye imithi emisha (i-Lecanemab, i-Donanemab) isusa amaprotheni ayingozi ebuchosheni futhi ilawule ukuqhubeka kwesifo, kanti eminye imithi isiza ukuthuthukisa amakhono okukhumbula nokucabanga kanye nokulawula izinkinga zokuziphatha.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ungalokothi uthathe imithi wedwa noma ngeseluleko sabanye. Njalo funa ukwelashwa kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikachwepheshe .
Ingabe zikhona izinto esingazenza ukuze sizivikele esifweni i-Alzheimer's?
Nakuba kungekho ndlela yokuvimbela isifo i-Alzheimer's ngo-100%, kunezinguquko eziningana zendlela yokuphila esingazisebenzisa ukuze sinciphise ingozi yethu.
- Lawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme: Umfutho wegazi ophakeme uyisici esiyinhloko esingabangela ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kamuva ekuphileni.
- Ukuzivocavoca njalo: Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kuzuzisa kakhulu impilo yobuchopho.
- Landela ukudla okunempilo: Ukudla okunoshukela omncane namafutha agcwele, kanye nokucebile ngezithelo, imifino, kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele kusiza ekuvikeleni ubuchopho.
- Hlala uxhumene nabantu: Ukukhuluma nabanye nokwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene kusiza ukugcina ubuchopho busebenza.
- Vikela ikhanda lakho: Ukulimala ekhanda kungandisa ingozi yakho ye-Alzheimer's esikhathini esizayo, ngakho-ke thatha izinyathelo zokuphepha.
- Nciphisa ukucindezeleka: Gcina ingqondo yakho izolile ngezinto ezifana ne-yoga nokuzindla.
Amathiphu ambalwa okunakekela umuntu one-Alzheimer's
Ukunakekela umuntu one-Alzheimer's akulula. Kudinga isineke esikhulu, umusa, nokuqonda. Uma unakekela umuntu one-Alzheimer's, lawa macebiso azokusiza.
- Yenza isimiso: Zijwayeze ukwenza izinto ezifana nokugeza, ukudla, nokugqoka ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukudideka kwabo.
- Khuluma ngokucacile nangokuzola: Sebenzisa amagama alula abawaqondayo. Lalela ngesineke.
- Yenza indawo yasekhaya lakho iphephe: Susa amakhaphethi ashelelayo. Faka imigoqo yokubamba endlini yokugezela. Qinisekisa ukuthi kunokukhanya okuhle.
- Mabazimele ngangokunokwenzeka: Ungabasizi ngezinto abangazenza bodwa. Lokhu kuzosiza ekugcineni ukuzethemba kwabo.
- Cabanga ngawe futhi: Ngesikhathi unakekela umuntu ogulayo, zinike isikhathi sokuphumula futhi wenze izinto ozithandayo. Uma kudingeka, cela usizo kwamanye amalungu omndeni noma kubangani.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo i-Alzheimer's asiyona into evamile yokuguga. Siyisifo esiqhubekayo esonakalisa amangqamuzana obuchopho.
- Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ubunzima bokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke, kanye nezinguquko zokuziphatha yizimpawu eziyinhloko.
- Nakuba lesi sifo singelapheki ngokuphelele, kunezindlela zokwelapha zokulawula izimpawu nokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwalesi sifo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha .
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo inganciphisa ingozi yezifo.
- Ukunakekela umuntu one-Alzheimer's kuyinselele. Kudinga isineke, ukuqonda, kanye nokusekelwa kwakho. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela isimo futhi ubhekane naso ngqo, ngaphandle kokwesaba.
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