Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa uphelelwa umoya, isifuba sakho sizwakala siqinile, noma uzizwa unesizungu ngisho nangemva kokuhamba ibanga elifushane? Noma uvame ukuba nekhanda elibuhlungu? Esinye isizathu salokhu kungaba ukwehla kwezinga lomoya-mpilo egazini lakho. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-hypoxemia . Njengoba lokhu kungaba yisimo esibi kakhulu, ake sifinyelele emnyombweni waso kalula nangokucacile.
Kulungile, kuyini lokhu kwe-Hypoxemia?
Kalula nje, i-Hypoxemia yisimo lapho igazi lakho linenani elingaphansi kwelejwayelekile lomoya-mpilo. I-oksijini ibalulekile kuwo wonke amaseli nezitho zomzimba wethu ukuze zisebenze kahle, njengoba nje imoto idinga uphethiloli ukuze isebenze.
Cabanga ngale ndlela. Uma siphefumula, umoya-mpilo osemoyeni uya emaphashini ethu. Ngaphakathi emaphashini kunenethiwekhi yama-air sac amancane abizwa ngokuthi ama-alveoli. Lawa ma-air sac azungezwe yimithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu (ama-capillaries). Uma siphefumula, umoya-mpilo ongena emaphashini umuncwa ngalezi zikhwama zomoya ungene emithanjeni yegazi. Igazi libe selithatha lo moya-mpilo bese liwusabalalisa ezicutshini kuwo wonke umzimba.
I-Hypoxemia yenzeka lapho kukhona okungahambi kahle ngale nqubo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi awukwazi ukuphefumula umoya-mpilo owanele , noma umoya-mpilo owuphefumulayo awukwazi ukungena egazini lakho kahle . Yingakho abantu abanesifo samaphaphu nesifo senhliziyo besengozini enkulu yalesi simo.
Ingabe i-Hypoxemia kanye ne-Hypoxia zizinto ezihlukene?
Yebo, nakuba abantu abaningi bephambanisa la magama amabili, kunomehluko omncane. Kubalulekile ukwazi lokho.
- I-Hypoxemia ukwehla kwamazinga omoya-mpilo egazini .
- I-Hypoxia ukwehla kwenani lomoya-mpilo ofinyelela ezicutshini zomzimba .
Cabanga ngegazi 'njengeloli lokulethwa' elithwala umoya-mpilo. Izicubu 'zingamakhasimende' alinde umoya-mpilo. I-Hypoxemia yilapho umthwalo weloli (umoya-mpilo) uphansi. Ngakho-ke, i-Hypoxia yilapho ikhasimende lingawutholi umthwalo. Ngokuvamile, lapho umoya-mpilo egazini uphansi (i-Hypoxemia), izicubu nazo azinawo umoya-mpilo (i-Hypoxia). Kodwa lokho akwenzeki njalo.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Izimpawu ze-hypoxemia zingahluka kuye ngobukhali bayo kanye nembangela yayo. Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile zibhalwe kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ukuzizwa ufutha, ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya). |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Ubuhlungu bekhanda, ikakhulukazi ekuseni. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo (i-tachycardia). |
| Ukukhwehlela nomsindo wesifuba | Ukukhwehlela nokuphefumula njalo lapho uphefumula. |
| Ukudideka | Ukudideka nokukhungatheka kwenzeka lapho ubuchopho buntula umoya-mpilo. |
| Ubuluhlaza Okwesibhakabhaka (i-Cyanosis) | Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo! Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba, izindebe, kanye nezinzipho kube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izimbangela zokuntuleka koketshezi emzimbeni?
Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalokhu. Isizathu esiyinhloko yisimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo esithinta inqubo yokuphefumula noma ukujikeleza kwegazi. Isibonelo, uma uya endaweni ephakeme, njengendawo enezintaba, lesi simo singavela okwesikhashana ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo endaweni ezungezile.
Ngezansi kunezinye zezimo zezokwelapha eziyinhloko ezingabangela ukuntuleka koshukela egazini.
- Isifuba somoya
- Inyumoniya
- I-COPD (Isifo Esingapheli Sokuvimbela Amaphaphu)
- Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo Okubangelwa Ukuqina Kwenhliziyo
- I-Pulmonary Embolism
- Ukuvuvukala Kwamaphaphu
- Ukuphefumula komoya ngesikhathi sokulala
- I-anemia
- Izinkinga Zenhliziyo Ezizalwa Nazo
- Izifo zokuphefumula ezinzima njenge-COVID-19
Izindlela ezi-5 eziyinhloko ezifaka isandla ekunciphiseni umoya-mpilo
Ngokombono wezokwelapha, kunezindlela ezi-5 eziyinhloko ezibangela ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo egazini. Lezi ziyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa masizigcine zilula.
1.Ukungafani Komoya-Ukugeleza (V/Q): Cabanga ngamaphaphu njengesitendi sebhasi. Umoya (i-oxygen) ngabagibeli. Igazi yibhasi. Ngezinye izikhathi isitendi sigcwele abagibeli, kodwa awekho amabhasi (ukugeleza kwegazi okuphansi). Noma kunamabhasi amaningi, kodwa awekho abagibeli (umoya ophansi). Lokhu kungafani phakathi kokugeleza komoya nokugeleza kwegazi kubizwa ngokuthi ukungafani kwe-V/Q.
2. Ukuphazamiseka Kokusabalala: Manje ake ucabange ukuthi abagibeli (i-oxygen) basendaweni yokuma, futhi ibhasi (igazi) liyahamba. Kodwa kunesithiyo kubagibeli ukuthi bangene ebhasini. Lesi yisithiyo somoya-mpilo ovela emaphashini uye egazini . Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokuqina kwezindonga zamaphaphu.
3. Ukuphefumula kancane: Kalula nje , ukuphefumula kancane noma ukungaphefumuli ngokujulile , okuholela ekutheni umoya-mpilo ungafiki emaphashini.
4. I-Oxygen Ephansi Yendawo: Lona usobala. Uma indawo esikuyo ingenayo i-oxygen eningi , isibonelo, uma siya esiqongweni sentaba, ngeke sikwazi ukungenisa i-oxygen eyanele.
5. Ukuzulazula Ukusuka Kwesokudla Kuya Kwesobunxele: Inhliziyo yethu inegazi eline-oxygen ephansi (igazi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) ngakwesokudla kanye negazi eline-oxygen ephezulu (igazi elibomvu) ngakwesokunxele. Lokhu kokubili akuhlangani. Kodwa kwezinye izifo zenhliziyo, esikhundleni sokuya emaphashini ukuyothola umoya-mpilo, elinye igazi eline-oxygen ephansi ligxumela ngqo ohlangothini lwesobunxele bese liya emzimbeni . Lokhu futhi kuyimbangela ye-Hypoxemia.
Udokotela ukuthola kanjani lokhu?
Ngemva kokulalela izimpawu zakho, udokotela uzokuxilonga. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukulalela inhliziyo namaphaphu akho, ukuhlola umbala wesikhumba sakho, nokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuze kutholakale amazinga akho omoya-mpilo.
- I-Pulse Oximetry: Kungenzeka ukuthi ukubonile lokhu. Kuyithuluzi elinamathela emunweni wakho futhi lilinganise amazinga akho e-oxygen. Akubuhlungu futhi kulula kakhulu. I-pulse yomuntu ophilile kufanele ibe ngu-95% noma ngaphezulu.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Arterial Blood Gas (ABG): Lolu ukuhlolwa okunembe kakhulu. Kuthathwa isampula encane yegazi emthanjeni osesihlakaleni, ekhoneni lendololwane, noma embotsheni, bese kulinganiswa amazinga omoya-mpilo, i-carbon dioxide, kanye ne-acidity (pH) yegazi.
- Isivivinyo Sokuhamba Ngemizuzu Eyisithupha (6MWT): Isivivinyo esilinganisa ukuthi ungahamba ibanga elingakanani endaweni eqondile ngemizuzu eyi-6, nokuthi amazinga akho omoya-mpilo ashintsha kanjani ngokuzivocavoca.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Into eyinhloko lapho welapha i-hypoxemia ukwelapha imbangela eyinhloko . Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa kusetshenziselwa ukubuyisela ngokushesha amazinga e-oxygen egazini abe ajwayelekile.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwandisa izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokunikeza umoya-mpilo owengeziwe .
Izindlela eziningana zokwelapha:
- Umoya-mpilo: Umoya-mpilo unikezwa nge-cannula yamakhala noma imaski. Abanye abantu banikezwa ama-oxygen concentrator angasetshenziswa ekhaya.
- Ama-inhalers: Abantu abanezimo ezifana ne-asthma noma i-COPD banikezwa ama-inhalers akhulisa imigudu yomoya (ama-bronchodilators) noma anciphise ukuvuvukala (ama-steroids).
- Imishini ye-CPAP: Lo mshini unikezwa abantu abahlushwa yi-sleep apnea ukuze bawusebenzise ebusuku.
- I-Ventilator: Uma isimo sesiguli sibi kakhulu, okusho ukuthi sinenkinga yokuphefumula sodwa, sixhunywe emshinini wokuphefumula owenziwe (i-ventilator) egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile esibhedlela.
- Eminye imithi: Uma amaphaphu egcwele uketshezi, kunikezwa imithi (i-diuretics) ukuze kususwe uketshezi oluthe xaxa.
Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze silondoloze amazinga amahle omoya-mpilo?
Uma unesifo senhliziyo noma samaphaphu, lezi zinto zibalulekile ukunciphisa ingozi yokuntuleka koketshezi emzimbeni.
- Phatha isimo sakho ngendlela efanele: Sebenzisa imithi kanye ne-inhaler oyinikezwe udokotela wakho ngesikhathi. Qiniseka ukuthi uya emitholampilo.
- Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele: Ukubhema kuyingozi kakhulu emaphashini. Ukuyeka ukubhema kuzosiza ekwandiseni amazinga omoya-mpilo.
- Yenza izivivinyo zokuphefumula: Buza udokotela wakho ngezinto ezifana nokuphefumula okujulile nokusebenzisa amadivayisi afana ne-Incentive Spirometer.
- Qaphela izimpawu ezintsha: Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula noma ubuhlungu besifuba, ungakushayi indiva lokho.
- Qaphela lapho uya ezindaweni eziphakeme: Uma unesifo senhliziyo noma samaphaphu, khuluma nodokotela wakho bese uthola iseluleko esidingekayo ngaphambi kokuya endaweni enezintaba.
Kufanele simbone nini udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu? (Kunini lapho kufanele siye khona ku-ETU)
I-Hypoxemia yisimo esisongela impilo. Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Ukuphefumula kanzima okungazelelwe.
- Ukushintsha kombala wezindebe, izinzipho, noma isikhumba (i-Cyanosis).
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni.
- Ukudideka, ukukhungatheka, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
- Uma usuvele unesifo, izimpawu zaso ezivamile zingase zibe zimbi ngokuzumayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Hypoxemia izinga eliphansi kakhulu lomoya-mpilo egazini. Lokhu kungalimaza izitho zomzimba wethu.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko ubunzima bokuphefumula, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okukhuphukile, kanye nesikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Izifo zamaphaphu (i-asthma, i-COPD) kanye nesifo senhliziyo yizona zimbangela eziyinhloko.
- I-pulse oximeter ebekwe emunweni inganikeza umbono oqondile wamazinga e-oxygen, kodwa kudingeka ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile.
- Izindlela eziyinhloko zokwelapha ukwelapha isifo esiyisisekelo kanye nokunikeza umoya-mpilo wangaphandle uma kudingeka.
- Uma ubhekene nobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula noma isikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho