Uma wena noma othandekayo wakho kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza, kungenzeka ukuthi wake wezwa "ngokwelashwa ngemisebe." Lelo gama lingase lesabe kancane. Kodwa ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi yezokwelapha, lokhu kwelashwa sekuphephe kakhulu futhi kunembile. Namuhla, sikhuluma ngokwelashwa okuthuthuke kakhulu okuhlose amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuphela futhi kunciphisa umonakalo kumaseli aphilile azungezile. Kubizwa ngokuthi i-IMRT.
Kalula nje, iyini i-IMRT?
I-IMRT imele i-Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy . Lolu uhlobo lokwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza. Cabanga ukuthi unethoshi elivamile esandleni sakho. Uma ulivula, likhanyisa indawo enkulu, akunjalo? Kodwa uma ufuna ukukhanyisa indawo encane nje, udinga into efana nethoshi le-laser.
Kunjalo-ke. Ekwelashweni ngemisebe okuvamile, umsebe wemisebe ugxile esimila endaweni efanayo, ebanzi kancane. Kodwa ku-IMRT, sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kakhulu ukwandisa noma ukunciphisa amandla omsebe wemisebe.
Kalula nje, lobu buchwepheshe bungathumela umsebe oqinile kakhulu enkabeni yesimila, lapho kunamaseli amaningi khona, kanye nomsebe ongaqinile kangako emaphethelweni esimila, lapho izicubu ezinempilo ziseduze khona. Lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa ngomshini obizwa ngokuthi i-``Linear Accelerator'' noma i-``LINAC''. Lo mshini awulokothi uthinte umzimba wakho. Wenza ukwelashwa kude.
Umgomo oyinhloko wale ndlela ukunciphisa ukuchayeka emisebeni ezithweni nasezicutshini ezibucayi nezinempilo ezizungeze umdlavuza ngenkathi kubangela umonakalo omkhulu kumaseli omdlavuza.
Kungani ukwelashwa kwe-IMRT kubaluleke kangaka?
Izimila zomdlavuza zingakheka ezingxenyeni eziningi ezahlukene zomzimba wethu. Ngezinye izikhathi, zingakheka eduze kwezitho ezizwela kakhulu njengobuchopho, umgogodla, kanye nezinzwa zamehlo. Lapho welapha umdlavuza endaweni enjalo ngemisebe, kungaba yinselele ukugwema ukulimaza lezo zitho ezizwela kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokunemba kwendlela ye-IMRT, iyindlela enhle kakhulu yokwelapha umdlavuza ezindaweni ezibucayi njengalezi. Ihlasela ngqo umdlavuza futhi iwuphathe, kuyilapho inciphisa kakhulu umonakalo ezicutshini ezizungezile ezinempilo. Ngakho-ke, ingozi yemiphumela emibi iphansi.
Ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza okusetshenziselwa zona i-IMRT yilezi:
- Umdlavuza webele
- Umdlavuza wesibeletho
- Umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu
- Umdlavuza wamaphaphu
- Umdlavuza we-prostate
- Umdlavuza wesisu
- Umdlavuza wesibeletho kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza.
Ubani ohlela futhi anikeze lokhu kwelashwa?
Lokhu akuyona inqubo yomuntu oyedwa. Lokhu kuwumzamo weqembu . Ochwepheshe abaningana abanamakhono basebenza ndawonye ukuze benze ukwelashwa kwakho kuphumelele. Ake sibheke lelo qembu.
| Ilungu leqembu | Umsebenzi owenziwayo |
|---|---|
| Udokotela Wezifo Zomdlavuza Wemisebe | Nguye odala futhi aqondise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa oluphelele. |
| Isazi Sezokwelapha kanye neDosimetrist | Laba ngabantu abasebenzisa amakhompyutha ukuklama ngokunembile ukuma, ubukhali, kanye nomthamo wemisebe yemisebe edingekayo yomdlavuza. |
| Uchwepheshe Wezokwelapha Ngemisebe | Ngezinsuku zokwelapha, lesi sikhulu sizokubeka endaweni efanele, sisebenzise umshini we-LINAC, futhi sinikeze ukwelashwa. |
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokwelashwa? (Iseshini yokulingisa)
Ngaphambi kokuba ukwelashwa kwangempela kuqale, kuba "neseshini yokuhlela." Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `(simulation)` noma `(sim)`. Yilapho lonke ulwazi oludingekayo ukuhlela ukwelashwa luqoqwa khona.
Kwenzekani kulesi sigaba?
- Ama-scan: Uzokwenziwa i-CT scan ukuze ubone kahle ukuthi isimila sakho sikuphi, ubukhulu baso, kanye nesimo saso. Ngezinye izikhathi i-MRI noma i-PET scan nayo ingenziwa.
- Ukumaka: Nsuku zonke zokwelashwa, uzobekwa endaweni efanayo, futhi kuzofakwa amachashazi ambalwa amancane esikhumbeni sakho, njenge-tattoo. Lawa azobukeka njengamachashazi amancane. Lawa machashazi kuzodingeka agcinwe endaweni yawo kuze kube yilapho ukwelashwa kuqediwe.
- Ukufakwa komzimba:Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlale unganyakazi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Ukuze usize ngalokhu, ungasebenzisa 'isikhunta' esikhethekile esenzelwe ukulingana nomzimba wakho.
Ithimba lezokwelapha lisebenzisa ulwazi olutholakale kulesi sigaba se-`(sim)` ukudala imisebe yemisebe eyenzelwe umdlavuza wakho.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?
Uhlelo lokwelashwa luzohluka kuye ngohlobo lomdlavuza onalo. Ngokuvamile, uzothola ukwelashwa nsuku zonke (ngoMsombuluko kuya kuLwesihlanu) amasonto amaningana. Isikhathi ngasinye sizothatha cishe imizuzu engama-30.
Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa:
- Ubekwe endaweni usebenzisa izikhunta, njengoba nje ubunjalo kuleyo seshini ye-`(sim)`.
- Udokotela we-radiation therapist ungena ekamelweni elihlukile avule umshini othi ``LINAC```. Angakuqapha eskrinini. Kukhona nohlelo lwe-``intercom``` olukuvumela ukuthi ukhulume.
- Umshini ujikeleza emuva naphambili njengoba uletha imisebe yemisebe evela ema-engeli ahlukene. Ungase uzwe umsindo othi 'chofoza', 'chofoza' phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Lokhu kuvamile, ungakhathazeki.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukwelashwa kwe-IMRT akubuhlungu nhlobo . Ngeke uzwe imisebe ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
Uzinakekela kanjani ngesikhathi sokululama?
Umzimba wakho udinga ukuphumula okwanele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nangemva kwalokho. Nazi ezinye izinto ezingakusiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha:
- Phumula ngokwanele. Nika umzimba wakho isikhathi sokululama.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo futhi uphuze amanzi amaningi.
- Nakekela isikhumba sakho ngokukhethekile: Isikhumba esisendaweni eselashwe singase sibe bucayi kakhulu.
- Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezithambile.
- Sebenzisa insipho kanye nezinto zokugeza umzimba ezingenazo iziqholo noma amakhemikhali anamandla.
- Ungabeki amabhodlela amanzi ashisayo noma amaphakethe eqhwa esikhumbeni esilungisiwe.
- Mboza indawo uma uphuma elangeni. Uma ungakwazi ukuyimboza, sebenzisa isithako esihle sokuvikela ilanga.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Uzokuchazela imiphumela emibi engaba khona nokuthi yini ongayilindela ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-IMRT iyindlela yokwelapha ngemisebe esezingeni eliphezulu nenembile yomdlavuza.
- Inzuzo enkulu yalokhu ukuthi ihlasela amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngenkathi inciphisa umonakalo ezicutshini eziphilile ezizungezile.
- Ngaphambi kokuba ukwelashwa kuqale, kudingeka ukuskena nokuhlela ngokucophelela yithimba lochwepheshe.
- Akukho buhlungu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
- Uma unemibuzo, ukukhathazeka, noma ukwesaba mayelana nokwelashwa, khuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ngakho.
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