Akukho okuhle ukwedlula ukuphupha ngokuba ngumama noma ubaba. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukene, kungaba sekwephuzile kancane ukufeza lelo phupho. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngobuchwepheshe obungaletha ithemba elisha kulabo kini abakhathele ukungabi namntwana futhi asebethole ukwelashwa okuhlukahlukene. Lobo ubuchwepheshe be-IVF, noma ubuchwepheshe bokuvundisa nge-in vitro abantu abaningi abakhuluma ngabo. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, ake sixoxe ngakho isinyathelo ngesinyathelo, kalula kakhulu.
Kalula nje, iyini i-IVF?
Incazelo ephelele ye-IVF ithi In Vitro Fertilization . Lapha, elithi 'In Vitro' lisho "engilazini". Okusho ukuthi, sibiza i-IVF ngokuthi inqubo yokuvundisa iqanda elivela kumama kanye nesidoda esivela kuyise ngaphandle komzimba, elebhu.
Cabanga nje, ngokuvamile umntwana ukhulelwa ngokuhlangana kweqanda nesidoda emzimbeni kamama. Kodwa uma ngesizathu esithile le nqubo ingenzeki kahle emzimbeni, odokotela benza le nqubo ngaphandle komzimba, okungukuthi, elabhorethri, besebenzisa imishini ekhethekile.
Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, umbungu udluliselwa emuva esibelethweni sikamama. Uma umbungu ufakwa odongeni lwesibeletho, ukukhulelwa okuphumelelayo kungenzeka. Lona umqondo oyisisekelo wokwelashwa nge-IVF.
Ubani odinga ukwelashwa nge-IVF?
I-IVF akuyona into engenziwa yinoma ubani ongenabantwana. Odokotela basebenzisa yona kuphela uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zehlulekile noma uma kunezimo ezithile zempilo. Ake sibheke izimo lapho ukwelashwa nge-IVF kungaba okufanele khona.
| Isizathu | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuvaleka noma ukulimala kwamapayipi e-Fallopian | Uma amapayipi athwala iqanda esuka esibelethweni eya esibelethweni evalekile, isidoda asikwazi ukufinyelela eqandeni. Lokhu akuyona inkinga ngoba la mapayipi ayadlulwa ku-IVF. |
| Isimo se-Endometriosis | Ukukhula kwezicubu okufanele zibe ngaphakathi kwesibeletho ngaphandle kwesibeletho kungalimaza izitho zomzimba ezifana nama-ovari nama-fallopian tubes. Lokhu kuyimbangela enkulu yokungazali. |
| Izinkinga zesidoda | Uma unesibalo esincane sesidoda, ukungasebenzi kahle kokunyakaza, noma unezinkinga ngesimo sesidoda sakho, kunzima ukukhulelwa ngokwemvelo. |
| Izifo zesibeletho ezifana ne-PCOS | Izimo ezifana ne-Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) zingabangela ukuvuthwa okungajwayelekile. I-IVF ingasiza ngokulawula ukuvuthwa kwamaqanda. |
| Ukungazali Okungachazeki | Ngezinye izikhathi, noma ngabe zonke izivivinyo zivamile, umntwana akakhuli. Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-IVF iyindlela enhle. |
| Izifo zofuzo | Uma kunengozi yokudlulisela isifo sofuzo kusuka komunye umzali kuya enganeni, umbungu ungahlolwa ngaphambi kokuba ufakwe esibelethweni bese kukhethwa umbungu onempilo. |
| Ukukhula kweminyaka | Njengoba owesifazane ekhula, ikhwalithi yamaqanda akhe iyancipha, okunciphisa ikhono lakhe lokukhulelwa ngokwemvelo. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe be-IVF busetshenziswa nalapho kusetshenziswa umnikeli weqanda noma i-surrogate yokukhulelwa.
Inqubo yokwelashwa nge-IVF isebenza kanjani?
Lokhu akuyona into engaqedwa ngosuku olulodwa. Kuyinqubo ethatha cishe amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha futhi equkethe izinyathelo eziningana. Ake sixoxe ngayo ngayinye ngokucacile.
1. Ukukhuthazwa Kwesibeletho
Ngokuvamile, umzimba wakho ukhipha iqanda elilodwa elivuthiwe ngenyanga. Kodwa ku-IVF, iqanda elilodwa alanele. Ukuthola amaqanda amaningi amahle, avuthiwe ngangokunokwenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa kwandisa izinga lempumelelo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzobe ujova ama-hormone amaningana nsuku zonke cishe izinsuku ezingu-8 kuya kwezingu-14.Kufanele uwuthole. Lo mjovo uvuselela ama-ovari akho, okwenza amaqanda amaningi avuthwe ngesikhathi esisodwa esikhundleni selinye.
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, udokotela wakho uzokuxilonga njalo.
- Ama-Ultrasound Scan: Lawa ma-scans alinganisa ubukhulu kanye nenani lama-follicle kuma-ovari. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi amaqanda avuthiwe kangakanani.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Amazinga ama-hormone ayahlolwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi umthamo wemithi udinga ukukhushulwa noma ukwehla.
Uma amaqanda esevuthiwe ngokuphelele, kunikezwa umjovo wokugcina. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Trigger Shot." Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kuqedwe ukuvuthwa kokugcina kwamaqanda futhi kulungiselelwe ukukhululwa esibelethweni. Ngemva kwamahora angu-36 nje kuphela lo mjovo, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubuyisa iqanda.
2. Ukutholwa Kwamaqanda
Lokhu kufana nokuhlinzwa okuncane. Kodwa akukho okufanele ukwesabe kakhulu ngakho. Kwenziwa ngaphansi komuthi wokudambisa umzimba omncane, ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu.
Udokotela ufaka inalithi encane kakhulu esibelethweni ngokusebenzisa isitho sangasese sowesifazane ngosizo lomshini we-ultrasound. Ngemuva kwalokho, besebenzisa idivayisi yokumunca enamathiselwe enalithini, amaqanda avuthiwe asuswa ngokucophelela ngalinye ngalinye. Amaqanda aqoqwe ngale ndlela afakwa esitsheni esinoketshezi olukhethekile bese efakwa ku-incubator ekushiseni okudingekayo ukuze kukhule umbungu.
3. Ukuvundisa
Ngosuku olufanayo lokuthathwa kweqanda, kuqoqwa isampula yesidoda kumlingani wakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, isazi se-embryologist elabhorethri sihlanganisa amaqanda avuthiwe atholiwe nesidoda bese siwavumela ukuthi avundiswe.
Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziswa indlela ebizwa ngokuthi i-ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) kulokhu. Okwenziwa lapha ukukhetha isidoda esingcono kakhulu bese usifaka ngqo eqandeni ngenaliti encane kakhulu. Lokhu kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okukhulelwa.
Ngokuvamile, cishe ama-70% amaqanda avuthiwe athathwe avundiswa ngempumelelo. Isibonelo, uma amaqanda ayi-10 ethathwa, cishe ayi-7 angakhula abe ama-embryo.
4. Ukuthuthukiswa kombungu
Ngemva kokukhulelwa, la ma-embryo aqashelwa ngokucophelela elabhorethri cishe izinsuku ezi-5 kuya kwezi-6. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, amaseli e-embryo ayahlukana futhi akhule. Akuwona wonke ama-embryo akhula kuze kube yilesi sigaba. Ngokuvamile, cishe ama-50% kuphela ama-embryo avundisiwe afinyelela esigabeni se -blastocyst , esifaneleka ukufakwa esibelethweni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma kudalwa ama-embryo angu-7, ama-3 noma ama-4 kuphela azokhula kahle.
5. Ukudluliselwa Kwesibungu
Lesi yisinyathelo sokugcina nesibaluleke kakhulu enqubweni ye-IVF. Akubuhlungu. Kuyinqubo elula, njengokuhlolwa kwe-Pap.
Udokotela ufaka ithubhu elincane kakhulu (i-catheter) ngesibeletho ayise esibelethweni bese edlulisela umbungu noma ama-embryo angcono kakhulu akhethwe kusengaphambili esibelethweni. Lokhu kuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kweyi-10.
Okubalulekile: Ngokuvamile kudluliselwa umbungu owodwa noma ubuningi bemibungu emibili. Uma kudluliselwa imibungu eminingi, ingozi yokuba namawele noma amawele amathathu iyanda. Noma yimiphi imibungu esele esesimweni esihle ingaqandiswa ukuze isetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo.
Khona-ke okusele nje ukulinda ngesineke. Uma umbungu ofakwe unamathele ngempumelelo odongeni lwesibeletho (ukufakelwa), kuzokhulelwa. Ukuqinisekisa lokhu, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-9 kuya kwezingu-14.
Yiziphi izingozi nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa nge-IVF?
I-IVF ngokuvamile iyindlela yokwelapha ephephile. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezithile nemiphumela emibi engaba khona. Kubalulekile ukuzazi.
| Ingozi/imiphumela emibi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuzalwa Okuningi | Uma kudluliselwa umbungu ongaphezu kowodwa, amathuba okuba namawele ayanda. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezifana nokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. |
| I-Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) | Isimo esingavamile esibangelwa ama-hormone anikezwa ukuvuselela ama-ovari. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukuqunjelwa, isicanucanu, kanye nobuhlungu besisu. Uma kukhulu, kungadingeka ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela. |
| Ukuphuphuma kwesisu | Kukhona ingozi yokuphuphuma kwesisu kokubili ngokukhulelwa kwemvelo kanye ne-IVF. Lokhu kunganda ngokuguga. |
| Ukukhulelwa Kwesibeletho | Ukufakelwa kwe-embryo ngaphandle kwesibeletho, ngokuvamile kuyipayipi le-fallopian. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi. |
| Imiphumela emibi evamile | Umjovo ungabangela isicanucanu, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ubuthakathaka, ubuhlungu besisu obuncane, ubuhlungu bebele, kanye nokushaqeka endaweni yomjovo. Lokhu ngokuvamile akukubi kangako. |
Le nqubo yokwelashwa ingaba yinto ekhathazayo kakhulu, ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo . Imizwa efana nethemba, ukudabuka, nokucindezeleka ingavame ukuvela. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma kakhulu nomlingani wakho phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukuthola ukwesekwa kwabathandekayo, nokufuna iseluleko uma kudingeka.
Ukwelashwa nge-IVF kuphumelele kangakanani?
Lona ngumbuzo omkhulu kunayo yonke engqondweni yawo wonke umuntu. Izinga lempumelelo ye-IVF liyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Isici esiyinhloko esithinta lokhu ubudala bowesifazane .
- Izinga lempumelelo liphezulu kwabesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala (ngokuvamile cishe ngo-40% - 50%).
- Leli phesenti liyancipha kancane kancane phakathi kweminyaka engama-35 nengama-40 .
- Ngemva kweminyaka engama-40, izinga lempumelelo liyancipha kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kobudala, izici ezifana nembangela yokungazali, indlela yokuphila (ukubhema, isisindo), inani lokukhulelwa kwangaphambilini, kanye nekhwalithi yekliniki yokwelashwa nakho kuthinta impumelelo.
Ungakhathazeki uma umjikelezo owodwa we-IVF wehluleka. Abantu abaningi kufanele bazame imijikelezo eminingana ukuze bathole umphumela ophumelelayo.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele ngaphambi nangemva kokwelashwa
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa nge-IVF, wena nomlingani wakho kuzodingeka nihlolwe kaningana. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic, kanye nokuhlolwa kwesidoda. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela nokuthi uqale ukuthatha amavithamini, njenge-folic acid.
Ngemva kokwelashwa, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokudluliselwa kombungu, kungcono ukugwema imisebenzi enzima nokuthwala izinto ezisindayo. Kodwa akudingeki ukuthi uhlale embhedeni ngokuphelele. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-IVF iyindlela yokwelapha lapho umbungu owadalwa ngokuhlanganisa iqanda nesidoda ngaphandle komzimba ufakwa esibelethweni.
- Lokhu akuyona into eyenziwa yiwo wonke umuntu. Kungcono kakhulu kulabo abanezizathu ezithile, njengemibhobho ye-fallopian evalekile noma izinkinga zesidoda.
- Isici esiyinhloko esithinta impumelelo iminyaka yowesifazane . Uma owesifazane esemncane, amathuba okuphumelela maningi.
- Le nqubo ingaba nzima ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, ngakho-ke nakekela impilo yakho yengqondo kahle.
- Ungalilahli ithemba uma ungaphumeleli ekuzameni kwakho kokuqala. Abantu abaningi kufanele bazame izikhathi eziningana.
- Uma unemibuzo ngalokhu, zizwe ukhululekile ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho .
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