Wake waphawula ukuthi imithambo entanyeni yakho ivuvukala lapho othile ememeza ngentukuthelo noma ephakamisa into esindayo? Leyo mithambo evelele yimithambo ye-jugular esikhuluma ngayo namuhla. Lena akuyona nje imithambo yegazi. Iyisimiso esibaluleke kakhulu semithambo yegazi egijima kusukela ekhanda lakho iye esifubeni sakho, ikakhulukazi leyo ebalulekile empilweni yobuchopho bakho. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngendlela elula, njengokukhuluma nomngane, akunjalo?
Kungani imithambo ye-jugular ibaluleke kangaka?
Cabanga nje, ukube imizimba yethu ibiyidolobha elikhulu, ubuchopho ngabe buyisikhungo sokulawula esiyinhloko salowo muzi. Lesi sikhungo sokulawula sidinga amandla amaningi, okungukuthi, ukutholakala kwegazi elinomoya-mpilo omningi, ukuze sisebenze ngokuqhubekayo. Into emangalisayo ukuthi, yize kuyingxenye encane nje yesisindo somzimba wethu wonke, u-15% kuya ku-20% wegazi elimpontshwa yinhliziyo liya ebuchosheni . Kufana nokuthi imoto encane idinga uphethiloli weloli elikhulu.
Ngakho-ke, ngemva kokuletha lo moya ebuchosheni nakwezinye izingxenye zekhanda (ubuso, izindlebe, ugebhezi), sekuyisikhathi sokubuyisela lelo gazi "elisetshenzisiwe" enhliziyweni. Lowo msebenzi obalulekile wenziwa yimithambo yethu ye-jugular. Lokhu kufana nemigwaqo emikhulu ephuma edolobheni elikhulu. Uma le migwaqo ivinjiwe, idolobha lizoba sesiphithiphithini, futhi uma ukugeleza kwegazi ngemithambo ye-jugular kuphazamiseka, kungavela izinkinga ezinkulu ekusebenzeni kobuchopho bethu.
Kalula nje, umthambo we-jugular ufana nohlelo oluyinhloko lokukhipha amanzi oluthwala igazi elingcolile (igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo) lisuka ekhanda liye enhliziyweni. Ukusebenza kahle kwalolu hlelo kubalulekile empilweni yobuchopho.
Zikuphi lezi mithambo ye-jugular? Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo zazo?
Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zemithambo ye-jugular. Cabanga ngayo njengemizila emithathu emgwaqweni. Uhlobo ngalunye luhlangothini ngalunye lwentamo. Lokho kusho ukuthi sinemithambo ye-jugular eyisithupha iyonke.
Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda, ake sihlukanise le ncazelo ibe amathebula amancane.
| Uhlobo lwemithambo | Indawo kanye nomsebenzi nje |
|---|---|
| Imithambo Yangaphandle Ye-Jugular | Lezi yimithambo esikhulume ngayo, ngaphansi nje kwesikhumba sentamo, ebonakala ngaphandle. Iqoqa igazi ngaphandle kwekhanda, njengobuso kanye nemisipha yangaphandle yentamo. |
| Imithambo Yangaphakathi Ye-Jugular | Lezi yimithambo emikhulu nebaluleke kakhulu ye-jugular. Zitholakala ngaphansi kwemisipha yentamo, ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Zithwala igazi eliningi elivela ebuchosheni. Umthambo ongakwesokudla mkhulu kancane kunowongakwesobunxele. Yingakho odokotela ngezinye izikhathi besebenzisa lo mthambo ukufaka ama-cannula amakhulu e-saline (imigqa ye-IV). |
| Imithambo Ye-Anterior Jugular | Lezi yimithambo emincane kakhulu kwezintathu. Zitholakala ngaphambili kwentamo, kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zepharynx. |
Ngemva kokuba le mithambo yehle isuka entanyeni, ihlangana nomunye umthambo omkhulu ngaphansi kwehlombe. Ekugcineni, yonke ihlangana ndawonye ukuze yakhe umthambo omkhulu kunayo yonke engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba wethu, i-Superior Vena Cava . Lowo mthambo omkhulu yiwona oqoqa lonke igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo ekhanda, ezingalweni nasesifubeni esingaphezulu bese uliyisa ngqo enhliziyweni.
Yiziphi izifo ezithinta le mithambo yegazi?
Zimbalwa izifo ezithinta ngqo imithambo ye-jugular. Kodwa-ke, le mithambo ingathinteka ngezinye izimo zezokwelapha noma ukwelashwa.
- I-Aneurysm: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho udonga lwemithambo yegazi luba buthakathaka futhi luqhuma njengebhaluni. Uma lokhu kuqhuma ngokuzumayo, kungabangela ukopha okukhulu futhi kube yingozi ngisho nokuphila.
- Isifo Sikashukela: Nakuba isifo sikashukela singayithinti ngqo le mithambo, i-cannula ifakwa emthanjeni wangaphakathi we-jugular entanyeni, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanenkinga yezinso futhi abasebenzisa i-dialysis.
- I-Stenosis: Lokhu kuwukuncishiswa noma ukuncishiswa komthambo wegazi. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezibazi ezibangelwa izingozi, izifo, noma ukuhlinzwa.
- I-Thrombosis: Kalula nje, kwakheka ihlule legazi bese libhajwa emthanjeni. Uma ihlule likhulu, lingavimba ngokuphelele ukuhamba kwegazi. Lolu hlobo lwehlule lungenzeka ngemva kokutheleleka komphimbo noma entanyeni. Lokhu kuyingozi ngoba ukutheleleka kungasakazekela egazini futhi kubangele isimo esibi, esisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi i-sepsis .
Yiziphi izimpawu zenkinga yemithambo ye-jugular?
Uma kunenkinga ngemithambo entanyeni, izimpawu ezihambisana nayo zingavela entanyeni, ekhanda, emehlweni nasezindlebeni. Ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukusabalala | Uma umfutho wegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi ukhuphuka, imithambo entanyeni iyavuvukala. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwesifo senhliziyo esibi, njengokwehluleka kwenhliziyo. |
| Izinkinga zendlebe | Ukugeleza kwegazi okuphazamisekile kungabangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu ezindlebeni, okubangela isiyezi, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, noma umsindo oqhubekayo ezindlebeni obizwa ngokuthi i-tinnitus . Abanye abantu bangezwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo yabo "kukhala" ezindlebeni zabo. |
| Izinkinga zamehlo | Ukubona okufiphele, ukubona okubili, noma ukuvuvukala kwamehlo kungase kwenzeke. Lokhu futhi kungumphumela wokucindezela okukhulu ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. |
| Ubuhlungu | Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu noma ukuqina kwentamo, noma ikhanda elibuhlungu njalo. |
| Izinkinga zokulala | Uma kukhona ushintsho ekugelezeni kwegazi ebuchosheni, kungathinta nokulala kwakho. |
Udokotela uzihlola kanjani lezi mithambo yegazi?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, udokotela uzosebenzisa izindlela eziningana ukuhlola impilo yale mithambo yegazi.
1. Ukuhlolwa Komzimba: Kulokhu, udokotela uzokuhlalisa esihlalweni nge-engela ethile bese ehlola noma yikuphi ukuvuvukala emithanjeni entanyeni yakho kanye nanoma yiziphi izinguquko ekucindezelekeni. Ungase ucelwe ukuba uphendule ikhanda lakho kusukela kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye, uphefumule, bese ukhipha umoya.
2. I -Vascular Ultrasound:Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwengane nge-ultrasound. Kusebenzisa amaza omsindo avame kakhulu ukubheka indlela igazi eligeleza ngayo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi nokubona ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka.
3. I-CT Scan kanye ne-Angiography: I-CT scan ithatha isithombe esinezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D) sangaphakathi lomzimba. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuskena kwenziwa ngemva kokufaka uketshezi olukhethekile (umehluko) emithanjeni yegazi. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ngokucacile izindawo lapho igazi lingagelezi khona.
4. I-MRI scan: Lokhu kusebenzisa amandla kazibuthe anamandla kakhulu ukuthatha izithombe ezicacile nezinemininingwane zangaphakathi lomzimba. Lokhu kusiza ukuhlukanisa ngokucacile phakathi kwemisipha, imithambo yegazi kanye nemizwa.
Izindlela zokwelapha nokuthi ungahlala kanjani uphilile?
Ukwelashwa kwemithambo ye-jugular kuyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo.
- Ama-antibiotic: Lawa anikezwa uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka.
- Izinto Zokunciphisa Igazi: Uma sekuvele amahlule egazi, lawa anikezwa ukuze ancibilikiswe futhi kuvinjelwe amasha ukuthi akheke.
- Ukufakwa komugqa we-IV: Kweminye imithi, ikakhulukazi imithi yesikhathi eside, ama-cannula akhethekile, njengemigqa ye-PICC , afakwa ngale mithambo.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Uma umthambo uncishisiwe noma wonakele, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa. Ngokumangalisayo, ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass ukuze kugwenywe umthambo ovinjiwe enhliziyweni, kusetshenziswa ingxenye yomthambo we-jugular ophilile. Ngisho noma umthambo owodwa we-jugular ususiwe, eminye imithambo isasebenza.
Ngakho-ke, singayigcina kanjani le mithambo ebalulekile iphilile?
Asikho isidingo sokwenza noma yini ekhethekile ngalokhu. Imikhuba yethu evamile yezempilo iyona ebalulekile.
- Nakekela inhliziyo yakho: Noma yisiphi isifo esithinta inhliziyo singathinta nemithambo yegazi emikhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, ukudla ukudla okunempilo, nokuhlala usebenza .
- Nakekela intamo yakho: Imithambo ye-jugular, ikakhulukazi leyo engaphandle, isengozini enkulu. Gqoka izingubo zokuphepha ezifanele uma udlala imidlalo (ikakhulukazi i-ice hockey) futhi usebenza ngemishini.
- Lalela umzimba wakho: Uma uqala ukuzwa ubuhlungu entanyeni, ukuvuvukala, noma yiziphi izimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla emehlweni noma ezindlebeni zakho, ungakuzibi. Bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha , ikakhulukazi uma ziphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.
- Yigcine ihlanzekile: Uma une-IV line noma i-port efakwe emthanjeni wakho we-jugular, gcina indawo ezungezile ihlanzekile njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
Imithambo ye-jugular iyiziqhawe ezithule zesimiso sethu sokujikeleza kwegazi. Nakuba singase singaqapheli ukubaluleka kwayo, idlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni impilo yobuchopho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imithambo ye-jugular ifana nemigwaqo emikhulu ethwala igazi lisuka ekhanda nasebuchosheni liye enhliziyweni.
- Ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yentamo ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwesifo senhliziyo esibi, ngakho-ke uma ulubona njalo, funa iseluleko sikadokotela.
- Ukuvikela intamo ezingozini kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yale mithambo.
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu entanyeni, ikhanda elibuhlungu, umbono ofiphele, noma ukukhala okungavamile ezindlebeni zakho, ungakushayi indiva. Lokhu kungabangelwa inkinga yezinzwa zakho.
- Ukugcina impilo enhle yenhliziyo kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokugcina lonke uhlelo lwakho lokujikeleza kwegazi, okuhlanganisa nomthambo we-jugular, luphilile.
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