Ingabe ama-ketone akho aphezulu? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula!

Wake wezwa ngegama elithi 'Ketones'? Uma unesifo sikashukela, kungenzeka ukuthi ujwayelene naleli gama. Noma kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngokudla 'kweKeto'. Ayini ngempela ama-ketone? Ingabe alungile noma amabi emizimbeni yethu? Kwenzekani uma ekhula? Ake sixoxe ngakho konke lokhu kalula nangokucacile.

Kalula nje, ayini ama-ketone?

Cabanga ngomzimba wakho njengemoto. Uphethiloli oyinhloko wale moto ukusebenza yi-glucose. Lolu hlobo lukashukela olubizwa ngokuthi i-glucose luvela kakhulu ekudleni esikudlayo okuqukethe ama-carbohydrate (isib. ilayisi, isinkwa, amazambane).

Manje cabanga ngakho, kuzokwenzekani uma ngesizathu esithile umzimba ungakwazi ukusebenzisa lo mafutha kashukela noma uma unganele? Ingabe imoto izoma? Cha. Umzimba wethu uhlakaniphe kakhulu. Ngaleso sikhathi, umzimba uqala ukushisa amafutha agciniwe ukuze ukhiqize amandla. Njengemoto egijima ethangini eligciniwe lapho iphelelwa uphethiloli.

Lawa ma-ketone akhishwa egazini futhi ahamba emzimbeni wonke ukuze anikeze amaseli amandla. Ama-ketone asele abe esekhishwa emchameni.

Eqinisweni, kuyinto evamile futhi enempilo ukuba nama-ketone athile egazini lethu, njengoba kuyinqubo evamile ukuthi umzimba wethu usebenzise lo mthombo wamandla oyisipele uma kudingeka.

Kodwa inkinga iqala lapho la mazinga e-ketone eba phezulu kakhulu ngaphandle kokulawulwa. Bese igazi lethu liba ne-asidi kakhulu futhi libe yingozi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-ketoacidosis. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.

Amazinga e-ketone avame ukwanda nini?

Inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-ketone ibizwa ngokuthi i-ketosis. Lesi akusona isimo esiyingozi, kuyinto evamile. Isibonelo, amazinga e-ketone emzimbeni wakho angakhuphuka kancane ngokwemvelo ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Uma ulele: Ngoba awukadli amahora amaningi.
• Uma uzila ukudla: Umzimba ushisa amafutha ngoba awudli.
• Uma uzivocavoca: Ngoba kudingeka amandla engeziwe.
• Uma wenza ukudla kwe-Keto: Lokhu kudla kuhilela ukunciphisa ama-carbohydrate nokwandisa ukudla okunamafutha, ukuze umzimba ufunde ukushisa amafutha cishe ngenkani.

Ama-ketone ayingozi kubani? Isifo sikashukela nama-ketone

Uma kukhulunywa ngama-ketone, abantu abanesifo sikashukela, ikakhulukazi labo abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kufanele bakhathazeke kakhulu ngawo.

Isizathu yilokhu. Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-insulin isiza amangqamuzana omzimba wethu ukuthi athathe i-glucose (ushukela) futhi ayisebenzisele amandla. Umuntu onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 akakhiqizi le hormone.

Ngakho-ke, kwenzekani uma ulahlekelwa yi-insulin?

1. Ushukela osegazini awukwazi ukungena emaselini futhi uqongeleleke egazini. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi izinga likashukela egazini libe phezulu kakhulu (`i-Hyperglycemia`).

2. Ngenxa yokuthi amangqamuzana awanawo amandla, umzimba ucabanga ukuthi "uyalamba."

3. Yakha amandla, futhi umzimba wakho uzoqala ukushisa amafutha ngokushesha.

4. Ngenxa yalokho, kwakheka inani elikhulu kakhulu lama-ketone ngesikhathi esisodwa bese liqongelela egazini.

5. Leli zinga eliphezulu lama-ketone libangela ukuthi igazi libe ne-asidi, okuholela esimweni esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) .

Nakuba lesi simo sivame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, singase senzeke nakwezinye izimo nakubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abaphuza ngokweqile nabo basengozini yokuthola isimo esifanayo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-alcoholic ketoacidosis'.

Yiziphi izimpawu zokwanda kwamazinga e-ketone? (Izimpawu ze-DKA)

Uma unesifo sikashukela futhi uhlangabezana nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze (i-ETU). I-DKA ingaba yingozi kakhulu ngokushesha, zingakapheli amahora angama-24 noma ngaphansi.

Ungawahlola kanjani amazinga e-ketone?

Uma usengozini yokuthola i-DKA, udokotela wakho angase akuncomele ikhithi yokuhlola i-ketone. Ungayithola ekhemisi. Kubalulekile ukuba nalezi zinto ekhaya.

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Kunezikhithi ongazenza ekhaya. Njengokuhlola ushukela wegazi lakho, uhlaba umunwe wakho ngethonsi elincane legazi bese ulibeka emgqeni wokuhlola bese ulifunda kumitha. Lokhu kukunikeza ukufundwa okunembile kwamazinga akho e-ketone ngaleso sikhathi. Amanye ama-glucometer angahlola nama-ketone.
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Lokhu kuhilela ukucwilisa umucu wokuhlola emchameni wakho nokubuka ukushintsha kombala. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kukutshela kuphela ukuthi amazinga akho e-ketone ayengakanani emahoreni ambalwa edlule, hhayi ukuthi ayini okwamanje.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Breathalyzer: Lokhu kusewubuchwepheshe obusha. Azithembekile kumuntu osengozini yokuthola i-DKA. Ngakho-ke, akufanele zisetshenziswe ukukala ama-ketone.

Kufanele kuhlolwe nini amazinga e-ketone?

Uma unesifo sikashukela, udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ngalokhu. Ngokuvamile bakutshela ukuthi uhlole ama-ketone akho ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Uma unezimpawu ze-DKA.
• Uma ugula ngenxa yomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, noma ube nengozi.
• Uma uphuthelwe umjovo owodwa noma ngaphezulu we-insulin.
• Uma izinga likashukela egazini lakho liphakeme kune-240 mg/dl.
• Uma ukhulelwe (ukulawula amazinga e-insulin ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaba yinselele).

Ungawelapha kanjani amazinga aphezulu e-ketone egazini?

Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni amazinga akho e-ketone aphakeme kangakanani.

Izinto ongazenza ekhaya (kuphela ngeseluleko sezokwelapha)

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza iseluleko sokuthi ungawaphatha kanjani amazinga akho ekhaya ngaphambi kokuba abe phezulu ngendlela eyingozi. Lawa macebiso angafaka:

• Inani le-insulin okufanele lithathwe.
• Inani lamanzi nokudla okuphuzayo.
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kufanelekile yini ukuzivocavoca noma cha.
• Kufanele uhlole kangaki amazinga akho kashukela kanye ne-ketone?

Ukwelashwa esibhedlela

Uma amazinga e-ketone ephezulu kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Yilapho ukwelashwa ngokuyinhloko kuba yi-intravenous saline (IV fluids) bese kunikezwa i-insulin ukuze kuncishiswe i-asidi egazini futhi kubuyiselwe amazinga e-ketone kanye namazinga kashukela abe ngokwejwayelekile.

Ungayivimbela kanjani i-DKA nokugcina amazinga e-ketone ephephile?

Uma usengozini yokuthola i-DKA, ukuvimbela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu. Sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze wenze lokhu.

• Gcina isimiso esifanele: Landela uhlelo lokudla lukadokotela wakho kanye nesimiso se-insulin ngqo. Lokhu kuzosiza ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho futhi kunciphise ingozi yokuthola ama-ketone.
• Qaphela amazinga akho: Yazi ukuthi amazinga akho ajwayelekile e-ketone ayini, ukuthi uwahlole nini, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma amazinga akho ephezulu.
• Lungela: Gcina ama-ketone test kit ekhaya. Khuluma nodokotela wakho bese usungula uhlelo ozolulandela uma amazinga akho e-ketone enyuka. Yazi kahle ukuthi yiliphi izinga okufanele ukhulume ngalo nodokotela wakho nokuthi yiliphi izinga okufanele uye kulo ku-ETU.

Esikhathini esiningi, ama-ketone awusizo oluthule emizimbeni yethu. Kodwa uma unesifo sikashukela, ukuzazi nokulawula ubungozi bakho kungasiza ekusindiseni impilo yakho.