Ake sixoxe ngamatshe ezinso ngamagama alula.

Wake waba nobuhlungu obungabekezeleleki emhlane noma ohlangothini lwesisu sakho? Ngezinye izikhathi lobu buhlungu bungazwakala sengathi buya embotsheni yakho. Kanye nalokhu, ungase uzizwe unesicanucanu futhi ungase udlule negazi emchameni wakho. Uma kwenzeka into efana nale, sivame ukwesaba. Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zalokhu kungaba ukwakheka kwamatshe ezinso. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngendlela elula ukuze uqonde ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani, yiziphi izimpawu, ukuthi ungakwelapha kanjani, nokuthi ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuthi kuphinde kwenzeke.

Ayini la matshe ezinso?

Kalula nje, amatshe ezinso ayizicucu eziqinile, ezifana namatshe ezakha ngaphakathi kwezinso zethu. Akhiwa lapho amaminerali nama-asidi emchameni wethu ehlangana futhi eqina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuze kube sobala, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `(Renal Calculi)` noma `(Nephrolithiasis)` ngokwezokwelapha.

Cabanga ngakho, la matshe angaba mancane njengesihlabathi, noma ezimweni ezingavamile, angaba makhulu njengebhola legalofu. Ungase ungazi nokuthi unetshe lezinso. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma itshe lincane kakhulu , lingaphuma emzimbeni ngomchamo ngaphandle kobuhlungu .

Kodwa inkinga iqala lapho leli tshe likhula kancane. Bese lingabambeka ku-ureter, ipayipi elincane elithwala umchamo lisuka ezinso liye esinyeni. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, umchamo awukwazi ukugeleza phansi bese uqala ukugcwala ngaphakathi kwezinso. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi ukusebenza kwezinso kuphazamiseke futhi kuholele ekuphumeni kwegazi. Lesi yisona sizathu salobo buhlungu obungabekezeleleki.

Ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe amasonto amathathu ukuthi itshe elincane lidlule emchameni. Kodwa ngisho namatshe amancane ngezinye izikhathi angabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu. Uma itshe likhulu noma lingadluli lodwa, udokotela kungadingeka aliqhekeze noma alisuse ngokuhlinzwa.

Ziyini izimpawu zamatshe ezinso?

Uphawu oluyinhloko noluvame kakhulu lwamatshe ezinso ubuhlungu. Lobuhlungu bungazwakala emhlane ongezansi, esiswini, noma embotsheni. Kungase kuzwakale sengathi kuya embotsheni. Ngezinye izikhathi kuba ubuhlungu obuncane , kodwa futhi kungaba ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obukhulu, obuhlabayo. Kubizwa nangokuthi "ubuhlungu be-colicky" ngoba ubuhlungu buyafika buhambe ngamagagasi.

Ngaphezu kwalolu buhlungu obukhulu, kungase kube nezinye izimpawu eziningana. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.

Kungani sithola amatshe ezinso?

Lokhu kulula kakhulu ukukuqonda. Cabanga nje ukuthi sifaka ushukela engilazini yamanzi bese siwuncibilikisa. Uma sifaka ushukela owengeziwe, kanye noshukela owengeziwe, ekugcineni ushukela ngeke uncibilike futhi uzohlala phansi engilazini, akunjalo? Yilokho okwenzeka ngaphakathi kwezinso zethu.

Umchamo wethu uqukethe izinto eziningi ezifana ne-calcium, i-sodium, i-oxalate, kanye ne-uric acid. Uma singaphuzi amanzi anele,, umchamo uba mkhulu. Bese ukugcwala kwalezi zinto kuyanda, ziyanamathelana, bese kuqala ukwakheka amakristalu amancane. La makristalu aqoqana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi abe amatshe. Le nqubo ingathatha izinyanga, ngisho neminyaka.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamatshe ezinso.

Amatshe angahlukaniswa abe izinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwamakristalu awakhayo.

1. Amatshe e-calcium: Lawa uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili: `(Calcium-oxalate)` kanye `(Calcium phosphate)`. Ukungaphuzi amanzi anele, ukudla ukudla okune-oxalate eningi (njengesipinashi, amantongomane), kanye nokudla ukudla okune-calcium eningi kungabangela ukuthi kwakheke.

2. Amatshe e-uric acid: Abantu abadla amaprotheni amaningi ezilwane, njengenyama yenkomo, inkukhu, ingulube, amaqanda, nenhlanzi, bangakha lolu hlobo lwamatshe.

3. Amatshe e-Struvite: Lawa akhiwa ngenxa yokutheleleka ngamagciwane emgudwini womchamo. Kumuntu onezifo ezivame ukwenzeka, lawa matshe angakheka futhi ngezinye izikhathi akhule abe amatshe amakhulu kakhulu abizwa ngokuthi ``Staghorn calculi`` asakazeka kuyo yonke inso. Lawa ngokuvamile kufanele asuswe ngokuhlinzwa.

4. Amatshe e-Cystine: Lawa awavamile. Abangelwa yisimo sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi i-"Cystinuria".

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola amatshe ezinso?

Abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthola amatshe ezinso kunabanye. Ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi lezo zinto eziyingozi.

• Ukungaphuzi amanzi anele: Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko.
• Ukudla: Ukudla inyama ngokweqile, ukudla okunosawoti omningi, kanye nokudla okunoshukela omningi (i-sucrose ne-fructose).
• Izithako ze-Vitamin C: Ukuthatha izithako ze-vitamin C eziningi kakhulu kungathinta nabanye abantu.
• Umlando womndeni: Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba namatshe ezinso, nawe unamathuba amaningi okuwathola.
• Ukuvaleka komgudu womchamo: Ukuba khona kokuvaleka okuthile emgudwini womchamo.
• Ukuhlinzwa okuthile: Ukuhlinzwa esiswini noma emathunjini, ikakhulukazi ukuze kwehliswe isisindo, njengokuhlinzwa kwesisu.
• Eminye imithi: Eminye imithi efana nemithi yokukhipha isisu kanye nemithi yokunciphisa i-asidi equkethe i-calcium.
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-gout, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, kanye nesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo (IBD) nazo ziyandisa ingozi.

Yiziphi ezinye izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yamatshe ezinso?

Amatshe ezinso awabuhlungu nje kuphela. Uma engelashwa kahle, angaholela kwezinye izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo.

• Ukuvuvukala kwezinso (i-Hydronephrosis):Itshe lingavimba umgudu womchamo, libangele ukuthi umchamo ugeleze emuva, futhi libangele ukuthi izinso zivuvuke.
• Ukutheleleka kwezinso (i-Pyelonephritis): Amabhaktheriya angakhula emchameni ovalekile futhi asakazekele ezinso.
• Ukulimala kwezinso okubukhali: Ukusebenza kwezinso kungayeka ukusebenza ngokuzumayo. Kodwa lokhu kungavame ukuguqulwa.
• Ukutheleleka okuvamile komgudu womchamo (UTIs) .
• Isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD): Ukulimala kwezinso isikhathi eside kungaholela ekulahlekelweni ukusebenza unomphela.

Udokotela ukuthola kanjani lokhu?

Uma uya kudokotela onezimpawu zakho, uzokuhlola bese eyalela ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unamatshe ezinso.

• Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Lokhu kuhlola igazi emchameni, izinhlobo zamatshe, kanye nezimpawu zokutheleleka.
• Ukuthwebula Izithombe: I-X-ray, i-ultrasound scan, noma i-CT scan ingasiza ekunqumeni usayizi, ukuma, indawo, kanye nenani lamatshe.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ekuhloleni ukuthi izinso zakho zisebenza kanjani kanye namazinga ezinto ezifana ne-calcium egazini lakho.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa kunqunywa ngobukhulu betshe, indawo elikuyo, kanye nezimpawu elizibangelayo.

Imithi

Uma itshe lincane, okusho ukuthi lingadlula ngokwemvelo nomchamo, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi yokusiza ukulawula ubuhlungu nokusiza itshe lidlule kalula.

• Imithi esiza ekudluliseni amatshe: Imithi efana ne-Tamsulosin ephumuza i-ureter futhi ivumele itshe ukuthi lidlule kalula.
• Iziqeda-zinhlungu: Njengoba ubuhlungu bukhulu, kunikezwa imithi yokulawula. Kodwa-ke, ungayithathi imithi efana ne-ibuprofen ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, ingalimaza izinso zakho.
• Imithi yokwelapha isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Ukuhlinzwa nezinye izindlela

Uma itshe likhulu, livimba i-urethra, noma lingadluli lodwa ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa, udokotela angase ancome inqubo ekhethekile yokuliphula noma ukulisusa.

Ingabe amatshe ezinso angavinjelwa ukuthi aphinde avele?

Yebo, kungenzeka nakanjani. Umuntu oke waba namatshe ezinso kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi aphinde abe nawo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza lezi zinto ukuze ugweme ukudlula kulesi simo esibuhlungu futhi.

• Phuza amanzi amaningi: Kubalulekile ukuphuza okungenani amalitha angu-2-3 amanzi ngosuku. Uma umchamo wakho uphuzi kancane noma ungenambala, kusho ukuthi uphuza amanzi anele.
• Nciphisa amaprotheni ezilwane: Nciphisa inani lenyama, inhlanzi namaqanda owadlayo.
• Nciphisa usawoti noshukela: Gwema ukudla okupakishwe emaphaketheni, ukudla okusheshayo, neziphuzo ezinoshukela ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Nciphisa ukudla okune-oxalate eningi: Uma usuthole amatshe e-calcium oxalate, udokotela wakho angase akucebise ukuthi unciphise ukudla okufana nesipinashi, amantongomane, kanye ne-wheat bran.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo.
• Yidla ukudla okucebile nge-calcium: Lokhu kungase kubonakale kumangalisa, kodwa ukudla ukudla okucebile nge-calcium, njengobisi, iyogathi, noshizi, kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukwakheka kwamatshe. Kodwa-ke, ukuthatha izithasiselo ze-calcium kungandisa ingozi yakho. Ngakho-ke, ungathathi izithasiselo ze-calcium ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma usola ukuthi unezimpawu zamatshe ezinso, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi itshe likuphi, likhulu kangakanani, bese uqala ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokuba kube nezinkinga.

Kufanele uye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)?

Amatshe ezinso angaba yinto ebuhlungu kakhulu. Kodwa khumbula, lesi yisimo sesikhashana esingalapheka ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okufanele. Ngakho-ke ungesabi. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo, thatha imithi yakho ngesikhathi, futhi uphuze amanzi amaningi.