Ingabe unamabala amhlophe emlonyeni wakho? Ake sixoxe nge-Leukoplakia.

Wake wazibuka esibukweni wabona ibala elimhlophe noma ibala emlonyeni wakho, mhlawumbe olimini lwakho, ngaphakathi kwezihlathi zakho, noma ezinsinini zakho? Ngokuvamile asizinaki kakhulu izinto ezinjalo. Kodwa-ke, uma unebala elimhlophe elingasuki ngisho nangemva kokulisula noma ukulibuka, kufanele sikhathazeke kancane. Ngoba lezi ngezinye izikhathi zingaba izimpawu zokuqala zesimo esibucayi. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-Leukoplakia kwisayensi yezokwelapha.

Kalula nje, iyini i-Leukoplakia?

I-Leukoplakia ibhekisela kumabala amhlophe noma amabala avela emlonyeni wakho. Lawa ngokuvamile awabuhlungu. Kodwa into enkulu ukuthi awukwazi ukuwasula kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzama kangakanani . Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka lapho okuthile kulimaza njalo, noma lokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'ukucasuka', izicubu ezithambile emlonyeni. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo ze-leukoplakia zingakhula zibe umdlavuza womlomo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, uma ubona indawo efana nale, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela ngayo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-leukoplakia?

I-Leukoplakia ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Kukhona umehluko ocacile phakathi kokubonakala kanye nengozi yomdlavuza phakathi kwalezi ezimbili. Ake sibheke lokhu ukuze kube lula ukukuqonda.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izinhlobo zalezi?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezengeziwe ezidinga ukuxoxwa ngazo ngokuningiliziwe.

I-leukoplakia ekhula ngokushesha (i-PVL) - uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu

Lolu uhlobo olubucayi kancane, olunengozi ephezulu. Ngokusho kwezinye izifundo, abantu abangaphezu kuka-60% abanalesi simo (i-PVL) bazogcina benomdlavuza womlomo. Lokhu kungase kuqale njengamabala amancane amhlophe ngaphakathi emlonyeni bese kusakazekela kwezinye izindawo, njengolimi, izinsini, kanye nangaphakathi kwezihlathi. Lawa mabala angakhula ngokushesha kakhulu futhi angakhula abe amaqhubu amancane ebusweni.

I-leukoplakia enoboya bomlomo - uhlobo olufana "nezinwele"

Njengoba igama lisho, la mabala abukeka njengezinwele ezimhlophe noma imiphetho enoboya. Avame ukutholakala ezinhlangothini zolimi. Kodwa into engcono kakhulu ngalolu hlobo ukuthi aluguquki lube umdlavuza . Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka kubantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka. Lesi simo singavela ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-`(HIV/AIDS)` kanye nalabo abangenwe yigciwane le-Epstein-Barr.

Ingabe wonke amabala amhlophe aphenduka umdlavuza womlomo?

Eqinisweni, abantu abangaphansi kuka-15% abane-leukoplakia bahlushwa umdlavuza womlomo. Kunezici eziningana ezithinta le ngozi. Isibonelo, indawo olimini noma phansi komlomo wakho inamathuba amaningi okuba nomdlavuza kunendawo ezinsinini. Uma unenye yalezi zindawo, udokotela wakho uzochaza kahle ukuthi iyini ingozi yakho.

Yiziphi izimbangela kanye nezici eziyingozi ze-leukoplakia?

Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukulimala okuqhubekayo kwezicubu ezingaphakathi komlomo. Cabanga nje, uma ugqoka isethi yamazinyo okufakelwa angalungiswanga kahle, ahlala ehlikihla ezinsinini noma esihlathini. Noma abanye abantu banomkhuba wokuhlafuna ngaphakathi kwezihlathi zabo. Izinto ezinjengalezi zingabangela i-leukoplakia.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinguquko ezithile ezakhiweni zofuzo ezifundisa amangqamuzana emzimbeni wethu zingabangela ukuba amangqamuzana emlonyeni ahlukane ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile, okudala amabala anjengalawa.

Kunezici eziningana eziyinhloko ezandisa ingozi yalesi simo:

• Ukubhema, ukudla ama-betel nut, nokuhlafuna ugwayi yizona zimbangela eziyinhloko.
• Ukuphuza utshwala njalo futhi ngokweqile.
• Izifo ezenza buthaka amasosha omzimba, njenge-HIV.

Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?

Uma uya kudokotela, into yokuqala azoyenza ukuhlola umlomo wakho ngokucophelela ukuze abone ukuthi unawo yini amabala amhlophe angajwayelekile. Bese bezama ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela lawo mabala. Isibonelo, uma usebenzisa amazinyo okufakelwa, bazohlola ukuthi angena kahle yini nokuthi adala umonakalo yini.

Kodwa-ke, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lokhu kungumdlavuza yini ukwenza i-biopsy. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu endaweni bese uyihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kutholakale uhlobo lwamaseli.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-leukoplakia ukususa ngokuphelele indawo. Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza lokhu.

• Imvukuzane isuswa nge-scalpel elula.
• Ukususa indawo usebenzisa i-laser .
• Ukususa i-mole kusetshenziswa imithi ekhanyisa ukukhanya (ukwelashwa nge-photodynamic) .
• I-Cryotherapy iyindlela yokubhubhisa amangqamuzana angajwayelekile ngokusebenzisa umkhuhlane omkhulu .
• Ukususa i-mole ngokuyishisa ngedivayisi efudumele kagesi (i-electrocauterization) .

Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu kuwe.

Ingabe lezi zingabuya ngemva kokwelashwa? Ngingazivimbela kanjani?

Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa nokususwa, kunethuba elincane lokuthi i-leukoplakia iphinde ivele, cishe ngo-15%. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokuhlolwa njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa. La mabala awapholi ngokwawo, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kubalulekile.

Ukuze sivimbele lokhu, sidinga ukugwema izinto eziyingozi.

• Gwema ngokuphelele zonke izinhlobo zikagwayi, okuhlanganisa ukubhema, ukuhlafuna ugwayi, kanye nokuhlafuna i-betel nut.
• Nciphisa ukuphuza kwakho utshwala. Ngokusho kwe-American Cancer Society, kunconywa ukuthi amadoda angaphuzi amayunithi amabili otshwala ngosuku kanti abesifazane bangaphuzi amayunithi elilodwa ngosuku.