Isibindi singesinye sezisebenzi ezithule kakhulu nezimatasa kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Senza umsebenzi omningi ngaphandle kokuthi siqaphele. Kusukela ekusizeni ekugayeni ukudla kuya ekususeni ubuthi emzimbeni, uhlu lwaso lwemisebenzi lude. Ngakho-ke ngezinye izikhathi sidinga ukuhlola ukuthi kukhona yini okungahambi kahle ngalesi sibindi esisebenza kanzima, ukuthi sikhathele yini, nokuthi senza umsebenzi waso kahle yini. Ngenhlanhla, singathola okuningi ngalokhu ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okulula. Namuhla sikhuluma 'ngeZivivinyo Zokusebenza Kwesibindi', ezaziwa yiwo wonke umuntu ngokuthi ama-LFT.
Kalula nje, kuyini lokhu kuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi (i-LFT)?
Kulula kakhulu. Ama-LFT awuchungechunge lwezivivinyo ezisebenzisa isampula encane yegazi ethathwe emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Alinganisa inani lezinto ezahlukahlukene (njengama-enzyme namaprotheni) ezikhiqizwa yisibindi sakho noma eziqongelela egazini lakho lapho isibindi sakho sonakele.
Cabanga nje uhambisa imoto yakho ukuze iyolungiswa. Umakhenika ulinganisa izinto ezifana namafutha enjini kanye ne-coolant ukuze athole umbono ngesimo senjini, akunjalo? Ngendlela efanayo, udokotela uhlola amazinga alezi zinto egazini lakho ukuze athole umbono obalulekile ngempilo nokusebenza kwesibindi sakho.
Kungani udokotela angakutshela ukuthi wenze le LFT?
Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho engase ancome lokhu kuhlolwa.
- Hlola ukuthi unesifo sesibindi esisolwayo: Uma unezimpawu ezibukeka njenge-jaundice, amehlo aphuzi, ubuhlungu ohlangothini lwesokudla lwesisu sakho, noma uzizwa ukhathele, ungase ucelwe ukuthi wenze lolu vivinyo ngoba usola i-hepatitis noma esinye isifo.
- Gada isifo sesibindi esivele sikhona: Uma usuvele unesifo sesibindi (isibonelo, i-cirrhosis), lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa njalo ukuze kubonakale ukuthi sinjani, ukuthi isifo siya siba sibi yini, noma ukuthi siyalawuleka yini.
- Bheka ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyaphumelela yini: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza futhi ekunqumeni ukuthi imithi enikezwa isifo sesibindi iyasebenza yini nokuthi isifo siyathuthuka yini.
- Qaphela imiphumela emibi yemithi oyithathayo: Eminye imithi, njengemithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol kanye nemithi yokubulala izinhlungu yesikhathi eside, ingathinta isibindi. Ngakho-ke, uma usebenzisa imithi enjalo, odokotela nabo benza le LFT ukuhlola ukuthi ikhona yini imiphumela esibindini.
Yiziphi izinto eziyinhloko ezibhekwayo ku-LFT?
Uma ubheka umbiko we-LFT, uzobona inqwaba yezinhlamvu nezinombolo zesiNgisi. Uma uqala ukubona, kungase kubonakale kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa ngayinye yalezi zinombolo ikutshela ngezici ezahlukene zomsebenzi wesibindi. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini lezi zinto ezibalulekile.
| Igama Lokuhlolwa | Kusho ukuthini lokhu? |
|---|---|
| Ama-enzyme esibindi I-ALT, i-AST, i-ALP, i-GGT | Lezi yizona ezaziwa kakhulu. Uma amangqamuzana esibindi onakele, elimele, noma evuvukele, la ma-enzyme akhishwa egazini. Ngakho-ke uma amazinga awo ephakeme egazini, kusho ukuthi isibindi singaphansi kokucindezeleka okuthile. |
| I-Total Protein kanye ne-Albumin | Isibindi senza amaprotheni amaningi adingwa yimizimba yethu. I-Albumin ingenye yamaprotheni abalulekile. Uma isibindi singasebenzi kahle, ukukhiqizwa kwale phrotheni kuyancipha. Lokhu kungabangela amazinga aphansi amaprotheni egazini. |
| I-Bilirubin | Lona umkhiqizo ophuzi odaka okwakheka lapho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ewohloka. Isibindi esinempilo sithatha le bilirubin, siyihlanganise ne-bile, bese siyisusa emzimbeni. Uma isibindi sinenkinga, lo msebenzi awusebenzi kahle. Ngemuva kwalokho i-bilirubin iqoqana egazini, okwenza amehlo nesikhumba kube phuzi. Siphinde sikubize ngokuthi 'i-yellow fever'. |
| Isikhathi se-Prothrombin (PT) | Isibindi senza namaprotheni akhethekile (izici zokugoba) asiza ukugoba kwegazi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-PT kulinganisa ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi igazi lakho ligobe. Uma isibindi sonakele, ukukhiqizwa kwala maprotheni kuyancipha. Lokhu kwandisa isikhathi esithathayo ukuze igazi ligobe. |
Ingabe lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kunzima ukukwenza?
Lutho neze. Lokhu kulula kakhulu futhi kungenziwa ngemizuzu embalwa.
Uma uya esibhedlela noma elabhorethri, umhlengikazi noma uchwepheshe uzothola umthambo engalweni yakho eduze kwendololwane yakho bese ehlanza indawo. Bese, besebenzisa inalithi encane, bazoqoqa inani elincane legazi balifake ebhodleleni. Ungase uzizwe umuzwa omncane wokuhlaba, kodwa uzophela ngokushesha. Ngemva kokukhishwa kwegazi, isampula ithunyelwa elabhorethri. Kungathatha amahora ambalwa noma usuku noma amabili ukuthi imiphumela ibuye.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi ngabe udinga ukuzila ukudla ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhlolwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uzile ukudla ngoba kwenziwa kanye nezinye izivivinyo.
Ungawaqonda kanjani amanani embikweni? (Ububanzi Obujwayelekile)
Uma uthola umbiko wakho, uzobona amaphuzu akho okuhlolwa ngakunye, kanye 'neNormal Range'. Kodwa kukhona into eyodwa ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule lapha.
Ungesabi noma unqume ukuthi unesifo uma ubona amanani kulo mbiko. Udokotela wakho kuphela ongakuqonda lokhu ngokunembile futhi afinyelele esiphethweni esifanelana nesimo sakho.
Ngoba ububanzi obujwayelekile bamanani bungahluka kancane kusuka elabhorethri kuya kwelebhu. Lawa manani angahluka futhi kuye ngezici ezifana nobudala nobulili.
Nazi ezinye zezinhlobo zamanani ezisetshenziswa kakhulu:
| Ukuhlolwa | Ibanga Elijwayelekile |
|---|---|
| I-Alanine transaminase (ALT) | 0 kuye ku-45 IU/L |
| I-Aspartate transaminase (AST) | 0 kuye ku-35 IU/L |
| I-alkaline phosphatase (ALP) | 30 kuya ku-120 IU/L |
| I-Bilirubin | Ama-micromoles angu-2 kuya kwangu-17/L |
| Isikhathi se-Prothrombin (PT) | Imizuzwana eyi-10.9 kuya kweyi-12.5 |
| I-Albumin | 40 kuya ku-60 g/L |
Kusho ukuthini amazinga aphezulu e-ALT kanye ne-AST?
Into yokuqala abantu abaningi abayinaka embikweni we-LFT amazinga amabili e-enzyme, i-ALT ne-AST. Uma lokhu kuphakeme, kubonisa ukuthi kukhona umonakalo othile kumaseli esibindi.
Kodwa-ke, odokotela babheka nesilinganiso salezi zilinganiso ezimbili. Isibonelo, uma inani le-AST liphakeme ngokuphindwe kabili kunenani le-ALT, livame ukukhombisa ukulimala kwesibindi ngenxa yokusebenzisa utshwala. Uma zombili lezi zilinganiso zifana, kungase kube ngenxa yesinye isizathu (isibonelo, ukutheleleka ngegciwane).
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo eziboniswa yi-LFT?
Lokhu kuyinto okudingeka siyiqonde. Ukuhlolwa kwe-LFT kuyisinyathelo sokuqala ohambweni lokuxilonga. Kufana nenkomba yokuqala etholwa umphenyi. Imiphumela yalolu vivinyo yodwa ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa isifo ngokuqinisekisiwe. Kodwa-ke, inikeza udokotela umhlahlandlela omuhle wokuthi inkinga ikuphi nokuthi yini okufanele ayenze ngokulandelayo.
Uma imiphumela ye-LFT ingajwayelekile, kungadingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, njengokuskena kwe-ultrasound, okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile, kanye nokuhlolwa kwesibindi.
Ezinye zezimo ezingaboniswa ukuhlolwa kwe-LFT yilezi:
- Isifo Sesibindi Esinamafutha
- Ukulimala kwesibindi ngenxa yobuthi (i-Toxic Hepatitis)
- I-hepatitis ebangelwa yigciwane (i-hepatitis A, B, noma C ebangelwa yigciwane)
- Amasosha omzimba ahlasela isibindi (i-Autoimmune Hepatitis)
- I-Cirrhosis - izibazi kanye nokushwabana kwesibindi
- Izinkinga zomgudu we-bile
- Umdlavuza Wesibindi
- Izifo ezidluliselwa ngofuzo njenge-hemochromatosis
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlolwa Kokusebenza Kwesibindi (i-LFT) kuyindlela yokuhlola igazi elula kakhulu nephephile enikeza ulwazi oluningi mayelana nempilo yesibindi sakho.
- Uma usuthole imiphumela yalolu vivinyo, ungasheshi ufinyelele eziphethweni ngokusekelwe kolwazi oluku-inthanethi. Lokho kuzodala ukwesaba okungadingekile.
- Udokotela wakho kuphela ongakunikeza incazelo enembile ngokuqhathanisa amanani embikweni wakho nezimpawu zakho kanye nolunye ulwazi lwezokwelapha.
- Akuzona zonke izikhathi lapho amanani e-LFT ephakeme, kusho ukuthi kukhona ukugula okungathí sina. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yimbangela elula, njengomuthi owuthathayo noma ukutheleleka kwesikhashana. Kodwa kubalulekile ukukuhlola.
- Isibindi siyisitho esibalulekile esisebenza buthule. Ngakho-ke, uma udokotela esincoma, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza isivivinyo esinjengalesi ukuze kuhlolwe impilo yesibindi.
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