Cabanga nje, unciphile kakhulu, uzivocavoca kahle, futhi uqaphela kakhulu ukuthi udlani futhi uphuzani. Uneminyaka engaba ngu-40 ubudala. Ubani ongacabanga ukuthi umuntu onjalo angaba nesifo senhliziyo? Akukholeki, akunjalo? Kodwa lokhu kuyinto yangempela. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo sempilo esingabonakali, kodwa esiyingozi kakhulu. Lokhu kuyinto abantu abaningi abangayazi, kodwa sonke okudingeka siyazi.
Iyini lesi sifo se-cholesterol esizuzwe njengefa? (Familial Hypercholesterolemia)
Kalula nje, lesi yisifo esibangelwa ufuzo. Okusho ukuthi, yinto esiyizuza njengefa kubazali bethu. Umuntu onalesi sifo unezinga eliphezulu kakhulu le -LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) cholesterol, esiyibiza ngokuthi "i-cholesterol embi", emzimbeni wakhe kusukela ekuzalweni.
Ngokuvamile, uma sikhuluma nge-cholesterol, sicabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyanda kuphela kubantu abadla ukudla okunamafutha nokunamafutha, abangawuvivinyi umzimba, futhi abakhuluphele ngokweqile. Lokho kuyiqiniso ngezinga elithile. Kodwa kulesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) , kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unciphile kangakanani noma ukuthi indlela yakho yokuphila iphilile kangakanani, izinga le-cholesterol embi emzimbeni wakho liyakhula ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ngoba, isizathu salokhu akuyona indlela yakho yokuphila, kodwa ukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo zakho.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ngisho nomuntu osemusha ocabanga ukuthi uphilile kahle angahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kwesixwayiso .
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, owesifazane oneminyaka engu-40 ubudala wabelane ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe. Wayemncane kakhulu futhi enempilo. Ngolunye usuku, esesitolo sokudlela, wezwa isisindo esingabekezeleleki esifubeni sakhe futhi wayejuluka kakhulu. Lapho eya ngokushesha kudokotela, ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-ECG, udokotela wathi, "Usanda kuhlaselwa yinhliziyo." Wayengakholwa.
Kamuva, ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okubizwa ngokuthi ``Heart Catheterization`` kwathola ukuthi imithambo yegazi emine eyinhloko ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni yakhe yayivalekile ngo-90%. Phakathi namasonto amabili, kwadingeka kufakwe amapayipi amancane amahlanu, abizwa ngokuthi ``Stents``, ukuze kugcinwe leyo mithambo ivulekile. Ekugcineni kwatholakala ukuthi wayenesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH).
Ingabe izingane zethu nazo zisengozini?
Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sigxile kuyo. Njengoba i-FH iyisifo esizuzwa njengefa, uma omunye wabazali enalesi sifo, kunethuba elingu-50% lokuthi izingane zizosizuza njengefa . Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma kunezingane ezimbili, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi okungenani oyedwa kuzo uzoba nalesi sifo.
Ingozi yalokhu ukuthi, ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu azibonakali, singase singazi ukuthi ingane inalesi sifo. Kodwa ngaphakathi emzimbeni waleyo ngane, i-cholesterol embi iqala ukuqongelela emithanjeni yegazi kancane kancane. Ngenxa yalokhu, leyo nganeNgisho noma usemncane, okungukuthi, eminyakeni yakho yama-20 nama-30, kunethuba elikhulu kakhulu lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.
Ngakho-ke, uma othile emndenini wakho eye waba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo esemncane, noma uma kunomlando womndeni we-cholesterol ephezulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izingane zakho zihlolwe i-cholesterol. I-American Academy of Pediatrics incoma nokuthi zonke izingane ezineminyaka ephakathi kuka-9 no-11 zihlolwe i-cholesterol yazo.
Nini okufanele usole isimo se-FH
Akuzona zonke i-cholesterol ephezulu ene-FH. Kodwa kunezimpawu ezithile okufanele zibhekwe njengezisolisayo kakhulu. Ngizozichaza etafuleni.
| Indaba esolisayo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Amazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-cholesterol ye-LDL | Uma i-LDL yomuntu omdala ingaphezu kuka-190 mg/dL noma i-LDL yengane ingaphezu kuka-160 mg/dL (la manani angahluka kancane kuye ngamazwe). |
| Umlando womndeni | Uma ilungu lomndeni (owesilisa ongaphansi kweminyaka engu-55 ubudala, owesifazane ongaphansi kweminyaka engu-65 ubudala) eke waba nesifo senhliziyo noma isifo senhliziyo. |
| Izici zomzimba (akuwona wonke umuntu onazo) | Ama-fatty deposits aphuzi esikhumbeni esizungeze amehlo (Xanthelasmas), amaqhubu anamafutha emikhonweni yenyama yezandla, izindololwane, noma amadolo (Tendon Xanthomas). |
Akwanele yini ukushintsha indlela yakho yokuphila?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. "Angikwazi yini ukwehlisa i-cholesterol yami uma ngidla kahle futhi ngizivocavoca?" Ezimweni zamazinga ajwayelekile e-cholesterol, izinguquko endleleni yokuphila zingenza umehluko omkhulu.
Kodwa endabeni ye-FH, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zodwa azanele . Ngoba inkinga iwukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo ohlelweni olwenza futhi lususe i-cholesterol emzimbeni wakho. Ngakho-ke, nakuba ukudla okunempilo nokuzivocavoca kubaluleke kakhulu, ukwelashwa kuyadingeka ngempela ukulawula amazinga e-cholesterol e-LDL egazini.
Odokotela bavame ukukunikeza imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol, njenge-statins. Le mithi, enikezwa ngisho nezingane ngemithamo ephansi, inganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yazo yesifo senhliziyo esikhathini esizayo.
Izinto okufanele uzibuze udokotela wakho
Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho enamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wakho bese ubuza le mibuzo.
- Yiziphi izivivinyo ze-cholesterol okufanele ngizenze? (isb. Iphrofayili Ye-Lipid)
- Kufanele ngizihlole kangaki lezi zivivinyo?
- Ukudla kanye nokuzivocavoca kungasiza kanjani ekulawuleni amazinga ami e-cholesterol?
- Iyini ingozi yami yesifo senhliziyo?
- Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ngikhathazeke ngazo kakhulu? (isib. ubuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula)
Ukwazi lolu lwazi kuzosiza kakhulu ekuvikeleni wena nabathandekayo bakho ekuguleni okungathi sína. Khumbula, ukuqaphela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) yisifo esidluliselwa ngofuzo ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Lokhu kungabangela amazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-cholesterol ngisho nakubantu abancane nabaphilile.
- Uma kukhona emndenini wakho oke waba nesifo senhliziyo esemncane (amadoda < 55, abesifazane < 65), kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wena nezingane zakho nihlolwe i-cholesterol yabo.
- Endabeni ye-FH, nakuba kubalulekile ukuphila impilo enempilo, kuvame ukudingeka ukuthatha imithi enqunywe udokotela ukulawula amazinga e-cholesterol.
- Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezinkinga ezinkulu njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi.
- Uma unenkinga mayelana namazinga akho e-cholesterol noma umlando womndeni, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
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