Ingabe amaphaphu akho alimele kakhulu kangangokuthi awasakwazi ukulawulwa ngemithi noma ngezinye izindlela zokwelapha? Udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi ukhulume "ngokufakelwa amaphaphu." Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile futhi ukhathazekile uma uzwa ngokuhlinzwa okukhulu kangaka. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ake sifinyelele emnyombweni wakho. Kuyini ukufakelwa amaphaphu? Kuhilelani? Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngakho ngamazwi alula.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu?
Ukufakelwa amaphaphu inqubo yokuhlinzwa lapho elinye noma womabili amaphaphu akho agulayo noma alimele esuswa khona bese kufakwa elinye noma amaphaphu aphilile avela kumnikeli. Ngokuvamile, la maphaphu anikelwe avela kumuntu oshonile.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa kuphela kumuntu onesifo esibi samaphaphu esingenakwelashwa nganoma yimuphi omunye umuthi noma ukwelashwa. Okusho ukuthi, odokotela batusa lokhu kuhlinzwa njengendlela yokugcina.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokufakelwa kwamaphaphu?
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokufakelwa amaphaphu. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Uhlobo lokufakelwa | Kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| Ukufakelwa amaphaphu okukodwa | Elinye lamaphaphu akho amabili anesifo lizosuswa bese lithathelwa indawo yiphaphu elinempilo elinikelwe. |
| Ukufakelwa amaphaphu kabili | Womabili amaphaphu akho anesifo azosuswa futhi athathelwe indawo ngamaphaphu amabili anempilo anikelwe. |
| Ukufakelwa inhliziyo namaphaphu | Kulokhu, inhliziyo yakho namaphaphu akho kuyasuswa bese kufakelwa inhliziyo namaphaphu anikelwe kahle. Lokhu kwenziwa ezimweni ezinzima ezithinta inhliziyo namaphaphu. |
Ubani ofanelekela lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njengoba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okungathi sína kakhulu, akuwona wonke umuntu ongakwenza. Odokotela bacabangela izici eziningi lapho bekhetha umuntu walokhu. Ngokuvamile, ukuze ufanelekele lokhu kuhlinzwa, kufanele uhlangabezane nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo:
- Kumelwe ube nesifo esibi kakhulu esibangela ukuba amaphaphu akho angasebenzi kahle.
- Isimo sakho kufanele selashwe ngemithi noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
- Uma ungenalo lolu hlinzwa, odokotela kumele ukuthi banqume ukuthi unesikhathi esingaphansi konyaka noma emithathu sokuphila.
- Awukwazi ukuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
- Kumelwe ube ngumuntu ongayisebenzisi imikhiqizo kagwayi (ugwayi, ama-beedis, njll.).
- Kumelwe ukwazi ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo ukuthatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba okuzodingeka uyithathe impilo yakho yonke ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Kungani kudingeka ukufakelwa amaphaphu? Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo ezingazelapha?
Kunconywa ukufakelwa amaphaphu ezifweni ezimbi zamaphaphu ezingelapheki nganoma yiluphi olunye ukwelashwa. Nazi ezinye zezimo ezingabangela lokhu.
| Isimo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Bronchiectasis | Imigudu yomoya emaphashini evulwe unomphela futhi yonakele unomphela. |
| Isifo Sokuvinjelwa Kwamaphaphu Esingamahlalakhona (i-COPD) | Iqembu lezifo zamaphaphu ezingamahlalakhona ezenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. |
| Umonakalo omkhulu obangelwe yi-COVID-19 | Ukutheleleka nge-COVID-19 kungabangela umonakalo ongenakulungiseka emaphashini. |
| I-Cystic Fibrosis (CF) | Isifo esibangelwa ufuzo esibangela ukuthi i-mucus yomzimba (phlegm) ibe nkulu futhi inamathele. Lokhu kungathinta kakhulu amaphaphu. |
| Isifo Samaphaphu Sangaphakathi (ILD) | Isifo lapho izicubu zamaphaphu ziba nezibazi futhi amaphaphu abe lukhuni. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu | Umfutho wegazi ophezulu emithanjeni ethwala igazi liye emaphashini. |
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa? (Ukuhlolwa Kwangaphambi Kokufakelwa)
Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe isinqumo sokuthi ungumuntu omele ukufakelwa amaphaphu, uzohlolwa ngokucophelela . Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokufakelwa.' Lesi yisinyathelo sokuqala. Umxhumanisi wokufakelwa oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile uzoqoqa lonke ulwazi lwakho lwezokwelapha.
Zibhekeni lezi zivivinyo?
Kuneziningi zalezi zivivinyo. Ngayinye yazo ihlola ukuthi umzimba wakho ungamelana yini nokuhlinzwa okukhulu kangaka nokuthi ungasinda yini ekuhlinzweni.
| Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko okwenziwe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa | |
|---|---|
| Impilo yomzimba | Impilo yakho iyonke, umlando wezokwelapha womndeni. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwegazi | Ukuhlola uhlobo lwegazi, ukusebenza kwezinye izitho zomzimba, kanye nesimo sokutheleleka. |
| Ukuthayipha Izicubu | Ukuhlola ukuthi izicubu zomzimba wakho ziyahambisana yini nezicubu zomnikeli. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu , ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthi umzimba wenqabe iphaphu elisha. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwamaphaphu | Izinto ezifana ne-X-ray yesifuba, i-CT scan, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwesifo senhliziyo | Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-ECG, i-Echocardiogram, kanye ne-Cardiac Catheterization kuhlola impilo yenhliziyo. |
| Ezinye izivivinyo | Benza nezinto ezifana nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo (i-DEXA scan), i-colonoscopy, i-Pap smear kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-mammogram kwabesifazane, kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-prostate kwabesilisa. |
Ngemva kwazo zonke lezi zivivinyo, ithimba lezokwelapha lokufakelwa izitho lizohlangana, lihlaziye wonke amarekhodi akho, bese lenza isinqumo sokugcina sokuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa kukufanele yini noma cha.
Uma uzimisele ukuthi uyafaneleka, igama lakho lizofakwa ohlwini lokulinda lokufakelwa amaphaphu lukazwelonke . Kuzodingeka ulinde iphaphu elifanayo ukuze litholakale.
Khumbula, isikhathi kulolu hlu lokulinda singasukela ezinyangeni kuya eminyakeni, kuye ngokuthi uthola yini umuntu onikelayo onegazi elifanayo kanye nosayizi wamaphaphu.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma usohlwini lokulinda?
Lesi sikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu. Udinga ukuba sempilweni engcono kakhulu ngokuhlinzwa. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokwakhela uhlelo olukhethekile.
- Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila: Kufanele uyeke ukuphuza utshwala ngokuphelele. Kufanele ugcine isisindo sakho siphilile. Uma ukhuluphele kakhulu, kufanele wehlise isisindo.
- Imithi: Thatha yonke imithi udokotela wakho ayikunike ngesikhathi. Uma omunye udokotela ekunika imithi emisha, kufanele wazise umxhumanisi wokufakelwa kwezicubu. Kufanele futhi umtshele nganoma yimaphi amavithamini noma imithi yamakhambi oyithathayo.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha umzimba uzokwakha uchungechunge lwezivivinyo ezifanele wena. Kufanele futhi usebenzisane nochwepheshe wezokwelapha ukuphefumula ukuze wenze izivivinyo zokuphefumula ukuze ugcine amaphaphu akho ephilile.
- Ukuhlolwa okuvamile: Udokotela uzoza ukuzokubona njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezintathu.
- Ukulungiselela:Iphaphu elifanayo lingatholakala nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ngakho-ke yenza uhlelo lokuhamba ukuze ufike esibhedlela. Kungumqondo omuhle ukuba nesikhwama sezingubo nezinto ezibalulekile.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuthi uyiswe egumbini lokuhlinza, udokotela wezinzwa uzokunikeza umuthi wokudambisa ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nomfutho wegazi kuzoqashwa njalo.
Uzobe usuxhunywe emshinini obizwa ngokuthi i-mechanical ventilator . Yilokhu okuphefumulayo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, umshini obizwa ngokuthi i-`ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation)` ungasetshenziswa. Lokhu kuvimbela okwesikhashana igazi ukuthi lingagelezi liye enhliziyweni nasemaphashini akho, bese umshini uhlanza igazi bese ulibuyisela emzimbeni wakho.
Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza i-incision esifubeni sakho bese esusa ngokucophelela iphaphu eligulayo noma womabili amaphaphu. Ngemuva kwalokho, iphaphu elisha, elinempilo liyatshalwa endaweni yalo, lixhumanise kabusha yonke imithambo yegazi kanye nemigudu yokuphefumula.
Uma konke sekuxhunywe kahle, bahlola ukuthi igazi nomoya kuyageleza yini ephashini elisha. Ekugcineni, ukusikwa kuyathungwa bese inxeba limbozwa.
Ukufakelwa amaphaphu kanye kungathatha cishe amahora angu-4-8, kanti ukufakelwa amaphaphu amabili kungathatha cishe amahora angu-6-12.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzodluliselwa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU). Odokotela nabahlengikazi bazokunakekela kahle uze ubuye uqaphile futhi isimo sakho sizinze. Ekuqaleni, uzogcinwa kumshini wokuphefumula ukuze ukusize uphefumule.
Uma isimo sakho sithuthuka, uzodluliselwa ewadini evamile. Yilapho ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu iqala khona. Uzonikezwa imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba ukuze umzimba wakho ungalamukeli iphaphu elisha. Umzimba wakho uzoqashwa eduze ukuze ubone ukuthi usabela kanjani kule mithi.
Njengoba ululama kancane kancane, abelaphi bomzimba kanye nabelaphi bokuphefumula bazokuqala ngokuzivocavoca ukuze bakhe amandla akho. Ngokuvamile uzovunyelwa ukuya ekhaya ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-12-14, noma ngaphezulu uma kudingeka.
Yiziphi izingozi nezinkinga? (Izingozi Nezinkinga)
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kunezingozi ezihilelekile. Kubalulekile ukuzazi lezi.
- Izingozi zokuhlinzwa: Izinto ezifana nezinkinga zokubulala izinzwa, ukopha ngokweqile, amahlule egazi, kanye nokutheleleka.
- Ukwenqatshwa Kokufakelwa Amaphaphu: Lena inselele enkulu kunazo zonke. Amasosha omzimba wethu ayakwazi ukubona izinto zangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, angabona iphaphu elisanda kufakelwa "njengento yangaphandle" bese eqala ukulihlasela. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'ukwenqatshwa'.
- Ukwenqatshwa Okusheshayo:Lokhu kungenzeka phakathi nonyaka wokuqala ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kodwa kungalawulwa kakhulu ngemithi.
- Ukwenqatshwa Okungapheli: Lokhu kungenzeka ngemva kweminyaka eminingana. Lesi simo kunzima ukuselapha.
- Ukutheleleka: Imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba, enikezwa ukuvimbela umzimba ekwenqabeni iphaphu elisha, inciphisa ukusebenza kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Lokhu kukwenza ube namathuba amaningi okuthola izifo ezahlukahlukene (amagciwane, amagciwane, isikhunta).
Izimpawu zokwenqaba komzimba amaphaphu
Kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ngalezi zimpawu. Uma unazo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
| Izici zesexwayiso sokwenqatshwa | |
|---|---|
| - Imfiva | - Ukwanda kwesisindo somzimba |
| - Isicanucanu nokuhlanza | - Ukukhathala okukhulu |
| - Ubuhlungu bomzimba | - Uhudo |
| - Ubuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala okuzungeze iphaphu elifakwe kwenye indawo | - Ukuvuvukala komzimba |
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama? (Isikhathi Sokululama)
Lolu uhambo olude. Ngeke luphole ngobusuku obubodwa.
- Izinyanga zokuqala ezi-3: Kuzodingeka uze esibhedlela njalo. Kuzodingeka uhlolwe igazi, uhlolwe nge-X-ray, kanye nokwelashwa ngokwelashwa ngokomzimba.
- Amaviki 6-8: Ungaqala ukuzivocavoca okulula bese ushayela.
- Izinyanga ezi-3-6: Ingozi yokuthi umzimba wenqabe amaphaphu iyancipha. Ukusebenza kwamaphaphu kuyaqina.
- Izinyanga ezi-4-6: Iningi labantu liyakwazi ukubuyela emsebenzini noma esikoleni.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umzimba wakho uhlukile. Isikhathi sakho sokululama singase sihluke kwesomunye umuntu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukufakelwa amaphaphu kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa esindisa impilo, kodwa engathi sína kakhulu. Kwenziwa kubantu abanesifo samaphaphu esibi esingenakwelashwa nganoma yiluphi olunye ukwelashwa.
- Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, uzohlolwa ngochungechunge lwezivivinyo ezijulile ukuze kutholakale ukuthi uyafaneleka yini.
- Ingozi enkulu ukuthi umzimba wakho uzokwenqaba iphaphu elisha bese uthola izifo, okusho ukuthi kuzodingeka uphuze imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba impilo yakho yonke .
- Inqubo yokululama inde, futhi isineke kanye nokusebenza eduze nethimba lezokwelapha kubalulekile.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile (umkhuhlane, ubunzima bokuphefumula), ungangabazi ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha .
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