Ingabe uvame ukuba nokungezwani komzimba okunamabala abomvu nokulunywa umzimba wonke? Lokhu kungaba yi-Mastocytosis!

Ingabe uvame ukuzwa ukuqubuka okubomvu, okulumayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi okukhulu emzimbeni wakho? Noma ingabe uhlushwa ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba ngisho nento encane kakhulu izinsuku eziningi? Ungase ucabange, "Nginokunye ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba." Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ngemuva kwalezi zimpawu, kungase kube nesimo esingavamile esingakasizwa. Esinye isimo esinjalo `(Mastocytosis)`. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale lingavamile kancane, ake sixoxe ngakho kalula.

Kuyini i-Mastocytosis? Kalula nje...

Cabanga nje, ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu kunamaseli afana nonogada abancane. Siwabiza ngokuthi "amaseli e-mast." Lawa "mast cell" ayingxenye " yesimiso sethu sokuzivikela." Afana nebutho lezokuphepha lezwe lethu. Lapho izitha ezifana namagciwane, amabhaktheriya, kanye nezinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba zingena emzimbeni, lawa "mast cell" ayaphuma alwe.

Uma lawa `(mast cells)` esabela ezitheni, akhipha ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi `(histamine).` Le `(histamine)` yiyo ebangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba emzimbeni wethu (isibonelo, ukulunywa, ukubomvu kwesikhumba, ukuvuvukala). Lawa `(mast cells)` nawo asiza ekukhiqizeni i-asidi esiswini.

Ngokuvamile, lawa `(mast cells)` enza umsebenzi wawo futhi alawule izitha bese ephinde athule. Kodwa-ke, okwenzekayo emzimbeni womuntu one-`(Mastocytosis)` ukuthi lawa `(mast cells)` anda ngendlela engavamile futhi engalawuleki. Uma ekhula kanje, lawa maseli akhipha i-`(histamine)` eningi kakhulu. Yilapho uthola khona ukungezwani okukhulu ngisho nento encane kakhulu, noma uma uthola ukungezwani komzimba, kubi kakhulu kunomuntu ojwayelekile, futhi kuhlala isikhathi eside.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, wonke umuntu one-Mastocytosis usengozini enkulu yokuba ne-anaphylaxis , ukusabela kwe-allergy okungazelelwe, okukhulu, futhi okungasongela impilo . Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.

Nakuba odokotela bengenakukwazi ukwelapha i-Mastocytosis ngokuphelele, bangakwazi ukulawula izimpawu futhi baphathe noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-Mastocytosis?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalesi sifo:

1. I-Cutaneous Mastocytosis: Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ezinsaneni nasezinganeni ezincane . Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka nakubantu abadala. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi "amaseli e-mast" angavamile aqoqana esikhumbeni, okubangela amabhamuza namabala anombala obomvu, obomvu obumnyama, onsundu, noma oxubile. Kufana nokuthi ingane encane ngokuzumayo iba namabala amaningi abomvu emzimbeni wayo futhi iyawaklwebha njalo.

2. I-Systemic Mastocytosis: Lolu hlobo luvame ukubonakala kubantu abadala.Lapha, "amaseli e-mast" angavamile aqoqana ezithweni zangaphakathi ezifana nomnkantsha wamathambo, amathambo, uhlelo lwethu lokugaya ukudla, namaphaphu. Cabanga nje, uma lawa maseli eqoqana ngokweqile emnkantsha wamathambo, kungathinta ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana ethu egazi. Futhi, uma lawa maseli ekhula esiswini, angakhiqiza i-asidi eningi kakhulu esiswini futhi abangele izilonda zesisu.

Ingabe lesi yisifo esivamile?

Cha, empeleni lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Ngokusho kocwaningo, kuthiwa umuntu oyedwa kuphela kwabayizinkulungwane eziyishumi (10,000) noma oyedwa kwabayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili (20,000) ohlushwa yilesi sifo. Ngakho-ke, kuvamile ukuthi akubona bonke abantu abazi ngaso.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezingaba khona ze-Mastocytosis?

Njengoba lawa "mast cells" anda ngendlela engavamile, kungase kube nezimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Nakuba lezi zimpawu zingase zibe mnene kakhulu kwabanye abantu, zingaba zimbi kakhulu kwabanye.

• Ubuhlungu bamathambo: Ukuzwa sengathi amathambo akho ayabuhlungu.
• Uhudo (ubuhlungu besisu): Ukuya endlini yangasese njalo.
• Ukuquleka (njengokulahlekelwa ukwazi): Kungazelelwe, amehlo aphenduka aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka bese kubonakala sengathi ulahlekelwa ukwazi.
• Isimo sokukhathazeka nokwesaba njalo: Ukuzizwa ukhathazekile ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuhlanzwa: Ukubomvu kwesikhumba ngokuzumayo emzimbeni wonke.
• Amaqhubu noma amabala alumayo esikhumbeni: Njengoba sikhulume ngakho ngaphambili.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu: Ikhanda elibuhlungu elihlala likhona.
• Isiyezi esibangelwa umfutho wegazi ophansi: Umuzwa wesiyezi lapho umi endaweni yokuma.
• Ubuhlungu bamalunga: Ubuhlungu bamalunga.
• Amabala abomvu noma ansundu esikhumbeni: Lawa angase abe lusizi noma angaluzi.

I-Mastocytosis iqala nini?

Kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwesifo. Ngokuvamile:

• I-Cutaneous Mastocytosis: Lokhu kungathinta ngisho nezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa.
• I-Mastocytosis Ehlelekile: Ngokuvamile ithinta abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50 ubudala.

Iyini imbangela yalokhu?

`(Mastocytosis)` akuyona into esizalwa nayo. Ibangelwa izinguquko ezakhiweni zofuzo ezibizwa ngokuthi `(ama-gene e-KIT)`. Lawa `(ama-gene e-KIT)` ayizakhi zofuzo ezisiza izinhlobo ezithile zamaseli, njengezakhi zofuzo zethu, `(amaseli e-mast)`, ukuba zikhule. Ku-`(Mastocytosis), lawa ma-gene e-`(ama-gene e-KIT)` aguquliwe anikeza isignali engalungile ku-`(amaseli e-mast)` ukuthi "ande kakhulu futhi akhule ngokungalawuleki."

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-mastocytosis?

Lokhu kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Akuwona wonke umuntu onezimbangela ezifanayo. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezithile ezingakhulisa izimpawu ngokuvamile:

• Ukuhlikihla noma ukuklwebha isikhumba: Lokhu kungenzeka nakwabanye abantu ngokugqoka izingubo ezibabambayo.
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kanye nomsebenzi womzimba oweqile.
• Ukulunywa noma ukuhlatshwa yizinambuzane:Ikakhulukazi izilwane ezifana nezintuthwane, iminyovu, nezinyosi.
• Ukuphuza utshwala.
• Ukudla okuthile: Ikakhulukazi ukudla okunongwe kakhulu, okunongiwe kakhulu.
• Imithi ethile: Isibonelo, imithi yokubulala izinhlungu ebizwa ngokuthi ``ama-NSAID`` (imithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal), imithi yokukhulula imisipha, kanye nemithi yokubulala izinhlungu ``(i-anesthesia)``.
• Izinguquko ezingazelelwe ekushiseni: Njengokugxumela emanzini abandayo kakhulu.
• Ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo: Lokhu kuvame ukuba nomthelela omkhulu.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-Mastocytosis?

Lesi sifo singabangela ezinye izinkinga zempilo, okuhlanganisa:

• I-Osteoporosis: Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amathambo abe buthakathaka futhi aphuke kalula.
• Izinkinga zesibindi: Isimo lapho isibindi sivuvukala khona futhi singasebenzi kahle.
• I-Cytopenia: Ukungakwazi komzimba ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi anele.
• Ukutheleleka okuvamile.

I-Mastocytosis itholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho futhi ahlole isikhumba sakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, angenza izivivinyo ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola izinga le-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi ``tryptase`` egazini lakho. Le ``tryptase`` yinto ``mast cells`` ekhishwayo lapho esabela ezitheni.
• Ukuskena kwamathambo: Ukuhlola umonakalo wamathambo.
• I-Bone marrow biopsy: Kuthathwa isampula yomongo bese kuhlolwa amaseli e-mast angajwayelekile.
• Ukuhlolwa kofuzo: Uma une-Systemic Mastocytosis, ungahlolwa izinguquko ku-KIT genes.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Mastocytosis?

Izinketho zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwesifo kanye nezimpawu zakho. Odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa imithi kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukuze banciphise izimpawu.

Izinhlobo zemithi esetshenziselwa i-Mastocytosis:

• Ama-antacid (ama-H2 blockers) ezinkingeni zesisu: Ezintweni ezifana nokuvuvukala kwesisu kanye ne-gastritis.
• Ama-Antihistamine: Yehlisa izimpawu zesikhumba ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba njengokulunywa kanye nokubomvu.
• Ama-bisphosphonates e-osteoporosis: Ukuqinisa amathambo.
• Ama-Corticosteroids: Yehlisa ukuvuvukala.
• Ama-antibodies e-monoclonal: ikakhulukazi imithi efana ne-omalizumab (Xolair®).
• Imithi yobuhlungu .

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha:

• Ukwelashwa ngokukhanya kwe-Ultraviolet (UV): Nciphisa amabala amnyama esikhumbeni.
• Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe .
• I-Epinephrine ye-anaphylaxis:Ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo kokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu futhi kunikezwa kuphela uma i-Mastocytosis iphenduka umdlavuza.
• Ukufakelwa kwe-allogeneic stem cell (bone marrow): Lokhu kucatshangelwa nasezimweni ezinzima kakhulu neziyinkimbinkimbi ze-mastocytosis. Abantu abaningi abakudingi lokhu.

Ingabe kukhona izinkinga noma imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Yebo, njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa, kuneminye imiphumela emibi engenzeka ngokwelashwa kwe-Mastocytosis. Eminye ingaba mincane, kanti eminye ingaba yingozi kakhulu. Uma une-Mastocytosis, udokotela wakho uzochaza ukwelashwa okutholayo kanye nemiphumela emibi engaba khona.

Ingabe i-Mastocytosis ingelapheka ngokuphelele?

Ngokuvamile, i-Mastocytosis ibhekwa njengesifo esingelapheki ngokuphelele, kodwa singalawulwa ngokulawula izimpawu nokwelapha izinkinga .

Ukwelashwa okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwelapha engase yelapheke yalokhu yi-"allogeneic stem cell (bone marrow) transplantation" okukhulunywe ngayo ngaphambilini. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nalokho kunconywa kuphela ezigulini ezinezimo ezinzima kakhulu neziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ingabe i-Mastocytosis iba yimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?

Uma zingalashwa, izimpawu zingaba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi kumuntu one- systemic mastocytosis , njengoba amaseli e-mast angavamile eqhubeka nokuthinta umongo wamathambo nezitho zangaphakathi.

Ingabe i-Mastocytosis ingavinjelwa?

Ngeshwa, cha. Njengoba kubangelwa izinguquko ezakhiweni ze-KIT, ayikho indlela yokukuvimbela. Kodwa-ke, uma une-Mastocytosis, ungalawula izimpawu zakho ngokwazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela ukusabela kwakho kokungezwani komzimba futhi uzigweme ngangokunokwenzeka.

Isibonelo, uma unesizathu semithi ethile, kungumqondo omuhle ukugqoka isongo lesaziso sezokwelapha elibhalwe ohlwini lwayo. Lokhu kuzokwazisa abanye ukuthi yimiphi imithi okungafanele uyithathe uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo.

Uma une-Systemic Mastocytosis, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale uphethe i-syringe ozijova yona equkethe i-epinephrine. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba okusongela impilo njengokushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic.

Ngizinakekela kanjani? (Mastocytosis) Ngesikhathi ngihlala no...

Njengoba i-Mastocytosis iyisifo esingelapheki ngokuphelele, kungase kudingeke uphile naso isikhashana. Kungaba yinselele. Kodwa-ke, nansi ezinye izinto ezingakusiza:

• Yazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela izimpawu zakho.Izinto ezibangela ukugula komuntu ngamunye zihlukile. Ungase uthande ukubhala phansi idayari bese ubhala phansi ukuthi izimpawu zakho zimbi kangakanani, ukuthi udleni futhi uphuze ini, nokuthi wenzeni ngaleso sikhathi.
• Ukucindezeleka kungenza lezi zimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu. Uma udinga usizo lokulawula ukucindezeleka, buza udokotela wakho ngezinhlelo zokulawula ukucindezeleka. Izinto ezifana nokuzindla kanye ne-yoga zingasiza.
• Gqoka isongo lesexwayiso sezokwelapha. Kufanele libhale isimo sakho sezokwelapha kanye nanoma yimiphi imithi okungafanele uyithathe.
• Hlala uphethe inaliti ye-epinephrine auto-injector. Kungasindisa impilo uma kwenzeka ukusabela okubi kakhulu kwe-allergy.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Uzohlolwa njalo nodokotela wakho. Bazoqapha izimpawu zakho futhi bashintshe ukwelashwa kwakho uma kudingeka. Uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha, noma uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Kufanele ngiye nini eGumbini Lezimo Eziphuthumayo?

Uma une-allergy enkulu kakhulu engenakulawuleka ngemithi, iya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha. Okusho ukuthi, uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula, umphimbo oqinile, isiyezi esikhulu, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma une-Mastocytosis, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Nginaluphi uhlobo lwe-Mastocytosis?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo zohlobo enginalo?
• Ingabe ukwelashwa kuzoqeda ngokuphelele izimpawu zami?
• Yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ezingase zibonise ukuthi isimo sami siya siba sibi kakhulu?
• Ingabe kuzodingeka ngithathe ukwelashwa unomphela?
• Uma nginesimo esibi kakhulu, kuyini ukubikezela kwami?
• Ingabe kukhona izivivinyo zemitholampilo engingahlanganyela kuzo?

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Mastocytosis yisimo esingavamile esibangela ukukhula okungajwayelekile, okungalawuleki kwamaseli e-mast emzimbeni. Kungathinta isikhumba nezitho zangaphakathi. Iningi labantu lingakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zabo ngokubona nokugwema izimbangela kanye nokuthatha imithi. Kubalulekile futhi ukugcina umjovo we-epinephrine useduze ukuze welaphe ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba.

Nakuba lesi yisifo esingelapheki ngokuphelele, ngeseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele kanye nokwelashwa, ungazama ukulawula izimpawu futhi uphile impilo evamile. Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Bazokusiza.

I- Mastocytosis, amaseli e-mast, i-histamine, ukungezwani komzimba, izifo zesikhumba, amasosha omzimba, i-anaphylaxis