Ingabe udokotela wakho wake wakutshela ukuthi "ulawule ukudla kwakho"? Mhlawumbe kungenxa yesifo sikashukela, i-cholesterol, umfutho wegazi, noma esinye isifo. Empeleni, lokhu "kulawula ukudla" akukhona nje ukunciphisa ilayisi noma ukuyeka ukudla amaswidi. Kuyindlela yokwelapha ejulile kakhulu, esekelwe kwesayensi. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-Medical Nutrition Therapy , noma (MNT) ngamafuphi. Kufana nohlelo lokudla oluklanywe ngokukhethekile olusiza ukulawula izimpawu ngenkathi lunikeza umzimba wakho ukudla okunomsoco okudingayo, ngendlela efanelana nesifo sakho.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT)?
Cabanga nje, njengoba nje udokotela ekunika imithi yokugula kwakho, yilokhu okwenzekayo lapho elungisa imikhuba yakho yokudla ukuze akusize ululame kulokho kugula. Lokhu akuyona nje indlela yokudla oyithola ku-inthanethi. Lokhu kwenziwa yi-Registered Dietitian Doctor ethole ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile futhi efanelekile kulo mkhakha.
Uzosebenzisana nawe kanye nethimba lakho lezokunakekelwa kwempilo, okuhlanganisa nodokotela wakho okwelaphayo, ukuze baqale banqume izidingo zakho zezempilo kanye nemigomo yakho siqu. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazokwakha uhlelo lokudla oluqondene nawe. Umgomo walolu hlelo ukwenza impilo yakho ibe ngcono ngokunikeza umzimba wakho amazinga afanele ama-micronutrients kanye nama-macronutrients owadingayo. Uzokusiza futhi ukuthi usebenzise lolu hlelo.
Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukwelashwa kwe-MNT ukusiza ukuphatha izimo ezingamahlalakhona ezifana nesifo sikashukela nesifo sezinso. Kunganezela imithi yakho ekhona. Kwezinye izimo, kungakusiza ngisho nokugwema ukuthatha imithi. Kubalulekile futhi kubantu abanesimo sezokwelapha esibavimbela ekugwinyeni noma ekugayeni ukudla ngendlela efanele.
Kuye ngezidingo zakho, ukwelashwa kwe-MNT kungabukeka kanje:
- Ukumisa noma ukunciphisa ukudla okuthile. (Isibonelo, ukutshela isiguli sezinso ukuthi sinciphise ukudla okucebile nge-potassium njengobhanana nama-orenji.)
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukudla okuthile kanye nezakhamzimba kudliwa ngobuningi obanele . (Isibonelo, ukutshela umuntu onesifo sokuntuleka kwegazi ukuthi adle imifino, inyama, kanye nenhlanzi ecebile nge-iron.)
- Ukuthatha izithasiselo zokudla okunempilo .
- Ukondla nge-saline (Parenteral Nutrition) noma ukondla ngepayipi (Enteral Nutrition) .
Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuchazela lokhu ngokuningiliziwe.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo i-MNT esiza kuzo?
Ukwelashwa ngokudla okunempilo kwezokwelapha kungasiza ekulawuleni izifo eziningi. Ithebula elingezansi lizokunikeza umbono omuhle ngakho.
| Isigaba sesifo | Izibonelo |
|---|---|
| Isifo sezinso | Isifo Sezinso Esingapheli (CKD) |
| Izifo zesistimu yokuphefumula | Isifo Sokuvinjelwa Kwamaphaphu Esingamahlalakhona (i-COPD) |
| Izifo zesistimu yokugaya ukudla | Isifo se-Celiac, Isifo sikaCrohn, I-Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), i-Ulcerative Colitis |
| Isifo sikashukela kanye nezimo ezihlobene naso | Isifo sikashukela (Uhlobo 1, Uhlobo 2 kanye nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa), I-Prediabetes |
| Isifo senhliziyo | Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo |
| Umfutho wegazi kanye ne-cholesterol | Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme, I-Cholesterol Ephakeme, Ama-Triglycerides Aphezulu |
| Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo kanye nesisindo | Ukungondleki kahle - ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinomdlavuza, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile |
Ubani ohlinzeka ngale ndlela yokwelapha?
Lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Ukwelashwa kokudla okunempilo kwezokwelapha kunikezwa yiRegistered Dietitians (RDs) . Bangochwepheshe bezokwelapha abanolwazi olukhethekile nokuqeqeshwa kulo mkhakha. Ngakho-ke, bangakunikeza isiqondiso esithembekile nesiphephile.
Ngezinye izikhathi abantu abazibiza ngokuthi “ochwepheshe bezokudla” bangase bangabi nalo lolu hlobo lokuqeqeshwa okujulile, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenza ne-RD ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola iseluleko esinembile nesisekelwe kwezokwelapha.
Uchwepheshe wakho wezokudla uzosebenzisana nabanye abahlinzeki bezempilo, njengodokotela wakho nabahlengikazi, ukuze bakhe uhlelo lwakho lokudla okunempilo. Bazoba khona futhi ukukusiza kuzo zonke izinyathelo zendlela.
Le nqubo yokwelashwa yenzeka kanjani?
Ngokuvamile kunezinyathelo eziningana ezilandelwa ochwepheshe bezokudla lapho benikeza lokhu kwelashwa. Lokhu kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Isibonelo, uma ulaliswe esibhedlela unesifo esibucayi, ungase ungakwazi ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo kule nqubo ekuqaleni. Uma ingane yakho idinga i-MNT, nguwe ozoba nethuba elikhulu lokukhuluma nochwepheshe wezokudla futhi uhlele umsebenzi.
Nazi lezo zinyathelo:
1. Ukuhlolwa Kokudla Okunomsoco
Lesi yisinyathelo sokuqala. Yilapho isazi sakho sezokudla efunda khona ngawe kanye nezidingo zakho zokudla okunempilo. Babheka izinto ezifana namarekhodi akho ezokwelapha, imibiko yelebhu, njll. Kodwa lokho kuyingxenye eyodwa nje yendaba. Lokho okushoyo nakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
Uchwepheshe wakho wezokudla uzokhuluma nawe futhi azame ukufunda okwengeziwe ngezidingo zakho, imigomo yakho, kanye nezinto ozithandayo. Bangase bakubuze imibuzo efana nale:
- Uvame ukudla ini ngosuku?
- Ingabe unakho ukungezwani nokudla?
- Indlela yakho yokuphila kanye nesizinda sakho samasiko kukuthinta kanjani ukudla nokuphuzayo?
- Yiziphi izinselele obhekene nazo ekulungiseleleni nasekutholeni ukudla? (isib. ukuntuleka kwesikhathi, ubunzima bezezimali)
- Yikuphi ukudla okulula ukukuthola nokungelula ukukuthola endaweni yakini?
2. Ukuxilongwa Kokudla Okunomsoco
Lokhu akufani nokuxilongwa kwakho kwezokwelapha (isib. isifo sikashukela). Lokhu kuhlukile. Lapha, isazi sokudla sigxile enkingeni ehlobene nokudla kwakho.
Isibonelo, ungase udle izakhamzimba eziningi kakhulu, njengama-carbohydrate, noma unganele. Uchwepheshe wezokudla uzobona imbangela yale nkinga, kanye nezimpawu ozizwayo emibikweni yelabhorethri.
3. Ukungenelela Kokudla Okunempilo
Manje, ngokusekelwe ekuhlolweni nasekuxilongweni okwenziwe ngenhla, isazi sokudla okunempilo sizokwakha uhlelo lokuxazulula inkinga. Sizokuchazela ukuthi yini okudingeka uyenze ukuze usebenzise uhlelo. Isibonelo, sizokutshela ngezinguquko okudingeka uzenze empilweni yakho yansuku zonke. Sizokutshela nokuthi udinga ukubona kangaki isazi sokudla okunempilo, futhi mhlawumbe ngemihlangano yeqembu.
4. Ukuqapha Nokuhlola Ukudla Okunomsoco
Uma usuqalile uhlelo, uchwepheshe wezokudla uzokuhlola njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle. Uzobuyekeza imibiko yakho yelabhorethri, akubuze ukuthi unjani, futhi akhulume nabanye odokotela bakho.
Uma unomuzwa wokuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle, noma uma unemibuzo, qiniseka ukuthi utshela uchwepheshe wakho wezokudla. Uzophendula imibuzo yakho futhi alungise uhlelo uma kudingeka.
Yiziphi izinzuzo ze-MNT?
Kunezinzuzo eziningi ongazithola ngokwelashwa ngokudla okunempilo kwezokwelapha. Akuyona nje indlela yokudla, kodwa kuyindlela ebalulekile yokutshala imali ohambweni lwakho lwempilo enhle.
| Inzuzo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukulawulwa kwezimpawu | Ungathola ukudla okunomsoco okudingayo ukuze unciphise izimpawu noma imiphumela yesimo sakho. |
| Ukugwema ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo | Ungathola izakhamzimba ongeke uzithole ekudleni okuvamile wedwa. |
| Ukuthuthukisa imingcele yezokwelapha | Ngokuletha izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol kanye namazinga kashukela emazingeni anempilo, ungagwema ukusebenzisa imithi noma wandise ukusebenza kahle kwemithi. |
| Ukunikeza umzimba amandla | Ungawondla umzimba wakho ngisho noma uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla lungasebenzi kahle. |
| Ushintsho lwendlela yokuphila | Ungafunda ukuthi unganqoba kanjani izithiyo ekudleni okunomsoco. Ungafunda izindlela zokufaka ukuzivocavoca empilweni yakho yansuku zonke. |
| Okubhaliselwe okusebenzayo | Unethuba futhi lokufaka isandla ngenkuthalo enqubweni yokuvikela impilo yakho. |
Ingabe zikhona izingozi ngalokhu kwelashwa?
Izingozi zincike endleleni odla ngayo.
- Ukudla Okunomsoco Kwabazali: Kukhona ingozi yokutheleleka kwegazi.
- Ukuncelisa Ngepayipi: Kukhona ingozi yokutheleleka endaweni yokufakwa kwepayipi, noma izinkinga zokugaya ukudla njengokuqunjelwa, isicanucanu, noma isifo sohudo.
- Izinguquko ekudleni: Lokhu kuyinto ephephile kakhulu futhi engenangozi kakhulu ukuyenza uma ukwenza lokhu ngaphansi kokuqondiswa yisazi sokudla okunempilo. Bazokwazisa kusenesikhathi ngezinguquko ozozizwa uma ushintsha ukudla kwakho.
Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizochaza kabanzi nganoma yiziphi izingozi ezinjalo nokuthi ungazilawula kanjani.
Izinto ongazenza ukuze lolu hambo lube lula
Uchwepheshe wakho wezokudla uzokusiza ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kulawuleke kuwe. Uzozama ukuqonda okuthandayo. Uzofuna nokwazi ukuthi kukhona yini izithiyo zokufinyelela imigomo yakho.
Isibonelo, mhlawumbe azikho izinketho zokudla okunempilo endaweni yakini. Noma mhlawumbe ukhathele kakhulu ukupheka uma ufika ekhaya uvela emsebenzini wesikhathi esidlule. Ukuvuleleka kudokotela wakho wezokudla nganoma yiziphi izinselele obhekene nazo kungakusiza ukuthi nithole izixazululo ndawonye.
Kungasiza futhi ukugcina ibhuku lezincwadi lalokho okudlayo nokuphuzayo nsuku zonke nokuthi ukukudla nini. Futhi, gcina umbhalo walokho okuthandayo nokungakuthandi ngemikhuba yakho yokudla yamanje.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwelashwa Kokudla Okunomsoco Kwezokwelapha (i-MNT) akuyona nje indlela yokudla. Kuyindlela yokwelapha esekelwe kwesayensi esetshenziselwa ukulawula izifo.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kwenzelwe wena . Kuzohluka kuye ngesimo sakho, indlela ophila ngayo, kanye nemigomo yakho.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kufanele kutholakale kuphela ku-Registered Dietitian Specialist othole ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kule ndawo.
- I-MNT iyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokulawula izifo eziningi ezingamahlalakhona ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sezinso kanye ne-cholesterol.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nohlelo lwakho lokudla okunempilo, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma isazi sokudla okunempilo ngakho ngokukhululekile.
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