Ingabe nawe uzwa ukopha okukhulu ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini kwakho kwanyanga zonke? Ake sixoxe nge-Menorrhagia!

Kwabesifazane abaningi, ukuya esikhathini akuyona into ejabulisayo. Abanye abantu bakuthola kunzima ukudlula kulezi zinsuku ezimbalwa zenyanga ngezinto ezifana nobuhlungu besisu, ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka, kanye nokushintshashintsha kwemizwelo. Kodwa uma uphuma igazi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, uma uphuma igazi izinsuku eziningana zilandelana, noma uma uphuma amahlule amakhulu egazi, kungaba yisimo sezokwelapha esibizwa ngokuthi i-Menorrhagia . Lokhu kungaphazamisa ngisho nokuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa namuhla.

Iyini i-Menorrhagia? Ingabe nawe unalezi zimpawu?

Kalula nje, i-menorrhagia ukopha okukhulu kunokujwayelekile ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini noma okuqhubeka izinsuku eziningana. Uma usola ukuthi unalesi simo, cabanga ngalezi zimpawu:

• Ingabe isikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini sihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa ?
• Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi wopha kakhulu kangangokuthi kufanele ushintshe iphedi noma i-tampon okungenani kanye ngehora ?
• Ingabe kufanele ngisebenzise ama-pad amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ngimise ukopha?
• Ingabe kufanele uvuke ebusuku ukuze ushintshe i-pad yakho ngisho nalapho ulele?
• Ingabe ukhipha amahlule egazi angangemali noma amakhulu izikhathi eziningana ngosuku?
• Ingabe uzizwa ungakhululekile ngesikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini kangangokuthi awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho evamile ?

Abantu abaningi abakuthandi ukuya esikhathini. Kodwa uma unayo (i-menorrhagia), kungaba yinto ekhathazayo futhi ebuhlungu kakhulu. Ukungakwazi ukuya emsebenzini noma esikoleni, ukusebenzisa ama-pad amaningi nokuhlala ekhaya kungaba yinto ekhungathekisayo ngempela.

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha . Angahlola izimpawu zakho futhi athole imbangela yokopha kwakho okukhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho, angakunikeza ukwelashwa okufanele.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Eqinisweni, ukopha kakhulu kokuya esikhathini akuyona into engavamile njengoba ungase ucabange . Kuthinta phakathi kuka-27% no-54% wabesifazane abaya esikhathini. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awuwedwa.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi ulahlekelwa igazi eliningi kakhulu?

Kunezimpawu eziningana zokopha kakhulu. Sesikhulume ngazo kancane ngaphambili. Ngamanye amazwi:

• Ukuya esikhathini okuhlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kweziyisikhombisa.
• Kudlula amahlule egazi angaphezu kwelilodwa ngobukhulu bemali. Leli gazi lingaba bomvu, lipinki, libe nsundu, noma libe nombala ofana nokugqwala.
• Ukopha okuhlala cishe amahora amabili, kucwiliswe i-pad noma i-tampon engaphezu kweyodwa ngehora.
• Ukuvuka ebusuku ukuze ushintshe iphedi ngisho noma ufuna ukulala.
• Ukusebenzisa ama-pad amabili ndawonye ngenxa yokwesaba ukuvuza kwegazi.
• Ngokuvamile, kulahleka izipuni ezimbili kuya kwezithathu zegazi ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Kodwa-ke, uma kulahleka izipuni ezingaphezu kwezi-5 zegazi (lokhu kunzima ukukulinganisa, kodwa ngokuvamile kuthiwa kunjalo), lokho futhi kuwukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu.
• Ukuba nobuhlungu obukhulu esiswini noma ukuya esikhathini.
• Ukopha ngokweqile kungabangela ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala, kanye nokuphelelwa umoya . Lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni yigazi .

Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-Menorrhagia? Kufanele kube njani ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile?

Ukopha kakhulu kokuya esikhathini kungathinta izinga lempilo yakho . Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ukuya esikhathini kuyinto okumele ingakhululeki futhi ibe yinkinga. Mhlawumbe babone amalungu omndeni wabo ehlushwa ukuya esikhathini okunzima futhi engadingi ukwelashwa ngakho, futhi sebejwayele ukuphila ngendlela efanayo. Kodwa ukuya esikhathini akudingeki kumise imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke noma kubekezelele ukungakhululeki.

Ngokuvamile, yilokhu okwenzekayo ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini:

• Kufanele ukwazi ukusebenzisa iphedi noma i-tampon evamile amahora amathathu kuya kwamane ngaphandle kokuyishintsha.
• Kufanele ukwazi ukusebenzisa iphedi noma i-tampon eyodwa kuphela. Akufanele uhlanganise ezimbili.
• Kufanele ukwazi ukusebenzisa i-nightpad uma ulele ebusuku.
• Akudingeki uphathe ama-pad nezingubo ezengeziwe uma uphuma endlini.
• Kufanele ukwazi ukuya emsebenzini, ukuphuma, nokuphila impilo yakho ngendlela evamile ngaphandle kwezithiyo.

Uma ukuya esikhathini kwakho kuphazamisa impilo yakho, yisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokubona udokotela.

Kungani kukhona ukopha okungaka? Ziyini izimbangela?

I-Menorrhagia ingaba nezimbangela eziningi. Ingabangelwa izinkinga zamahomoni, izimo ezithile zezokwelapha, noma imithi ethile oyiphuzayo.

Ukungalingani kwama-hormone

Umjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini wanyanga zonke ulawulwa ama-hormone akhiqizwa umzimba wakho, njenge-estrogen ne-progesterone. La ma-hormone anquma nokuthi ukhipha igazi elingakanani ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Uma kukhona isimo esibangela ukuthi la ma-hormone angalingani, ungase uzwe ukopha ngokweqile. Isibonelo:

• Ukukhululwa kweqanda: Ukwehluleka ukukhipha iqanda emaqanda.
• Isifo se-thyroid.
• I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungathinta nokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone futhi kubangele ukuphuma kwegazi ngokweqile. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngesisindo somzimba wakho esifanele bese ubona ukuthi siyathinta yini lesi simo.

Ukukhula okungenawo umdlavuza esibelethweni sakho

Ezinye izimila ezingenabungozi ezakha esibelethweni kanye nezimo lapho amangqamuzana esibeletho ekhula khona ngendlela engavamile nazo zingabangela ukopha ngokweqile.

• Ama-polyp: Lawa amahlumela amancane akheka ongqimbeni lwesibeletho (i-endometrium) noma umlomo wesibeletho.
• Ama-fibroid: Lawa amaqhubu angewona umdlavuza akhula emisipheni yesibeletho. Abesifazane abaningi banawo, kodwa kungenzeka bangabi nazimpawu.
• I-Adenomyosis: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izicubu ezivela ongqimbeni lwangaphakathi lwesibeletho zikhula zibe ungqimba lwemisipha yesibeletho.

Izifo

Ezinye izifo, okuhlanganisa izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI), nazo zingabangela ukopha okukhulu.

• I-Trichomoniasis
• I-Gonorrhea
• I-Chlamydia
• I-endometritis engapheli - ukutheleleka kwesikhathi eside kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwesibeletho.

Izinkinga zokukhulelwa

Ukopha kakhulu kungaba uphawu oluyisixwayiso lwezinkinga ezithile ezingase zenzeke ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

• Ukuphuphuma kwesisu.
• Ukukhulelwa kwesisu: Umbungu ofakwa ngaphandle kwesibeletho.
• Izinkinga ezihlobene nezibazi ngemva kokuhlinzwa (i-C-section niche).

Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha

I-Menorrhagia iwuphawu lwezinye izifo eziningi, okuhlanganisa nezinkinga zokopha. Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezivamile ezingabangela ukopha ngokweqile zifaka:

• Isifo sikaVon Willebrand - inkinga yokujiya kwegazi.
• Isifo sesibindi.
• Isifo sezinso.
• Isifo sokuvuvukala kwe-pelvic (PID).
• I-leukemia noma izinkinga ze-platelet.

Ukukhula komdlavuza esibelethweni sakho

I-Menorrhagia ingabangelwa nayisimo esingaphambi komdlavuza esibizwa ngokuthi i-endometrial hyperplasia. Futhi, eminye imidlavuza ethinta uhlelo lwakho lokuzala ingabangela ukopha okukhulu.

• Umdlavuza wesibeletho.
• Umdlavuza wesibeletho.

Eminye imithi

Eminye imithi ingabangela nokopha kakhulu kokuya esikhathini.

• Izinto zokunciphisa igazi kanye ne-aspirin.
• Ukwelashwa kokushintsha ama-hormone.
• I-Tamoxifen (umuthi osetshenziselwa umdlavuza webele).
• Amadivayisi angaphakathi kwesibeletho (ama-IUD).
• Izimila zokuvimbela inzalo.
• Amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo kanye nemijovo (isib., i-NuvaRing®, i-Depo-Provera®, i-Implanon®).

Ukungasusi idivayisi yakho yokuvimbela inzalo ngesikhathi nakho kungabangela ukopha okungavamile kwesibeletho. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kufanele uyisuse nini i-IUD noma i-implant yakho.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-menorrhagia?

Noma ubani angaba ne-menorrhagia. Kodwa-ke, kuvame kakhulu kulabo abasondela ekunqamukeni kokuya esikhathini . Uma unokungalingani kwama-hormone noma ukhuluphele ngokweqile (i-body mass index (BMI) engama-30 noma ngaphezulu), usengozini enkulu yokuba nezikhathi ezinzima zokuya esikhathini.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona zokopha kakhulu kokuya esikhathini?

Ukopha ngokweqile,Kungaba yingozi, ikakhulukazi uma ulahlekelwa igazi elanele kuze kube yilapho uqala ukukhombisa izimpawu ze-anemia. I-anemia ingaba yingozi empilweni uma ingelashwa.

Futhi, ezinye izimo, njengomdlavuza, ezibangela ukuya esikhathini esinzima zingadinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha zisesencane. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izingozi ezihlobene nokopha kwakho kokuya esikhathini.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukuthi i-menorrhagia ibangelwa yini?

Ukuze anqume ukuthi une-menorrhagia, udokotela wakho uzokubuza imibuzo embalwa mayelana nomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, kanye nokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nokuhlolwa kwesinqe.

Udokotela angase abuze izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Waqala ukuya esikhathini uneminyaka emingaki?
• Zingaki izinsuku ezithatha ukuya esikhathini?
• Zingaki lezo zinsuku ophuma ngazo igazi kakhulu?
• Ingabe ukhona emndenini wakho onomlando wezikhathi ezinzima?
• Uyini umlando wakho wokukhulelwa kanye nezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo zamanje?
• Yimiphi imithi (kufaka phakathi imithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (OTC)) oyithathayo njengamanje?

Lungela ukukhuluma ngendlela yakho yokuphila. Udokotela uzofuna ukwazi ukuthi usebenzisa ama-pad amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa, uphuthelwa umsebenzi ngenxa yokuya esikhathini, noma unemingcele empilweni yakho yansuku zonke.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo?

I-ultrasound ye-pelvic iyindlela evame kakhulu odokotela abaxilonga ngayo i-menorrhagia. Ezinye izivivinyo zingenziwa kuye ngeminyaka yakho kanye nobunzima bezimpawu zakho.

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola i-anemia, izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi, kanye nesifo se-thyroid.
• I-ultrasound ye-Transvaginal: Buka isimo sezitho nezicubu emgodini we-pelvic.
• I-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Uma i-ultrasound inganikezi ulwazi olwanele, isetshenziselwa ukubheka izakhiwo ezingavamile esibelethweni.
• I-Pap smear: Ihlola amangqamuzana omlomo wesibeletho ukuze kutholakale ukuthi awanazo yini izinguquko zomdlavuza.
• Ukulima kwentamo yomlomo wesibeletho: Ukuhlola ukutheleleka.
• I-biopsy ye-endometrial: Ukuhlola amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma ezinye izinkinga ezicutshini zesibeletho.

Ezinye izindlela ezingasiza ekutholeni imbangela yokopha:

• I-Sonohysterogram (i-sonography yokufakwa kwe-saline): Ukuhlola izinkinga ngolwelwesi lwesibeletho. Lokhu kuhilela ukugcwalisa isibeletho nge-saline nokubheka ngaphakathi.
• I-Hysteroscopy: Ukuhlola ama-polyp, ama-fibroids, noma ezinye izicubu ezingavamile esibelethweni. Le nqubo ingahlola isitho sangasese sowesifazane, umlomo wesibeletho, kanye nesibeletho. Ingasusa nezinto ezibangela ukopha, njenge-fibroids nama-polyps.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu ze-Menorrhagia?

Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela yokopha, ubukhali bokopha, impilo yakho, ubudala, kanye nomlando wezokwelapha.

Ngezinye izikhathi, i-menorrhagia iba ngcono ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yezinguquko ezincane zamahomoni noma izimo ezifana nokukhuluphala (i-menorrhagia ivame ukuncipha uma usufinyelele isisindo esinempilo).

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinkinga zakho zempilo nokuthi yini oyilindele ekwelashweni. Angabe esencoma indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza.

Imithi

Odokotela bavame ukunikeza imithi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

• Izithasiselo zensimbi: Buyisela amazinga akho ensimbi.
• Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal (ama-NSAID): Izinto ezifana ne-ibuprofen noma i-aspirin zingasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokunciphisa ukuphuma kwegazi.
• Ukuvimbela inzalo: Amaphilisi, izindandatho zesitho sangasese sowesifazane, ama-patches, nama-IUD kungasiza ekulawuleni ukuya esikhathini nokunciphisa ukopha.
• Ukwelashwa kokushintsha ama-hormone (HRT): Lokhu kungasiza ekulinganiseni amazinga e-estrogen kanye ne-progesterone emzimbeni futhi kunciphise ukopha kokuya esikhathini. Nakuba lokhu kunconywa ngokopha okukhulu ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, kunezingozi, ngakho khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
• Ama-agonist nama-antagonist e-Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH): Lawa angamisa noma anciphise ukopha okwesikhashana.
• Isifutho se-Desmopressin nasal (Stimate®): Sisiza ekumiseni ukopha okuhlobene nesifo se-von Willebrand ngokusiza ekuqhekekeni kwegazi.
• Imithi yokulwa ne-fibrinolytic: Izinto ezifana ne-tranexamic acid ziphula amahlule egazi futhi zivimbele ukopha ngokweqile.

Ukuhlinzwa nezinye izinqubo

Uma imithi ingaziqedi izimpawu, udokotela wakho angase akuncomele ukuhlinzwa. Kuya ngembangela yokopha.

• I-Hysteroscopy: Lokhu kungaxilonga futhi kwelaphe ukuya esikhathini okunzima. Udokotela usebenzisa ipayipi elincane, elikhanyayo ukuze abheke ngaphakathi kwesibeletho. Ngemuva kwalokho, kusetshenziswa amathuluzi okuhlinza ukususa noma yini ebangela ukopha, njenge-polyps.
• Ukwanda kanye nokususwa kwesibeletho (D&C): Inqubo lapho kususwa khona ungqimba olungaphandle lwesibeletho. Lesi zicubu zingathunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze kutholakale imbangela yokopha.
• I-Myomectomy: Ukuhlinzwa kokususa ama-fibroids esibelethweni.
• Ukwakhiwa kwemithambo yesisu (UAE): Inqubo evimbela ukutholakala kwegazi kuma-fibroids kanye nama-tumors.
• Ukususwa kwe-endometrial:Inqubo ebhubhisa lonke noma ingxenye yolwelwesi lwesibeletho.
• Ukususwa kwesibeletho: Ukuhlinzwa kokukhipha isibeletho. Ngemva kwalokhu, ngeke uye esikhathini noma ukhulelwe.

Udokotela wakho uzoncoma ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu ngembangela yokopha kwakho. Ukwelashwa kungaqala ngemithi, bese kuqhubekela phambili ezinqubweni ezincane kanye nokuhlinzwa. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze ukhethe okulungele wena.

Kwenzekani uma i-menorrhagia ingelashwa?

Ukopha ngokweqile kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwegazi , okungaba yingozi kakhulu. Uma ucabanga ukuthi une-menorrhagia, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela bese uthola ukwelashwa.

Ingabe lesi simo (i-Menorrhagia) singaba ngcono?

Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi i-menorrhagia ingaphela ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi lokhu kuyiqiniso yini kuwe. I-Menorrhagia ingaba yesikhashana futhi ibe ngcono ngaphandle kokungenelela kwezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, izikhathi eziningi, kukhona isimo esiyisisekelo esibangela ukuya kwakho esikhathini esinzima. Ungase ungatholi impumuzo esikhathini sakho esinzima kuze kube yilapho leso simo selashwa.

Ingabe ukopha okukhulu kokuya esikhathini kungavinjelwa?

Akuzona zonke izimbangela zokuya esikhathini ezinzima ezingavinjelwa, kodwa ukukhuluma nodokotela ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kungakusiza ukuthi ulawule ukopha kwakho ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Uthini ngokuphila nalesi simo? (Isibikezelo)

Uma kungelashwa, ukuya esikhathini esinzima kungaphazamisa impilo yakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuya esikhathini esinzima kungabangela i-anemia, okungakwenza uzizwe ukhathele futhi ubuthakathaka. Uma kungelashwa, kungavela nezinye izinkinga zempilo. Ngokwelashwa okufanele nokusekelwa kwezokwelapha, ungalawula ukuya esikhathini esinzima ngaphandle kokubeka impilo yakho engcupheni.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela uma usola ukuthi ukopha ngokweqile?

Uma unezimpawu zokuya esikhathini esinzima, ukuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni, noma uma ukuya kwakho esikhathini kuthinta ikhwalithi yempilo yakho, kufanele ubonane nodokotela. Ukulandelela ukuya kwakho esikhathini ekhalendeni noma kuhlelo lokusebenza kungakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi ukuya kwakho esikhathini kunzima yini kunokujwayelekile futhi kuhlala izinsuku eziningana. Bonisa udokotela wakho lawa manothi.

Yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho ubona ukuthi kufanele usebenzise ama-pad amabili ngesikhathi, noma ukuthi uphuthelwa izinto ozijabulelayo ngesikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini.

Ingabe udinga ukuya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Ukuya esikhathini esinzima ngokuvamile akusona ingozi empilweni. Kodwa-ke, uma wopha kakhulu, kungaba yingozi. Uma wopha amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu ngokulandelana, noma uma umanzisa ama-pad noma ama-tampon angaphezu kwamabili ngehora, kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi udinga ukubona udokotela noma ufune ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.

Nakuba ukuya esikhathini esinzima kuvamile, akudingeki ubekezelele ukungakhululeki okubangelwa yiko. Uma ukulawula ukuphuma kwegazi kwakho kuphazamisa inhlalakahle yakho yengqondo neyomzimba, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Angakusiza ukuthola ukwelashwa okuzokulethela impumuzo futhi kukuvumele ukuthi uphile impilo oyifunayo, ngisho nangesikhathi sokuya esikhathini.

Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya

• Ukopha kakhulu kokuya esikhathini (i-menorrhagia) kungaba yisimo esibi kakhulu, ngakho ungabi namahloni noma wesabe, kodwa funa iseluleko sezokwelapha.
• Uma unezimpawu ezihlukile kwezesikhathi sakho esivamile futhi ezibangela ukungakhululeki (isib. ukushintsha ama-pad njalo ngehora, ukopha kakhulu, noma ukuya esikhathini okuhlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-7), ungakuzibi lokho.
• I-anemia iyinkinga enkulu yalesi simo, ngakho-ke qaphela izinto ezinjengobuthakathaka, ukukhathala, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
• Lesi simo singalawulwa kahle ngokuthola imbangela nokuthola ukwelashwa okufanele.
• Awuwedwa, baningi abantu ababhekene nezinkinga ezifanayo. Ngakho-ke ungangabazi ukucela usizo. Impilo yakho iyona nto ebaluleke kakhulu!

I- Menorrhagia, ukopha okukhulu kokuya esikhathini, ukuya esikhathini, impilo yabesifazane, isibeletho, ama-hormone, i-anemia