Ake sifunde ngomuthi iMercaptopurine (6-MP)?

Ingabe udokotela wakho ukunike i-Mercaptopurine noma othile omaziyo? Cishe unemibuzo eminingi mayelana nokuthi lo muthi uyini, wenzani, uwusebenzisa kanjani kahle, nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okudingeka uzithathe. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngakho konke ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Uhlobo luni lomuthi iMercaptopurine?

Kalula nje, i-Mercaptopurine, ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi i-6-MP, iyisidakamizwa esivimbela ukukhula kwamaseli omdlavuza . Ngokuqondile, ingeyesigaba semithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-chemotherapy. Isebenza ngokuvimbela amaseli omdlavuza ukuthi ahlukane futhi akhule ngokushesha kakhulu. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziselwa ukucindezela amasosha omzimba. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha izinhlobo ezithile ze-leukemia ebukhali.

Cabanga ngakho, amangqamuzana emzimbeni wethu ahlala ehlukana futhi ezivuselela. Lokho kuvamile. Kodwa kumdlavuza, amanye amangqamuzana aqala ukuhlukana ngokushesha kakhulu, engalawuleki. I-Mercaptopurine iyasiza ekumiseni lokho kuhlukana kwamangqamuzana okusheshayo nokungalawuleki.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi akunike lo muthi kwesinye isimo. Ngakho-ke uma unemibuzo, kungcono ukubuza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi. Lo muthi ungase ube ngaphansi kwamagama emikhiqizo eminingana, isibonelo, kungenzeka ukuthi uwubonile ubizwa ngokuthi i-PURIXAN.

Yiziphi izinto okudingeka ngizitshele udokotela ngaphambi kokuqala lo muthi?

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha lo muthi, kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho kanye nethimba lakho lokunakekelwa. Lolu lwazi luzobasiza banqume ukuthi lo muthi ukulungele yini nokuthi bangakunika malini. Qiniseka ukuthi ubatshela zonke lezi zinto, akunjalo?

• Uma unesifo sezinso .
• Uma unesifo sesibindi .
• Uma amazinga amangqamuzana egazi lakho ephansi (isibonelo, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi aphansi, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, noma ama-platelet), udokotela wakho uzokuhlola lokhu emibikweni yegazi.
• Uma unesifo esibizwa ngokuthi ukuntuleka kwe-nucleotide diphosphatase (NUDT15) (lesi yisimo sofuzo, udokotela wakho angase akwazi ukwenza isivivinyo esikhethekile ukuze ahlole lokhu).
• Kulungile uma usanda kuthola umuthi wokugoma noma usuzowuthola maduze.
• Uma unesifo esibizwa ngokuthi ukuntuleka kwe-thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) (lokhu futhi kuyisimo sofuzo njenge-NUDT15, futhi kungashintsha nendlela umuthi osebenza ngayo emzimbeni).
• Uma uke waba nokusabela okungavamile kokungezwani komzimba ne-mercaptopurine, omunye umuthi, ukudla, udayi, noma izithasiselo.
• Uma ukhulelwe , kulungile?Uma unethemba lokuba nomntwana , lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Uma ungumama oncelisayo .

Ngiyisebenzisa kanjani ngempela le mithi?

Lokhu kuyi-suspension ephuzwayo. Kufanele uyithathe njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele yona, ngokwemiyalelo eselebula likadokotela.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukushukumisa ibhodlela kahle ngaphambi kokuthatha umuthi . Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi izithako zixutshwe kahle futhi uthola umthamo oqondile owudingayo.

Ukuze ulinganise umuthi, sebenzisa isirinji sokulinganisa esikhethekile esiza nomuthi. Ungalingani ngezipuni zasekhaya noma izipuni, ngoba azikwazi ukulinganisa inani eliqondile. Funda imiyalelo yokusebenzisa ngokucophelela ephaketheni lomuthi. Ichaza izinyathelo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.

Thatha umuthi wakho ngesikhathi esifanele nangezikhathi ezifanele . Ungathathi okungaphezu kwalokho udokotela wakho akutshele kona, noma uwuthathe kaningi. Futhi, ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi wakho ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho . Ukwenza kanjalo kungathinta isimo sakho.

Wenzani uma unikeza izingane lo muthi?

Odokotela banikeza izingane lo muthi kwezinye izimo ezikhethiwe. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto okufanele uziqaphele lapho uwunika izingane. Ngakho-ke, uma unikeza ingane yakho lo muthi, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalokhu ngokucophelela nodokotela wezingane bese ucela iseluleko. Umthamo ungahluka kuye ngesisindo sengane, ukuphakama, kanye nesimo sempilo.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma ngengozi uthatha umuthi omningi kakhulu?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi usuthathe lo muthi omningi kakhulu, shayela isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi noma igumbi lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha . Ungachithi isikhathi. Ungalindi uze ube nezimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile.

Okubalulekile: Lo muthi unikezwe wena kuphela. Ungalokothi uwuhlanganyele nabanye, noma ngabe banezimpawu ezifanayo nezakho.

Wenzani uma uphuthelwa umthamo wemithi?

Uma uphuthelwe umthamo, yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe . Thatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esijwayelekile. Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ubuyisele umthamo ophuthelwe . Ukwenza kanjalo kungandisa umthamo futhi kubangele imiphumela emibi. Uma uvame ukuphuthelwa imithamo, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Ungadinga usizo lokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokukhumbuza.

Yimiphi eminye imithi engahambisani nalo muthi, noma okufanele ithathwe ngokuqapha?

Uma uthatha lo muthi, ungase uhlangane neminye imithi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma uthathwa nalowo muthi, ukusebenza kahle kwalo muthi kungashintsha noma imiphumela emibi inganda.

Ungalokothi uthathe i-Mercaptopurine kanye nemithi elandelayo:

• I-Febuxostat (lo umuthi we-gout)

Le mithi ingasebenzisana ne-mercaptopurine. Ngakho-ke, uma uyisebenzisa, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho:

• I-Allopurinol (lona futhi umuthi we-gout. Uma uwuthatha, kuzodingeka wehlise umthamo wakho we-mercaptopurine)
• Eminye imithi evimbela ukujiya kwegazi, isibonelo i-warfarin
• Eminye imithi esetshenziswa ukwelapha izifo ezifana ne-ulcerative colitis: i-balsalazide, i-olsalazine, i-mesalamine, i-sulfasalazine
• Imithi yokugomela igciwane eliphilayo (isib. isimungumungwane, umphimbo, i-rubella (MMR), umuthi wokugomela i-chickenpox)
• I-Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (lena i-antibiotic evame ukusetshenziswa)

Lolu hlu alufaki zonke izindlela zokusabela ezingase zivele. Ngakho-ke, tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (eyalelwe udokotela noma ethengwa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela), imikhiqizo yamakhambi, amavithamini, kanye nezithasiselo zokudla ozisebenzisayo. Kufanele futhi utshele udokotela wakho uma ubhema, uphuza utshwala, noma usebenzisa ezinye izidakamizwa. Ezinye izinto zingathintana nomuthi wakho.

Yini okufanele uyiqaphele lapho uthatha lo muthi?

Ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile noma ungaphilile kahle kunokujwayelekile ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Lokhu kuvamile ngoba imithi ye-chemotherapy ingathinta namaseli aphilile. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi, tshela udokotela wakho. Kufanele uqhubeke nokuthatha umuthi noma ngabe awukhululekile kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi uyeke .

• Ukopha nokuklwebheka kunganda: Lo muthi ungandisa ingozi yakho yokopha nokuklwebheka. Tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ubona noma yikuphi ukopha okungajwayelekile (isib. ukopha ekhaleni, izinsini), ukuklwebheka kalula, amabala amancane abomvu esikhumbeni sakho, indle emnyama, noma igazi emchameni wakho. Qaphela ukuthi ungazilimazi. Sebenzisa ibhulashi lamazinyo elithambile lapho uxubha amazinyo akho.

• Ingozi Yokutheleleka: Uma uba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukubanda, umphimbo obuhlungu, ikhala eligobhozayo, noma ukukhwehlela, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ungaziniki imithi . Lo muthi unganciphisa ikhono lomzimba wakho lokulwa nezifo. Ngakho-ke, zama ukuhlala kude nabantu abagulayo ngangokunokwenzeka. Qaphela lapho uya ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi. Geza izandla zakho njalo.

• Ukuzwela kwelanga:Isikhumba sakho singase sibe nomuzwa omkhulu elangeni ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Ngakho-ke qaphela ilanga ngangokunokwenzeka. Nciphisa ukukhanya kwelanga okunamandla phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama. Uma uzoba selangeni, gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho kahle, isigqoko esibanzi, kanye ne-sunscreen (i-sunscreen SPF 30 noma ngaphezulu). Ungasebenzisi izibani zelanga noma imibhede/amadokodo okushiswa kwelanga.

• Ingozi yomdlavuza: Kungase kube nengozi encane yokuthola ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza (njengomdlavuza wesikhumba) uma lo muthi uthathwa isikhathi eside. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela elangeni.

• Mayelana nokukhulelwa nokuba nezingane:
• Abesifazane: Ungakhulelwa ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi futhi izinyanga eziyisithupha ngemva kokuyeka umuthi. Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa noma ucabanga ukuthi ungase ukhulelwe, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuvimbela inzalo okufanele.
• Amadoda: Ungazali ingane ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi futhi izinyanga ezi-3 ngemuva kokuyeka umuthi. Qiniseka ukuthi umlingani wakho akakhulelwe. Lo muthi ungabangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu enganeni engakazalwa. Buza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ukuthola ulwazi olwengeziwe.

• Ukuncelisa: Ungamncelisi umntwana wakho ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi futhi isonto lonke ngemva kokuyeka umuthi. Umuthi ungadlulela enganeni ngobisi lwebele.

• Ukuzala: Lo muthi ungathinta ikhono lakho lokuthola abantwana, noma ukuzala. Lokhu kungathinta kokubili amadoda nabesifazane. Uma unenkinga ngalokhu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa ukuze uthole ngezinketho zakho.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona yalo muthi?

Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, i-Mercaptopurine ingaba nemiphumela emibi. Eminye yayo kufanele ibikwe kudokotela wakho ngokushesha, kanti eminye ayibi kangako. Ake sibone ukuthi iyini.

Kufanele utshele udokotela wakho noma uchwepheshe wezempilo ngokushesha okukhulu uma uneminye yale miphumela emibi:

• Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba: Izimpawu ezifana nokuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, amaqhubu, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe nolimi.
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula.
• Ukubalwa kwegazi okuphansi: Lo muthi unganciphisa amangqamuzana akho amhlophe egazi, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, nama-platelet. Lokhu kungandisa ingozi yakho yokutheleleka nokopha. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukubalwa kwegazi lakho njalo.
• Izimpawu zokwehla kwama-platelet noma ukopha:Ukuphuka, ukukhomba amabala abomvu esikhumbeni, umnyama, indle ephuzi, kanye negazi emchameni.
• Izimpawu zamaseli abomvu aphansi: ukukhathala okungavamile, ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka noma ukhathele ngendlela engavamile, ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka noma ukhathazekile, kanye nokuwa.
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka: umkhuhlane noma ukubanda, ukukhwehlela, umphimbo obuhlungu, ubuhlungu noma ubunzima bokuchama.
• Izimpawu zokulimala kwesibindi: umchamo ophuzi omnyama noma onsundu; umuzwa wokugula ojwayelekile noma izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane; indle enombala okhanyayo; ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla; ​​isicanucanu; ubuhlungu besisu esingenhla kwesokudla; ​​ubuthakathaka noma ukukhathala okungajwayelekile; ukuphuzi kwamehlo noma isikhumba.
• Izimpawu zoshukela ophansi egazini: ukuzizwa ukhathazekile; ukudideka; isiyezi; indlala ekhulayo; ubuthakathaka noma ukukhathala okungajwayelekile; ukujuluka; ukuqhaqhazela; ukuzizwa ubanda; ukucasuka; ikhanda elibuhlungu; umbono ofiphele; ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo; ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
• Umphimbo obuhlungu.
• Ukuvuvukala kwesisu.

Imiphumela emibi evame ukungadingi ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha (uma iqhubeka noma ikukhathaza, tshela udokotela wakho):

• Uhudo.
• Ukulahlekelwa izinwele (lokhu kungokwesikhashana, izinwele zizokhula futhi uma umuthi usuyekiwe)
• Izilonda zomlomo. (Buza udokotela wakho nge-mouthwash.)
• Ukuhlanza. (Uma uhlanza, tshela udokotela wakho , kukhona umuthi walokho.)

Lolu hlu alufaki yonke imiphumela emibi engaba khona. Uma ubona noma yini engavamile ngaphezu kwalokhu, sicela uxhumane nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole iseluleko.

Ngingawugcina kanjani lo muthi?

Lomuthi kufanele ugcinwe kude nezingane . Lokho kubaluleke kakhulu.

Gcina umuthi ezingeni lokushisa eliphakathi kwama-degree Celsius angu-15 no-25 (ama-degree Fahrenheit angu-59 no-77) . Lokhu kuyizinga lokushisa elivamile legumbi. Ungagcini endaweni eshisayo noma esiqandisini, ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho akutshele okuhlukile. Gcina ibhodlela livaliwe kahle.

Ibhodlela lemithiNgemva kwamasonto ayisishiyagalombili okusetshenziswa, noma yimuphi umuthi osele kufanele ulahlwe. Ungawusebenzisi. Kuyingozi ukusebenzisa umuthi ophelelwe yisikhathi.

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uyikhumbule ukuthi

Lesi sihloko siyisifinyezo nje se-Mercaptopurine. Kungase kungabi ningi kakhulu. Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalo muthi, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho, usokhemisi, noma omunye uchwepheshe wezempilo. Ungalokothi uthathe noma yimuphi umuthi wedwa ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela . Ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlala uphilile.

Khumbula, awuwedwa. Kukhona odokotela namaqembu ezempilo azokusiza. Ungesabi ukukhuluma nabo ngokukhululekile nganoma yimiphi imibuzo, ukwesaba, noma ukungabaza onakho. Bakhona ukukusiza.

I- Mercaptopurine, i-6-MP, umdlavuza, i-leukemia, i-chemotherapy, imiphumela emibi, imithi