Ingabe nawe unamathambo abuthakathaka? Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwesifo samathambo esibangelwa ukugaya ukudla!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi amathambo akho abuthaka kancane? Mhlawumbe ngisho nokuwa okuncane kungaphula ingalo noma umlenze. Noma uzizwa sengathi ukuphakama kwakho kuyehla njengoba ukhula, futhi umzimba wakho uyagoba kancane kancane? Esinye isizathu esingaba khona ngemuva kwalezi zinto yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi isifo samathambo esishintshashintshayo, esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla. Ake sibheke lokhu ngendlela elula.

Iyini le nkinga ye-Metabolic Bone Disease?

Kalula nje, isifo samathambo esithinta ukusebenza kahle komzimba siyiqembu lezifo ezithinta amandla amathambo akho. Kungenzeka lapho ibhalansi yamaminerali emizimbeni yethu iphazamiseka, kungaba lapho kunezinto eziningi kakhulu noma ezincane kakhulu njenge-calcium, i-phosphorus, noma i-vitamin D. Lokhu kungalingani kwamaminerali kuphazamisa ukuqina kwamathambo, ukukhula, kanye nokuguquka kwamathambo (inqubo lapho izicubu ezintsha zamathambo zithathelwa indawo yizicubu ezindala zamathambo).

Cabanga ngakho, amathambo ethu awawona nje kuphela. Adinga ukuvuselelwa nokuqiniswa njalo. Uma singatholi izakhamzimba ezifanele, noma uma izinto ezifana nezakhi zofuzo noma ukuntuleka kwamavithamini kuthinta ukusebenza kwamaseli emathanjeni ethu, kuzovela ukungalingani kwamaminerali futhi amathambo ethu azoqala ukuba buthaka. Lezi zifo zamathambo ezisebenza ngokushintshashintsha komzimba zingazalwa nazo noma zitholakale.

Yiziphi izibonelo zalezi zifo?

Izifo eziningana ziwela kulesi sigaba sezifo zamathambo ezihambisana nokuguqulwa kwamathambo. Ake sibheke ezimbalwa zazo:

• I-Osteoporosis: Lesi yisifo esivame kakhulu nesiyaziwa kakhulu kulesi sigaba. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingu-200 emhlabeni wonke bahlushwa yilesi sifo. Kalula nje, i-osteoporosis yisimo lapho ubuningi bamathambo ethu, okungukuthi, inani likasawoti wamaminerali ngaphakathi kwamathambo (esikubiza nangokuthi lokhu yi-bone mass), buncipha kancane kancane. Ngemuva kwalokho amathambo aba buthakathaka futhi angaphuka kalula kakhulu. Ngisho noma umuntu ewa kancane, kunethuba elikhulu lokuphuka ingalo noma umlenze.
• I-Osteopenia: Lokhu futhi kuwukwehla kobuningi bamathambo, kodwa akukubi njenge-osteoporosis, futhi kuyisimo esibi kancane.

Kunezinye izinhlobo:

• I-Cushing's syndrome: Lokhu ubuthakathaka bamathambo obubangelwa inkinga ehlobene nama-hormone.
• I-Hypophosphatasia: Lokhu kubangelwa ukuntuleka kwama-enzyme.
• I-Osteogenesis imperfecta: Ebizwa nangokuthi "isifo samathambo abuthakathaka," lesi yisimo esivame ukuba khona lapho kuzalwa. Amathambo aphuka kalula kakhulu.
• I-Osteomalacia kanye ne-Rickets: Lokhu kuwukuthamba kwamathambo. Uma lesi simo senzeka kubantu abadala, sibizwa ngokuthi i-osteomalacia, kanti uma senzeka ezinganeni, sibizwa ngokuthi i-rickets.
• Isifo sikaPaget:Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amathambo ekhula ngendlela engavamile futhi ngokushesha, okubangela ukuba abe buthaka.

Zivame kangakanani lezi zifo?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, ezinye izifo zamathambo ezihambisana nokuguqulwa kwamathambo zivamile kakhulu kunezinye. I-Osteoporosis yiyona evame kakhulu kulezi. Isibonelo, e-United States, cishe abantu abangu-12.6% abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50 banalesi simo.

Kodwa izimo ezifana ne-Osteogenesis imperfecta azivamile. Ngisho nase-United States, lesi sifo sithinta inani elincane labantu, cishe abantu abangu-25,000 kuya ku-50,000. Izimo ezifana ne-Osteomalacia, i-Hypophosphatasia, nesifo sikaPaget nazo azivamile njenge-osteoporosis.

Kungani lezi zifo zamathambo ezihambisana nokuguqulwa kwe-metabolic zenzeka?

Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi amathambo ethu awatholi amaminerali anele. Ngenxa yalokhu kuntuleka kwamaminerali, amathambo aba buthakathaka futhi alimale kancane kancane, okungaholela kulezi zifo. Lokhu kungalingani kwamaminerali kungaba khona lapho kuzalwa, noma kungakhula kamuva.

Imizimba yethu inesimiso esigcina izinto ezifana ne-calcium, i-vitamin D, ne-phosphorus ngobuningi obufanele. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-mineral homeostasis . Izinkinga ziqala lapho lokhu kuphazamiseka. Ngoba amathambo ethu agcina la maminerali, awasebenzisele ukukhulisa amasha, futhi abe namandla.

Yiziphi izinto ezandisa ingozi?

Kunezinto ezithile ezandisa ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo samathambo esihambisana nokuguqulwa kwamathambo. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• Ukuba neminyaka engu-65 noma ngaphezulu.
• Ukubhema.
• Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kusenesikhathi kwenzeka ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-45.
• Ukungatholakali ngokwanele elangeni (ukuntuleka kwevithamini D). Ngisho noma izwe lethu linokukhanya kwelanga okuningi, abanye abantu abatholi ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele. Lokhu kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwevithamini D.
• Ukuba nomzimba omncane (uhlaka oluncane).
• Njengoba ngike ngathola ukwelashwa ngama-hormone omdlavuza webele noma umdlavuza wendlala yesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
• Ukuba ngumuntu ofakelwa isitho.
• Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi yokuvimbela ukuquleka.
• Ukuba nomlando womndeni we-osteoporosis, ikakhulukazi uma umama noma ubaba wakho ene-osteoporosis noma ephuke inqulu, kukubeka engozini enkulu.
• Ukungawuvivinyi umzimba ngokwanele.

Ezinye izinkinga zempilo ezibangela ukuthuthukiswa kwalezi zifo

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zempilo nabo banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo samathambo esishintshashintshayo. Lezi zimo zifaka:

• I-Hyperparathyroidism: Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone ye-parathyroid.
• I-Hypophosphatemia: Amazinga aphansi e-phosphorus egazini.
• Ukuntuleka kwevithamini D.
• Ukuntuleka kwe-calcium.
• Isifo sezinso.
• Inkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala.
• Ukumuncwa okunganele.
• Ukungondleki kahle.

Ziyini izimpawu zalezi zifo?

Izimpawu zalezi zifo zingahluka kusuka kwesinye kuya kwesinye. Ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwesifo. Nazi ezinye izimpawu ezivamile:

• Ukwehla kobude (ukulahlekelwa okungenani i-intshi elilodwa).
• Ukuphuka kwamathambo njalo. Ngisho nokuwa okuncane noma ingozi kungabangela ukuphuka kwamathambo.
• Ukushintsha kwendlela yokuma (ukugoba phambili, ukuma okugobile).
• Ubunzima bokuhamba.
• Ubuhlungu obuphansi emhlane.
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha.
• Ubuhlungu emathanjeni noma endaweni yesinqe.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amandla okuphefumula ehla ngenxa yokucindezelwa komgogodla.

Kodwa kukhona into eyodwa okufanele uyikhumbule nakanjani. I-Osteoporosis ivame ukuba "yisifo esithule." Lokhu kusho ukuthi ezigabeni zokuqala, amathambo angaba buthaka kancane kancane ngaphakathi ngaphandle kokubangela ubuhlungu noma izimpawu ezinkulu.

Zitholakala kanjani lezi zifo?

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, noma uma unezici eziyingozi, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze akuhlole. Udokotela uzokuxilonga futhi, uma kudingeka, akucele ukuhlolwa okulandelayo:

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Lezi zivivinyo zingahlola amazinga e-calcium, i-phosphorus, kanye ne-vitamin D egazini. Isibonelo, amazinga aphansi e-calcium, i-vitamin D, noma i-phosphorus angaba uphawu lwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-osteomalacia. Ngokufanayo, amazinga aphansi e-alkaline phosphatase kanye namazinga aphezulu e-vitamin B6 egazini kungaba uphawu lwe-hypophosphatasia.

Ama-X-ray

Ama-X-ray asetshenziselwa ukuhlola imifantu kanye nokuqhekeka kwamathambo, okungaba izimpawu zezimo ezifana ne-osteoporosis.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Bone Mineral Density (BMD)

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-DEXA scan noma i-DXA scan . Ilinganisa amandla amathambo akho ezindaweni ezifana nesihlakala sakho, inqulu, nomgogodla. Isebenzisa inani elincane lemisebe, ngakho-ke akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Ngokuvamile, njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela, kungumqondo omuhle ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-BMD uneminyaka engu-65 kwabesifazane kanye neminyaka engu-70 kwabesilisa. Kodwa-ke, uma usengozini enkulu yokulahlekelwa amathambo nokuqhekeka, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi wenze lokhu kuskena kusenesikhathi.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha lokhu?

Yebo, kukhona ukwelashwa kwalezi zifo zamathambo ezihambisana nokuguqulwa kwamathambo.Ukwelashwa okukulungele kuzoncika embangela eyinhloko yesimo sakho. Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha:

• Amavithamini kanye nezithako zokudla okunempilo: Lokhu kunikezwa, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ukuntuleka kwe-calcium ne-vitamin D.
• Ama-Anabolic agents: Le yimithi eyakha amathambo amasha futhi iwaqinise.
• Ama-Bisphosphonates: Le yimithi enciphisa ukulahleka kwamathambo.
• Imijovo ye-Denosumab.
• Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone: Kunezimo lapho kusetshenziswa ama-hormone afana ne-testosterone, i-calcitonin, ne-estrogen.
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuzivocavoca kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukuqinisa imisipha, ukuthuthukisa ibhalansi, nokwenza ukuhamba kube lula.
• Ukuzivocavoca okuthwala isisindo: Izinto ezifana nokuhamba, ukugijima, njll.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kaningi, ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka into eyinkimbinkimbi, njengokuphuka kwethambo.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Eminye imithi ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, kuya ngohlobo lomuthi osetshenziswayo. Eminye yemiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa:

• Izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Isilungulela.
• Imiphumela ekusebenzeni kwezinso.
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha.
• Ukubomvu kwesikhumba, ukoma, ukulunywa.
• Ukwanda kobuhlungu emathanjeni (ezigabeni zokuqala).

Lolu hlu aluphelele. Uma ubona noma yini engavamile noma unezimpawu ezintsha ngesikhathi uthola ukwelashwa, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho nakanjani.

Ngingalindela ukululama ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Abantu abaningi baqala ukuzwa ukuthuthuka okuthile emandleni abo ngokushesha nje ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi inqwaba yamathambo ikhule futhi kwakheke amathambo amasha, anempilo. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi yini ongayilindela, kuye ngesimo sakho.

Kwenzekani uma nginalolu hlobo lwesifo samathambo?

Uma kutholakala ukuthi unesifo samathambo esithinta umzimba njenge-osteoporosis noma i-osteomalacia, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza uhlelo lokwelashwa olukufanele. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi imithi, izithasiselo zokudla okunempilo, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, kanye, okungajwayelekile, nokuhlinzwa. Kungathatha isikhathi ukuzizwa ungcono ngemva kokuqala kokwelashwa. Kodwa ngokwelashwa okufanele, amathambo akho azoqala ukuqina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Iyini inhloso yalezi zimo?

Ngokwelashwa okufanele, amathuba alezi zifo zamathambo ezihambisana nokuguqulwa kwamathambo ngokuvamile amahle.Uma kwelashwa ngesikhathi, kungasiza ekwakheni kabusha amathambo akho futhi kulawule ukulahlekelwa amathambo. Lokhu kunganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuphuka kwamathambo futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho.

Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yokuthola lezi zifo?

Ngenxa yokuthi ezinye izifo zamathambo ezihambisana nokwakheka komzimba zinethonya lezakhi zofuzo, zingase zingavinjelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi yethu:

• Thola ukuhlolwa kokuvimbela izifo ezifana ne-osteoporosis ngezikhathi ezithile.
• Uma ubhema, yeka.
• Uma uphuza utshwala, bunciphise.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo.
• Yidla ukudla okucebile nge-calcium kanye ne-vitamin D (ubisi, ushizi, iyogathi, imifino eluhlaza, inhlanzi encane).
• Buza udokotela wakho ngezithako zokudla ezingasiza ukugcina amathambo akho ephilile.

Ngingazinakekela kanjani ngalolu hlobo lwesifo?

Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kokuvimbela kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuwa, njengoba kwandisa ingozi yokuphuka kwamathambo. Ungenza izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Funda ngamasu okuvimbela ukuwa.
• Thola izingozi zokuwa ezingaba khona ekhaya lakho bese wenza izinguquko ezidingekayo (isibonelo, ukubeka omata ezindaweni ezishelelayo, ukufaka imigoqo yokubambelela endlini yokugezela).
• Xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze uhlole ubungozi bakho bokuwa, futhi uma kudingeka, thola amadivayisi okusiza ukuze ukwazi ukuhamba.

Ingabe lezi zifo zamathambo ezihambisana nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zomzimba ziyingozi?

Uma zingatholakali futhi zelashwe ngokushesha, izifo eziningi zamathambo ezihambisana nokuguqulwa kwamathambo zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Ezinye zingaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila. Isibonelo, i-osteoporosis yandisa ingozi yokuphuka kwamathambo. Izimo ezifana ne-Cushing's syndrome zingaba yingozi uma zingelashwa.

Ngakho-ke, isifo samathambo esithinta umzimba siyiqembu lezimo ezithinta ubukhulu bamathambo, ukuguquka kwamathambo, kanye nokukhula kwamathambo. Ezinye zivame kakhulu kunezinye, kodwa zonke zithinta impilo yamathambo akho. Kodwa khumbula, ngokuxilongwa okufanele kanye nokwelashwa, ungaphila impilo esebenzayo neyanelisayo. Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngalezi zimpawu, uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa, noma umbono wakho, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Angakusiza.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto okudingeka sizikhumbule kukho konke lokhu?

Kulungile, ngakho-ke ngithemba ukuthi usunokuqonda okungcono ngezifo zamathambo ezithinta umzimba esikhulume ngazo namuhla. Ngamafuphi:

• Nakekela impilo yamathambo akho. Amathambo aqinile abalulekile ukuze ube nempilo enhle.
• Izifo zamathambo ezihambisana nokwakheka kwezicubu zomzimba yizimo ezenza amathambo abe buthaka futhi anciphise amandla awo.
• Ukungalingani kwamaminerali (ikakhulukazi i-calcium, i-vitamin D, ne-phosphorus) kuyimbangela enkulu yalokhu.
• Izinto ezifana nobudala, indlela yokuphila, kanye nomlando womndeni zingandisa ingozi.
• Ezinye izifo, njenge-osteoporosis, zingase zingabonisi zimpawu ekuqaleni, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuhlolwa uma unezici eziyingozi.
• Kunezindlela zokuxilonga nokwelapha lezi zifo. Ngakho-ke, uma unezimpawu, ungalibali ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
• Ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila, lezi zimo zingaphathwa kahle futhi ziphile impilo enhle.

Nakekela amathambo akho! Ngoba amathambo anempilo angamandla akunika inkululeko nenjabulo yokuphila impilo ekhululekile nejabulisayo.

Isifo Samathambo Esishintsha Umzimba, I-Osteoporosis, Ubuthakathaka Bamathambo, I-Calcium, I-Vitamin D, Ubuningi Bamathambo, Ukuqhekeka Kwamathambo