Kukangaki uzwa igama elithi 'Metabolism'? Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa othile ethi, "O, imetabolism yami ihamba kancane, ngakho-ke ngikhuluphele." Noma kungenzeka ukuthi uke wacabanga, "Unenhlanhla, unemetabolism esheshayo, ngakho akakhuluphali." Kuyini ngempela imetabolism? Ingabe kuthinta isisindo somzimba kuphela? Ake sixoxe ngakho namuhla ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-Metabolism?
Cabanga ngomzimba wakho njengenjini emotweni. Njengoba nje udinga uphethiloli ukuze ugijime imoto yakho, ukhanyise izibani, futhi uvule i-AC, umzimba wakho udinga amandla ukuze usebenze. I-Metabolism inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yamakhemikhali eguqula ukudla okudlayo kube amandla. Lokhu kwenzeka kuwo wonke amaseli emzimbeni wakho, njalo ngomzuzwana. Lawa mandla yiwo akuvumela ukuthi uphefumule, uhambe, ucabange, futhi ululame ekuguleni. Akukhona lokho kuphela, futhi kugcina inhliziyo yakho ishaya futhi izinga lokushisa lomzimba wakho lilawulwa ngisho nalapho ulele.
Uma sikhuluma nge-metabolism, sivame ukucabanga kuphela ngokushisa amakhalori avela ekudleni. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi izinga lakho le-metabolic, noma "Izinga Le-Metabolic." Lakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko.
| Indlela amandla asetshenziswa ngayo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Izinga Lokusebenza Kwe-Basal Metabolic (BMR) | Inani lamandla umzimba wakho owasebenzisayo ezintweni eziyisisekelo njengokugcina inhliziyo yakho ishaya futhi iphefumula, noma ngabe ungenzi lutho, uphumule nje. |
| Umphumela Wokushisa Wokudla | Amandla adingekayo ukugaya ukudla okudlayo nokumunca izakhamzimba ezikuqukethe. |
| Imisebenzi Yomzimba | Amandla owasebenzisa kukho konke okwenzayo, njengokuhamba, ukugijima, ukuzivocavoca, kanye nokwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya. |
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi i-metabolism yinto esingayishintsha kalula futhi silawule isisindo sethu. Kodwa iqiniso liyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Luhlelo olumangalisayo oluthinta impilo yakho iyonke.
Yiziphi izinto eziyinhloko ezenzeka emzimbeni ngenxa ye-metabolism?
I-metabolism yakho ayipheli. Isebenza ngisho nalapho ulele. Nazi ezinye zezinto eziyinhloko ezenzekayo:
- Ukuphefumula.
- Ukugeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wonke.
- Ukugaya ukudla.
- Ukudala amangqamuzana amasha emzimbeni nokulungisa amangqamuzana alimele.
- Ukulawula amazinga ama-hormone.
- Ukugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba lingaguquguquki.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi i-metabolism yakho ayisebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi "ngesivinini" esifanayo. Iyazi ukuthi ingashintsha kanjani inani lamandla eliwasebenzisayo ukuze livumelane nezimo ezahlukene, njengalapho udla, lapho uzila ukudla, lapho uzivocavoca, lapho ugula, kanye nalapho ukhulelwe.
I-Anabolism kanye ne-Catabolism: Indawo Yokusebenzela Umzimba
Kunezinqubo ezimbili eziyinhloko ekusetshenzisweni kwe-metabolism. Cabanga ngakho njenge-workshop enkulu.
1. I-Catabolism: Ukubhidlizwa kwezinto
Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlukanisa izakhamzimba ezinkulu (ama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni, amafutha) ekudleni okudlayo kube yizicucu ezincane ezingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza amandla. Kufana nokuphula ugodo olukhulu lube yizicucu ezincane bese ulufaka esitovini.
- Ama-carbohydrate aguqulwa abe yi-glucose, okuyishukela egazini lethu.
- Amaprotheni ahlukaniswa abe ama-amino acid.
- Amafutha ahlukaniswa abe ama-fatty acid.
2. I-Anabolism: Ukwakha izinto
Lolu olunye uhlangothi lwe-catabolism. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi umzimba usebenzisa lezo zingcezu eziphukile ukwakha izinto ezintsha nezinkulu. Kufana nokuhlanganisa izitini ezincane ukwakha udonga olukhulu.
- Uma uthola ukulimala, le nqubo idala amangqamuzana amasha okukwelapha.
- Lokhu kubalulekile ekukhuleni kwamathambo nasekukhuleni kwemisipha.
Buyini ubudlelwano bangempela phakathi kwe-metabolism kanye nesisindo somzimba?
Lena inkinga enkulu abantu abaningi abanayo. Isisho esithi, "Ngikhuluphala ngoba i-metabolism yami ihamba kancane" asilona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Ezimweni eziningi, i-metabolism akuyona yodwa imbangela yokukhuluphala noma ukwehla kwesisindo.
Kalula nje, uma umzimba wakho uthatha amandla amaningi (amakhalori) ekudleni kunalawo owasebenzisa ngosuku, lawo mandla engeziwe agcinwa njengamafutha omzimba. Lokho kusho ukuthi uthola isisindo. Uma uthatha amandla amancane ekudleni kunalawo owasebenzisayo, umzimba wakho uqala ukusebenzisa amandla (amafutha) agcinwe kuwo. Yilapho-ke unciphisa isisindo khona.
Nakuba indlela umzimba wakho osebenza ngayo ithonya le nqubo, akuyona yodwa into ebangela lokhu. Kunezinye izinto eziningi ezithinta le nqubo, okuhlanganisa lokho okudlayo, izinga lomsebenzi wakho, ukulala, kanye nama-hormone.
Kuyini i-Metabolism 'Esheshayo' kanye 'Nehamba Kancane'?
- I-Metabolism Esheshayo: Uma i-'BMR' yomuntu, okungukuthi, inani lamakhalori ashisiwe emile nje, liphezulu, sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-metabolism esheshayo'.
- I-Slow Metabolism: Uma i-'BMR' yomuntu iphansi, ibizwa ngokuthi 'i-slow metabolism'.
Kodwa khumbula, ukuthi nje indlela umzimba womuntu osebenza ngayo ishesha akusho ukuthi unciphile. Futhi ukuthi kuhamba kancane akusho ukuthi ukhuluphele.
Ingabe izinkinga ze-metabolic zingaba khona?
Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba namaphutha athile kule nqubo eyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene.
| Isizathu | Ngokwesibonelo... |
|---|---|
| Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo | Ukuntuleka kwevithamini D kungaholela ekunciphiseni ukumuncwa kwe-calcium kanye nokuba buthakathaka kwamathambo. Ukuntuleka kwe-iron kungaholela ekulahlekelweni yigazi. |
| Ukungalingani kwamakhalori | Ukudla okuncane kakhulu isikhathi eside kakhulu kunganciphisa ijubane lokugaya ukudla kwakho. Ukudla okuningi kakhulu kungaholela ekukhuluphaleni. |
| Ukushoda kwama-enzyme | Kwezinye izifo zokuzalwa (isib. i-Phenylketonuria - i-PKU), umzimba ungase untule ama-enzyme adingekayo ukuze uphule amaprotheni athile. |
| Ukungalingani kwama-hormone | Izifo ze-thyroid zingabangela ukuthi i-metabolism yehle kancane (i-hypothyroidism) noma isheshise (i-hyperthyroidism). |
| Imithi, izidakamizwa kanye nobuthi | Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi efana ne-corticosteroids kungabangela ukukhuluphala. Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile kungathinta ukusebenza kwesibindi. |
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zalesi sifo:
- Izinkinga ze-metabolic ezitholakale: Lokhu kukhula kamuva empilweni. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Izibonelo:
- Isifo sikashukela - (Lesi yisifo esivame kakhulu se-metabolic)
- Izifo ze-thyroid
- Ukukhuluphala kanye nokukhuluphala okungaphansi kwesisindo
- Ukumelana ne-insulin
- Izinkinga ze-metabolic ezizuzwe njengefa: Lezi yizifo ezingavamile ezibangelwa ukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo. Izibonelo:
- Izifo zokugcina i-Glycogen
- Isifo sikaWilson
- Isifo sikaTay-Sachs
Yini engingayenza ukuze ngilondoloze imetabolism enempilo?
Izinga lakho le-basal metabolic (BMR) livame ukuba nzima kuwe ukulilawula. Kuncike ezintweni ezifana neminyaka yakho, ubulili, kanye nezakhi zofuzo. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuze ugcine i-metabolism yakho iyonke iphilile futhi isekelwe.
- Yidla ukudla okulinganiselayo ngesikhathi: Ungayeki ukudla kwakho okuyinhloko. Ukwenza kanjalo kunganciphisa ijubane lokugaya ukudla kwakho.
- Khetha ukudla okunomsoco: Khetha ukudla okucebile ngezithelo ezintsha, imifino, amaprotheni angenamafutha amaningi (inhlanzi, inkukhu), ubhontshisi, namafutha anempilo.
- Hlala umatasa: Ukuzivocavoca, ikakhulukazi ukuqeqesha amandla, njengokuphakamisa izinsimbi. Imisipha ishisa amakhalori amaningi kunamafutha, ngisho noma umile nje.
- Lala ngokwanele: Ukulala ngokwanele, okunekhwalithi ephezulu kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwakho kwe-metabolism. Ukungalali ngokwanele kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwama-hormone futhi kunciphise ukusebenza kahle kokusebenzisa kwakho amandla.
- Phuza amanzi anele: Amanzi abalulekile ukuze izinqubo zomzimba ze-metabolism zisebenze kahle. Ngisho nokuntuleka kwamanzi okuncane emzimbeni kunganciphisa ijubane le-metabolism.
- Ungalawuli ukudla kwakho ngokunganaki: Ukudla okunamandla okunciphisa kakhulu inani lokudla okudlayo kuzonciphisa ijubane lokugaya ukudla kwakho.
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi i-metabolism yami iphilile?
Asikwazi ukusho nje ukuthi, "Nginomuzwa wokuthi i-metabolism yami iyehla." Lokho kungatholakala kuphela ngokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubili okuyinhloko odokotela abakusebenzisayo ukuze bathole ibhalansi yamakhemikhali emzimbeni wakho kanye ne-metabolism yi-Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP) kanye ne-Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP).
Uma ukhathazekile ngesisindo sakho, ukukhathala okuqhubekayo, noma ezinye izimpawu ezingachazeki, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Ungazami ukuzelapha ngokusekelwe kulokho okufunda ku-inthanethi. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo uma kudingeka futhi akunike ukuqonda okucacile ngempilo yakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukugaya ukudla akugcini nje ngokuphathelene nesisindo. Kuyisimiso esimangalisayo esinika amandla umzimba wakho futhi silawule amandla.
- Awukwazi ukushintsha kalula izinga lakho le-basal metabolic (BMR), kodwa ungasekela i-metabolism yakho iyonke ngendlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Esikhathini esiningi, isisindo somzimba sincike ekubaleni phakathi kwenani lamandla (amakhalori) owatholayo kanye nenani lamandla owasebenzisayo.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-metabolism yakho noma izinguquko zesisindo ezingachazeki noma ukukhathala, ungaqageli futhi ufune iseluleko kudokotela oqeqeshiwe.
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