Ngezinye izikhathi singase sibe nobuhlungu obukhulu nobungapheli obungenakulawuleka ngemithi yokubulala izinhlungu evamile. Noma, abanye abantu, ngenxa yokungazi noma ezinye izizathu, baba umlutha wezidakamizwa futhi bahlupheke kakhulu ngoba abakwazi ukuziqeda. Ezimweni ezinjalo, umuthi okhethekile onikezwe odokotela ubizwa ngokuthi iMethadone. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalo muthi, umsebenzi wawo, izinto okufanele uziqaphele ngenkathi uwusebenzisa, kanye nakho konke mayelana nemiphumela yawo emibi.
Iyini iMethadone? Yenzani?
Kalula nje, i-Methadone iyisidakamizwa esinamandla esisetshenziselwa izinjongo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Iyingxenye yeqembu lezidakamizwa elibizwa ngokuthi 'ama-opioid'.
1. Ukulawula ubuhlungu obukhulu nobungapheli: Uma ungakwazi ukubekezelela ezinye izidakamizwa zobuhlungu, noma uma zingalawuli ubuhlungu bakho, odokotela bangase bakunike lo muthi. Usebenza ngokuvimbela izimpawu zobuhlungu ebuchosheni, unciphise ubuhlungu obuzwayo.
2. Njengokwelashwa kokulutheka kwe-opioid: Uma umuntu oluthekile ezidakamizweni ezifana ne-heroin eyeka ukuzisebenzisa, umzimba uba nezimpawu zokuhoxa kanye nezifiso zokuphinda usebenzise lesi sidakamizwa. I-Methadone iyasiza ekunciphiseni lezo zimpawu kanye nezifiso futhi isiza umuntu ukuthi abuyele empilweni engcono. Kodwa-ke, ukuze lokhu kwelashwa kuphumelele, kubalulekile ukuthatha lo muthi kanye nokwelulekwa kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha .
Izinto okufanele uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha imithi
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukuthatha i-methadone, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha onazo, njengoba lolu lwazi luzonquma umthamo kanye nezinye izici ezizothinta ukwelashwa kwakho.
| Uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho: | |
|---|---|
| Izinkinga ezihlobene nohlelo lwezinzwa | Izimila zobuchopho, ukulimala ekhanda, ukuxhuzula |
| Umlando wokulutha | Ukulutheka kwezinye izidakamizwa noma utshwala, ukuphuza utshwala njalo |
| Inhliziyo nomfutho wegazi | Isifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophansi |
| Uhlelo lokuphefumula | Isifo samaphaphu, i-asthma, noma ezinye izinkinga zokuphefumula |
| Ezinye izimo zomzimba | Isifo sezinso, isifo sesibindi, isifo se-thyroid, ukusebenza okuphansi kwe-adrenal gland, izinkinga zamathumbu noma zesisu |
| Impilo yengqondo | Noma yisiphi isifo sengqondo |
| Ukusetshenziswa kweminye imithi | Uma uke wathatha imithi ye-MAOI (isib. iMarplan, iNardil) ezinsukwini eziyi-14 ezedlule |
| Imicimbi ekhethekile | Uma uzama ukukhulelwa, ukhulelwe, noma ungumama oncelisayo |
| Ukungezwani komzimba | Uma une-allergy ku-methadone, eminye imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu ze-opioid, eminye imithi, ukudla, izithasiselo, noma imibala |
Ngiyisebenzisa kanjani ngempela le mithi?
Lona umuthi oza ngesimo sesisombululo. Ngakho-ke, khumbula le miyalelo ngokucophelela.
- Kala kahle: Kala umthamo oqondile oshiwo udokotela wakho, usebenzisa isipuni noma inkomishi ekhethekile enikezwe leyo njongo. Ungasebenzisi izipuni noma izipuni zasekhaya.Izilinganiso zabo azinembile.
- Ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla?: Lo muthi ungathathwa nokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Kodwa-ke, uma uzwa ubuhlungu besisu, thatha nokudla.
- Ukuxuba: Uma uthanda, ungaxuba umuthi ube yijusi yezithelo noma ukudla bese uwuthatha ngokushesha. Kodwa ungagcini ukudla noma isiphuzo esinomuthi ukuze uyisebenzise kamuva .
- Yithathe ngesikhathi: Thatha umthamo owunikeziwe ngesikhathi owunikeziwe. Ungathathi okungaphezu kwalokho udokotela wakho akutshele khona.
- Ungayeki ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo: Ungayeki ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu.
Okubalulekile: Kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile lapho usebenzisa lo muthi ezinganeni. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Hawu! Wenzani uma uphuthelwa umthamo wemithi?
Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esihleliwe. Ungalokothi uthathe umthamo ophindwe kabili.
Kuthiwani uma ngiphuza umuthi omningi kakhulu? (Ukudlula umthamo)
Uma ucabanga ukuthi uthathe umuthi omningi kakhulu, shayela ngokushesha i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital, noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze. Lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni.
Eminye imithi esebenzisana ne-Methadone (Ukusebenzisana Kwezidakamizwa)
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. I-Methadone iyisidakamizwa esingasebenzisana neminye imithi eminingi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (eyalelwe udokotela, ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, imithi yesintu, amavithamini).
| Imithi okungafanele ithathwe ne-Methadone | |
|---|---|
| Eminye imithi yokwelapha izifo zesikhunta | Isibonelo: i-itraconazole, i-ketoconazole, i-voriconazole |
| Eminye imithi yokwelapha izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo | Isibonelo: i-dronedarone, i-quinidine |
| Eminye imithi | I-Cisapride, i-Pimozide, i-Thioridazine, i-Rasagiline, i-Selegiline |
| Eminye imithi nezinto ezingase zihlangane ne-Methadone | |
Utshwala, ama-antihistamine, imithi ye-HIV/AIDS, eminye imithi yokulwa namagciwane, ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, noma ukulala, imithi yokuxhuzula, eminye imithi yomdlavuza, eminye imithi yokuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo, imithi esetshenziselwa ukuthulisa noma ukukhulula imisipha ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, kanye neminye imithi yokubulala izinhlungu ye-opioid. | |
Izinto okufanele uziqaphele lapho uthatha umuthi
- Ukuvakashelwa udokotela: Vakashela udokotela wakho ngezinsuku ezihleliwe ukuze uhlole inqubekela phambili yokwelashwa kwakho.
- Ukozela kanye nokuphaphama: Lo muthi ungakwenza uzizwe ulele futhi unesiyezi. Unganciphisa nekhono lakho lokugxilisa ingqondo nokwenza izinqumo. Ungashayeli noma usebenzise imishini uze wazi ukuthi lo muthi uthinta kanjani wena. Ukuphuza utshwala kungenza lesi simo sibe sibi kakhulu.
- Qaphela i-Naloxone: I-Naloxone iwumuthi ophuthumayo osindisa impilo onikezwa uma kwenzeka ukudlula ngokweqile kwe-opioid. Kungabaluleka ukuthi umuntu othatha i-methadone abe nayo futhi amalungu omndeni azi ukuthi ayisebenzise kanjani. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
- Ukuqunjelwa: Ukuqunjelwa kuvame kakhulu kulo muthi. Uma ungenawo umgudu wokuhamba kwamathumbu ngemva kwezinsuku ezintathu, shayela udokotela wakho.
- Umlomo owomile: Umlomo owomile nawo uvamile. Lokhu kungalawulwa ngokuhlafuna itshungama engenashukela, ukumunca amaswidi, nokuphuza amanzi amaningi.
- Ukukhulelwa: Tshela udokotela wakho uma uhlela ukukhulelwa, noma uma usuvele ukhulelwe. Ukuthatha lo muthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungabangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu kokuzalwa kwengane yakho.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona yomuthi?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, i-methadone ingabangela imiphumela emibi.
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu okufanele ibikwe kudokotela ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Ukungezwani komzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi noma umphimbo. |
| Ukucindezeleka kwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi (ukucindezeleka kwe-CNS) | Ukuphefumula kancane noma kancane, ukozela ngokweqile, ukudideka, kanye nokulala okungenakuvuswa. |
| Izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile, isiyezi, ubuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophansi | Ukuzungeza, ukubona okufiphele, ukuquleka. |
| Imiphumela emibi evame ukungabi mibi kakhulu, kodwa okufanele ibikwe kudokotela uma iqhubeka | |
Ukuqunjelwa, isiyezi, ukozela, umlomo owomile, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza. | |
Ungayigcina kanjani imithi iphephile?
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu: Lo muthi ungasetshenziswa kabi. Ungabulala futhi uma ungena ezandleni zomunye umuntu omdala, ingane, noma isilwane esifuywayo.
- Gcina kude nezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo.
- Yigcine endaweni ephephile ukuze uyivikele ekwebiweni.
- Unganiki abanye lo muthi nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Ukwenza kanjalo kuyicala elijeziswayo futhi kuyisenzo esiyingozi kakhulu.
- Gcina ekamelweni lokushisa, kude nokukhanya nomswakama, futhi ugcine isivalo sebhodlela sivaliwe kahle.
- Ungasebenzisi ngemva kosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungawulahla kanjani kahle umuthi osele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Methadone umuthi onamandla osetshenziselwa ukwelapha ubuhlungu obukhulu kanye nokulutha kwe-opioid. Kufanele utholakale kuphela ngomuthi kadokotela.
- Kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo kanye nazo zonke izimo zezokwelapha onazo.
- Gwema ukushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini eyingozi njengoba kungase kube nobuthongo ngenkathi uthatha umuthi. Gwema ukuphuza utshwala.
- Uma usola ukuthi uphuze ngokweqile, hamba uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Ungalokothi wabelane ngalo muthi nabanye. Gcina endaweni ephephile kude nezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo.
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