Wake wazibuza ukuthi umthambo wegazi noma inzwa, encane kangangokuthi asikwazi ngisho nokuyibona ngamehlo ethu, ingaxhunywa kabusha uma inqanyuliwe? Kungenziwa ngempela. Lobo buchwepheshe obumangalisayo kwezokwelapha yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'ukuhlinzwa okuncane.' Namuhla sikhuluma ngalobu buchwepheshe obukhulu.
Kuyini ukuhlinzwa okuncane?
Kalula nje, ukuhlinzwa okuncane kuyindlela ekhethekile yokuhlinzwa esebenzisa i-microscope enamandla amakhulu kanye namathuluzi abucayi kakhulu, akhethekile okulungisa noma ukwakha kabusha izingxenye ezincane kakhulu zemizimba yethu. Ngokukhethekile, le ndlela ilungisa izingxenye ezincane kakhulu zemizimba yethu, njengemithambo yegazi kanye nemizwa .
Umgomo oyinhloko lapha ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwesitho somzimba esingasebenzi kahle ngenxa yengozi, umdlavuza, noma esinye isizathu. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezimo ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlinzwa okuncane?
Lokhu akusikho ukuhlinzwa okusetshenziselwa yonke into. Kusetshenziselwa umsebenzi obucayi kakhulu ongenakukwenziwa ngokuhlinzwa okuvamile. Cabanga nje, umunwe wanqunywa engozini enkulu. Ukuhlinzwa okuncane kungaphinde kuxhume imithambo yegazi emincane kanye nemizwa kulowo munwe bese kubuyisela lowo munwe ekuphileni. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezivame kakhulu lapho lokhu kusetshenziswa khona.
| Ithuba lokusebenzisa | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izingozi noma ukulimala okukhulu (Ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzimba) | Ukufakelwa kabusha izingxenye zomzimba ezinqunyiwe (isib. iminwe, izandla, izindlebe). Ukulungiswa kwemizwa nemithambo yegazi eyonakele. |
| Imiphumela yomdlavuza | Ukwakhiwa kabusha kuhilela ukufakelwa izicubu (i-free flap) kusuka kwenye ingxenye yomzimba ukuze kufakwe izicubu ezisusiwe ngenxa yomdlavuza (isib. ulimi, umhlathi, ibele). |
| Ukulungiswa kwesistimu ye-lymphatic | Ukwelapha izimo ezifana ne-lymphedema ebangelwa ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe. |
| Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa | Ukulungisa amaphutha athile angokomzimba akhona ekuzalweni (isib., ukukhubazeka ezingalweni noma emilenzeni). |
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Uma unquma ukwenza ukuhlinzwa okuncane, kuzodingeka uqale uhlangane nodokotela wakho ukuze akubonise. Udokotela uzoxoxa ngesimo sakho sezokwelapha kanye nalokho okulindele ekuhlinzweni. Angase futhi athathe izithombe zendawo yomzimba wakho ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze aqhathanise imiphumela.
Udokotela uzophinde akuchazele izingozi kanye nemiphumela engemihle engaba khona yalokhu kuhlinzwa. Uzothola neziqondiso zokuthi ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlinzwa nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuhlinzwa, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela ngokushesha. Leso isikhathi esihle kakhulu.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Uma wenza ukuhlinzwa okuncane, ufakwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ulele ngokuphelele. Ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa esibhedlela.
Yonke inqubo yokuhlinzwa okuncane ihlukile. Kuye ngokuthi udokotela wakho kufanele enzeni. Isibonelo, cabanga ngokudluliselwa kwezicubu. Cabanga ukuthi ingxenye yomhlathi wakho isusiwe ngenxa yomdlavuza. Udokotela uthatha ucezu lwezicubu (i-flap) engxenyeni enempilo yomzimba wakho (njengomlenze wakho noma umhlane) kanye nemithambo yegazi edingekayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, izicubu zibekwa endaweni engenalutho emhlathini futhi, ngaphansi kwe-microscope, imithambo yegazi ixhunywe ngokucophelela. Lapho inqubo isiqediwe, ukusikwa kuvalwa ngezithungo ezincibilikayo noma ezisuswayo.
Kuyini 'i-flap'?
Leli igama lobuchwepheshe, kodwa ake ngikubeke kalula. 'I-free flap' ingcezu yezicubu enokuhlinzekwa kwegazi kwayo. Ithathwa engxenyeni ethile yomzimba wakho (indawo yabanikeli) bese isetshenziselwa ukuyifakela kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho edinga izicubu. Ngenxa yokuthi ifakelwa ngokuhlinzekwa kwegazi okufanayo, izicubu ziqala ukukhula endaweni entsha. Uyaqonda?
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ukunakekelwa okutholayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa kuzohluka kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa okwenzile. Isibonelo, uma uke wafakelwa i-flap, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizobheka izicubu ezifakelwe eduze kakhulu. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imithambo yegazi esanda kufakelwa isebenza kahle. Amahora okuqala angu-24 abaluleke kakhulu kulokhu.
Kungathatha izinyanga eziningana ukuthi umzimba wakho ululame ngokuphelele futhi ubone imiphumela ephelele yokuhlinzwa kwakho. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ahlole ukuthi uyalulama yini. Ungase ungakwazi ukushayela, ukusebenza, noma ukuya esikoleni ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zokuhlinzwa okuncane?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, ukuhlinzwa okuncane kunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngalokhu ngaphambi kwenqubo.
Inzuzo enkulu ukuthi ingavuselela izingxenye zomzimba ezingasebenzi kahle futhi ibuyisele umsebenzi wazo.
| Ingozi/inkinga engaba khona | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuphulukiswa okungalingani | Indawo yokuhlinza ibukeka ihlukile kolunye uhlangothi. |
| Ukopha | Ukopha ngokweqile endaweni yokuhlinzwa. |
| Ukutheleleka, ubuhlungu, nokuvuvukala | Ukutheleleka kwendawo yokusikwa, ubuhlungu obungalindelekile noma ukuvuvukala. |
| Ukuba ndikindiki | Ukukhala endaweni yokuhlinzwa noma eduze kwayo. |
| Izibazi | Izibazi ezishiywe ngemuva ngokusikwa ngokuhlinzwa. |
| Ukulahlekelwa kwezicubu / i-Necrosis | Kukhona ingozi encane kakhulu yokuthi ukuphakelwa kwegazi ezicutshini ezitshaliwe kuzophazamiseka futhi izicubu zizofa. |
| Isidingo sokuhlinzwa okwengeziwe | Ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa yezinkinga noma ukuthuthukisa imiphumela, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe. |
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma ubuyela ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kubalulekile ukunaka umzimba wakho. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, noma ubomvu endaweni yokuhlinzwa , kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka. Uma lokhu kwenzeka , bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Futhi, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa okuncane kuyindlela yokwelapha yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, ekhethekile elungisa izingxenye zomzimba ezibucayi kakhulu (imithambo yegazi, imizwa).
- Umgomo oyinhloko ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwezitho zomzimba ezonakele ngenxa yezimbangela ezifana nezingozi noma umdlavuza.
- Njengakuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa, kunezingozi. Xoxa ngalokhu ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Kuthatha isikhathi ukululama ngokugcwele, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu.
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