Isifo semithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu enhliziyweni? Ake sixoxe ngaso (Isifo Senhliziyo Esincane)

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ubuhlungu obungavamile noma umuzwa wokuqina esifubeni sakho? Uma lokho kwenzeka, siyesaba bese siya kudokotela. Ngisho nangemva kokwenza izivivinyo ezifana ne-ECG kanye ne-scan, udokotela uthi, "Akukho ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi emikhulu yenhliziyo." Bese singacabanga, "Pho kungani lokhu kubuhlungu esifubeni?" Eqinisweni, ngezinye izikhathi imbangela yalokhu akuyona imithambo yegazi emikhulu yenhliziyo, kodwa imithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu, ehlukana nayo. Leso yisimo esikhuluma ngaso namuhla, 'Isifo Senhliziyo Esincane' noma 'Isifo Semithambo Emincane'.

Kuyini Isifo Senhliziyo Esincane?

Kalula nje, lesi yisifo esithinta imithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu ezinhliziyweni zethu. Cabanga ngenhliziyo yethu njengedolobha elikhulu. Leli dolobha linemigwaqo emikhulu (lena yimithambo emikhulu yenhliziyo) enikeza igazi nomoya-mpilo. Kodwa ukuze uphume kuleyo migwaqo emikhulu ufike kuzo zonke izindlu futhi uthenge edolobheni, udinga imigwaqo emincane eseceleni, imigwaqo yamatshe aqinile, akunjalo? Ngendlela efanayo, wonke amaseli amancane emisipha yenhliziyo yethu alethwa igazi, umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba ngenethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu, engajiyile kunezinwele. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi `(coronary microvasculature)`.

Esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Microvascular Coronary Disease', yize leyo migwaqo emikhulu isesimweni esihle, le mizila emincane yonakele futhi ayisebenzi kahle. Ngemuva kwalokho imisipha yenhliziyo ayitholi umoya-mpilo kanye nokudla okudingakalayo.

Kunamanye amagama amaningana asetshenziswa kulesi simo. Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa elinye lala magama:

• Isifo semithambo emincane
• Isifo semithambo emincane
• Isifo senhliziyo X
• Isifo se-Microvessel
• Isifo senhliziyo esingenakuvimbela

Lokhu kuhluke kanjani kwisifo senhliziyo esivamile (i-Coronary Artery Disease)?

Abantu abaningi bayadida lezi zifo ezimbili ngoba zombili lezi zifo zandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kwazo zombili kuhlukile ngokuphelele. Ake siwuqonde kahle lo mehluko.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo?

Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesifazane kunabesilisa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini nangemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, lapho amazinga e-estrogen emzimbeni ehla khona.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanalezi zimpawu basengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo:

• Ukuba nesifo sikashukela .
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme .
• Ukuba namazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini .
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nokwanda kwesisindo.
• Ukubhema .
• Ukuphila impilo yokuhlala phansi ngaphandle kokuzivocavoca .
• Ukudla usawoti omningi, amafutha agcwele, kanye nokudla okucutshunguliwe .
• Ukuba nezifo ezihlasela amasosha omzimba njenge-lupus noma i-rheumatoid arthritis.

Kungani lesi sifo sivela?

Enhliziyweni enempilo, imisipha ethambile ezindongeni zale mithambo yegazi emincane ilawula ukugeleza kwegazi ngokufinyela nokuphumula njengoba kudingeka. Isibonelo, lapho sizivocavoca, inhliziyo idinga igazi elengeziwe, ngakho le mithambo iyanda futhi ipompe igazi elengeziwe. Uma siphumule, ibuyela esimweni sayo esijwayelekile.

Kodwa uma kwenzeka i-'Microvascular Coronary Disease', izindonga zangaphakathi zale mithambo yegazi emincane ziyalimala. Lo monakalo uphazamisa ukusebenza kwayo. Ngezinye izikhathi le migudu ingancipha ngokuzumayo (ukushaqeka). Bese kuthi ukuphakelwa kwegazi emisipheni yenhliziyo kuphazamiseke ngokuzumayo, okubangela izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?

Uphawu oluyinhloko noluvame kakhulu lwalesi sifo ubuhlungu besifuba obubizwa ngokuthi i-angina . Kodwa-ke, lobu buhlungu bungase buhluke kancane ebuhlungwini obuvela esifweni senhliziyo esivamile.

• Ngokuvamile kuthatha imizuzu eyi-10 noma ngaphezulu .
• Lobuhlungu bungenzeka ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca kanye nokuphumula .
• Ubuhlungu bungakhula uma kukhona ukucindezeleka kwengqondo .
• Kwabanye abantu, lobu buhlungu benza kube nzima kakhulu kubo ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngendlela efanele.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu kubuhlungu esifubeni, kungase kube nezinye izimpawu:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula .
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile ngaphandle kwesizathu .
• Izinkinga zokulala, okuhlanganisa nokungalali kahle .

Indlela yokuxilonga lesi sifo ngokunembile?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, ukuthola lesi sifo kungaba nzima kancane ngoba le mithambo yegazi emincane mincane kakhulu ukuthi ingabonakala ngokuhlolwa kwenhliziyo okujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, uma unalezi zimpawu, kungcono ukubona udokotela wenhliziyo ochwepheshe kulezi zinhlobo zezifo.

Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwegolide kokuthola lesi sifo ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Cardiac catheterization ene-coronary flow reserve (CFR).' Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi le mithambo yegazi emincane ingavuleka ngokushesha kangakanani futhi inikeze igazi eliningi ezidingweni zomzimba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo eziningana:

• Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kwenhliziyo yenuzi (i-PET scan)
• I-MRI yenhliziyo ene-perfusion

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwemithambo yegazi, ukulawula izimpawu, nokunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga ezifana nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi eminingana ukukusiza ukwenza lokhu.

• Ama-inhibitor e-Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE): asiza ukulawula umfutho wegazi ngokwandisa imithambo yegazi.
• Ama-Anticoagulant: Imithi evimbela ukujiya kwegazi.
• I-aspirin: Ivimbela ama-platelet egazi ukuthi anganamatheli ndawonye futhi inciphisa ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi.
• Ama-Beta-blocker: Lawula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nomfutho wegazi ophansi.
• Ama-calcium channel blockers: Khulula imisipha emithanjeni yegazi, uyinwebe.
• Ama-diuretics: Susa uketshezi oluningi nosawoti emzimbeni, wehlise umfutho wegazi.
• Ama-Statins: Imithi ehlisa amazinga e-cholesterol egazini.

Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze sivimbele futhi silawule lesi sifo?

Kanye nemithi, izinguquko ezinhle endleleni yethu yokuphila zibaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni lesi sifo.

• Landela ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Nciphisa usawoti, uwoyela, ushukela, nokudla okucutshunguliwe, bese udla imifino eminingi, izithelo, ubhontshisi kanye nokudla okucebile nge-fiber.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo: Thola okungenani imizuzu engama-30 yokuzivocavoca ngosuku, njengokuhamba noma ukugijima. Uma usanda kuqala ukuzivocavoca, khuluma nodokotela wakho bese ucabangela uhlelo lokuvuselela inhliziyo uma kudingeka.
• Gcina isisindo somzimba siphilile.
• Gcina amazinga omfutho wegazi kanye noshukela egazini ngaphakathi kwesilinganiso esifanele.
• Uma ubhema, yeka ngokuphelele.

Mayelana nokuphila nalesi sifo

Ukusebenzisa imithi eminingi nokwenza izinguquko zendlela yokuphila kanje kungaba nzima ekuqaleni. Eminye imithi ingabangela imiphumela emibi njengesiyezi.

Kungasiza kakhulu futhi ukugcina idayari yezimpawu zakho kanye nomfutho wegazi, njengoba lokhu kuzosiza udokotela wakho ukuthola isithombe esicacile sesimo sakho futhi ahlele ukwelashwa kwakho ngokufanele.