Uma kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza webele, udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuze afunde kabanzi ngamaseli omdlavuza. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngokuthatha ingxenye yezicubu zomdlavuza ngokuhlinzwa noma nge-biopsy. Enye yalezi zivivinyo ukubona ukuthi amaseli omdlavuza anama -hormone receptors yini. Cabanga ngala ma-receptor 'njengezikhiye' ezincane ebusweni bamaseli. Lapho 'izihluthulelo' ezibizwa ngama-hormone zingena kulezi zikhiye, amaseli athola umyalezo wokuthi akhule.
I-progesterone iyi-hormone ekhiqizwa ngokwemvelo emizimbeni yethu. Ibaluleke kakhulu ezintweni ezifana nokuthomba, ukuya esikhathini, kanye nokukhulelwa kwabesifazane. Amanye amangqamuzana omdlavuza webele ane-receptor ebusweni bawo engabopha kule hormone. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lubizwa ngokuthi i-progesterone-receptor positive, noma umdlavuza webele we-PR-positive (PR+). Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi i-hormone i-progesterone iyafika futhi ibophe amangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi iwasize akhule kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwalokhu kuzama ukumisa le nqubo ye-hormone.
Enye i-hormone esebenza ngendlela efanayo yi-estrogen. Uma amangqamuzana omdlavuza ene-estrogen receptors, ibizwa ngokuthi i-estrogen-receptor positive, noma umdlavuza we-ER-positive (ER+).
Ubani osengozini enkulu yalesi simo?
Uma amangqamuzana akho omdlavuza ene-PR-positive, i-ER-positive, noma kokubili, ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza webele we-hormone-receptor positive (HR+). Ngenhlanhla, cishe umdlavuza webele ongu-7 kwabayi-10 otholakale utholakala ungowalolu hlobo. Nakuba lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lungakhula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sobudala, luvame kakhulu kwabesifazane abake badlula esikhathini sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.
Ngokuvamile, izici ezifanayo eziyingozi ezithinta noma yimuphi umdlavuza webele nazo zithinta umdlavuza one-HR-positive. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Isici sengozi | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukuba ngowesifazane | Abesifazane basengozini enkulu uma kuqhathaniswa nabesilisa. |
| Ukuguga | Ingozi iyanda njengoba iminyaka ikhula. |
| Ukungahambi kahle emaseli ebele | Uma uke waba nokukhula okungavamile kwamaseli ebeleni (isib. i-LCIS ). |
| Umlando womndeni | Uma ilungu lomndeni eliseduze liye laba nomdlavuza webele. |
| Ukuthomba kwasekuqaleni | Ukuya esikhathini kuqala ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-12. |
| Ukuba nezingane sekwephuzile | Ukuthola ingane yakho yokuqala ngemva kweminyaka engu-35 noma ukungakhulelwa. |
| Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini sekwephuzile | Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ngemva kweminyaka engu-55. |
| Ukuthatha ukwelashwa ngama-hormone | Ukuthatha ukwelashwa kokushintsha ama-hormone ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. |
Ziyini izimpawu?
Esikhathini esiningi, abesifazane abaningi abanazo izimpawu uma betholakala benomdlavuza webele. Kunalokho, utholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-mammogram okuvamile.
Izimpawu zomdlavuza webele one-HR zifana nezezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele . Nazi ezinye zezimpawu ezivame kakhulu.
| Isibonakaliso | Nakekela lokhu. |
|---|---|
| Iqhubu elisha ebeleni | Noma yiliphi iqhubu elisha ongalizwa, noma ngabe alibuhlungu. |
| Ukuvuvukala ebeleni | Ukuvuvukala kwebele lonke noma ingxenye yalo. |
| Ubuhlungu bebele noma ingono | Ubuhlungu obungavamile, obuqhubekayo. |
| Izinguquko zesikhumba | Isikhumba esishonile, ukubukeka kwesikhumba esiphuzi, ukuqina kwesikhumba, ukubomvu, noma isikhumba esomile, esinamaxolo. |
| Izinguquko zezingono | Ingono iba yizimbobo noma kuvela uketshezi. |
| Ama-lymph node avuvukele | Amaqhubu asemakhwapheni noma azungeze intamo angabanjwa esandleni. |
Isetshenziswa kanjani i-hormone therapy?
Lapho uthuthukisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa, udokotela wakho uzocabangela isimo samahomoni somdlavuza wakho. Ukwelashwa ngamahomoni kuyindlela eyinhloko nebaluleke kakhulu yokwelapha umdlavuza one-PR. Umgomo ukuvimbela amangqamuzana omdlavuza ekusebenziseni amahomoni ukuze akhule.
Kalula nje, ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kunciphisa ukutholakala 'kokudla' (ama-hormone) okudingwa umdlavuza.
Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- Ukususwa kwama-ovari ngokuhlinzwa: Lokhu kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone emzimbeni.
- Amaphilisi noma imijovo yokwelapha ngama-hormone: Le mithi ivimbela umzimba ekukhiqizeni ama-hormone, noma ivimbele ama-receptor (ukukhiya) kumaseli omdlavuza, iwavimbele ekubopheni ama-hormone (izihluthulelo).
Uhlobo lokwelashwa ngama-hormone olutholayo luzoncika ekutheni uke wadlula yini esikhathini sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Lokhu kwelashwa kungasetshenziswa kunoma yisiphi isigaba somdlavuza. Kuye ngesigaba somdlavuza, ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kunikezwa kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokuhlinzwa noma i-chemotherapy.
Yiziphi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha?
Ngaphezu kokwelashwa ngama-hormone, unganikezwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo komdlavuza webele one-PR.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Ukuhlinzwa kokususa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Isibonelo, ukususa iqhubu kuphela (`Lumpectomy`) noma ukususa lonke ibele (`Mastectomy`).
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Imithi enamandla enikezwa ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe : Kusebenzisa imisebe enamandla aphezulu ukubhubhisa noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele.
- Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe: Imithi eqondisa amaprotheni athile asiza amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuba akhule. Lokhu kungandisa nokusebenza kahle kokwelashwa ngama-hormone.
Iyini iphrojekthi?
Nazi izindaba ezinhle kuwe. Umdlavuza one-hormone-receptor-positive (HR+) uvame ukukhula kancane kunomdlavuza one-hormone-receptor-negative (HR-Negative). Futhi, unethuba elihle ekwelashweni ngoba ungavimba ukusebenza kwama-hormone futhi umise umdlavuza ukuthi ungakhuli. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yimuphi umdlavuza, ukwelashwa kwesikhathi esizayo kuncike ekutheni utholakala kusenesikhathi kangakanani.
Kodwa kukhona okufanele ukukhumbule. Nakuba ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kungalawula ukukhula nokusabalala komdlavuza, ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka eminyakeni eminingi ngemva kokwelashwa. Yingakho odokotela ngezinye izikhathi benikeza ukwelashwa ngama-hormone isikhathi eside, ngezinye izikhathi iminyaka emi-5 noma eyi-10.
Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nangokucacile nodokotela wakho ngesimo se-hormone receptor somdlavuza wakho nokuthi sizothinta kanjani uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa kanye nendlela eya phambili.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umdlavuza webele we-PR-Positive (PR+) usho ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asebenzisa i-hormone i-progesterone ukuze akhule.
- Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza luvame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.
- Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu futhi eyinhloko esetshenziswa kulokhu.
- Isibikezelo salezi zinhlansi ngokuvamile sihle ngoba zikhula kancane, kodwa ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside kanye nokuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha kuyadingeka ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuphinda kuvele.
- Ungalokothi unqikaze ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngesimo sakho, ukwelashwa, kanye nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ongase ube nazo.
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